NAMA: NABILLAH FEBRIYANTI

NIM : A022036

As with the ISO 9001 standard, ISO 14001 is built upon the notion of High Level
Structure (HLS). If you don't remember what it is, I would be happy to remind you briefly.
High Level Structure is the standardization of the structure of all standards for
management systems.
Here, the same basic content, terminology and definitions are used in all standards of
management systems.
The main requirements for individual systems will be the same.
However, they will differ in how detailed they are and what specific requirements they
include with regard to a given management system.
Thanks to this structure, it is now easier to read and interpret the requirements of
standards, and as a result, the integration of systems has become much easier.
Now, let’s move on to the basic definitions of an environmental management system.
The environmental management system involves a number of definitions, the
understanding of which is necessary to properly interpretand meet the requirements of
the standard.Let’s start by discussing what the term ‘environment’ means.
The environment is the surroundings in which the organisation operates - the air, water,
land, natural resources, flora, fauna, people and their inter-relationships.
The environmental management system is based on the notion of dealing with the so-
called environmental aspects. As environmental aspect is an element of an
organisation's activities, products or services that interacts with, or may interact with
the environment.So, it may affect the environment.What is an environmental impact?
This is a change in the environment, both adverse and beneficial, which, as a whole or
partly results from the environmental performance of the organisation.Examples? I will
give you some of them. Let’s imagine that you are the President of the Management
Board of the transportation company.You have a huge fleet of cars and your trucks drive
hundreds of thousands of kilometres per month.The process to be analysed will be
transport.The environmental aspect - emission of greenhouse gasses.The impact on
the environment - air quality deterioration.Another environmental aspect may be the use
of liquid fuels, and the associated impact will be the use of limited natural resources.I
hope you now understand what the environmental impact is. Now, it’s time for an
exercise. Look at the table on the slide.Turn on the pause and try to complete the
table.You can get started now!
2.57
Are you ready? Great!
3.00
Now let's move on to the requirements of the standard. We will start with the context of
the organisation.
3.07
Defining the context of the organisation should be the first step in describing the risk
management model within the company.
3.14
This is also the first step in implementing the management system, including the
environmental management system.
3.21
If it is a risk-based system, we can establish and enact a system that will be effective,
efficient and adapted to the company's needs.
3.29
The standard requires an organisation to define the internal and external factors that
may affect the implementation of its strategy
3.37
and objectives in relation to its environmental management system.
3.41
It is important to define those internal and external factors that are related to the
organisation's environmental performance
3.48
and that may affect the organisation's main objective.
3.53
Changes in the availability of resources, changes in the environment, changing legal
requirements
3.59
and changing social expectations may be crucial in conducting successful business
activities - as they are factors of both risk and opportunity.
4.10
Examples of such factors are:
4.12
Spatial management plans, location of the company (the centre of the urban
agglomeration, limitations in air emissions (e.g. due to the company's location),
4.23
customer's pressure to use returnable packaging, the employees’ environmental
awareness.
4.29
Let’s imagine a situation in which we run a company located in the centre of an urban
agglomeration.
4.36
While examining the context of the organisation, we need to consider possible
limitations resulting from its location
4.43
(restrictions on air emissions, industrial water discharges, noise, relations with
residents).
4.50
I am sure you have heard of at least one company whose environment policies have
met with local resident protest,
4.56
for instance due to the odour emission related to the organisation’s activity.
5.00
You might also have heard about companies that have had to move their operations to
the other end of the world
5.06
due to the impossibility of their development as a result of restrictions on air emissions,
for example.
5.12
Of course, these are elements of the context of the organisation that companies identify
as threats, and, therefore, take preventive measures against.
5.22
Having analysed the organisation's internal and external environment, we can focus on
the needs and expectations of the so-called stakeholders.
5.32
With regard to the requirements of the standard, the organisation should define the
stakeholders that are relevant
5.38
to the environmental management system and specify their requirements.
5.43
For instance, stakeholders are:
5.45
customers, social groups (e.g. neighbours), suppliers, contractors (including
subcontractors and service providers), authorities, NGOs,
5.55
the sanitary epidemiological service and technical inspection office, investors or
employees.
6.03
The subsequent step is to identify the stakeholders’ requirements with regard to the
environmental management system
6.09
and to determine which of these requirements automatically constitutes a compliance
obligation.
6.16
Is it not clear? I will explain.
6.18
Let’s assume that one of the stakeholders is the local town hall that requires the
relevant environmental charges to be paid - and within a specified time limit.
6.28
This is an example of a compliance obligation.
6.30
The amount of environmental charges, as well as their type and time limit are regulated
by the legal requirements applicable in a given region, province and country.
6.40
The production company is always obliged to meet this requirement.
6.44
Once we have the context of the organisation defined and we know the stakeholders
and their requirements, we can consider the scope of the environmental management
system.
6.54
While defining a quality management system, we take into account all internal and
external factors identified in the course of analysing the context of the organisation.
7.06
Moreover, we consider the requirements of stakeholders, including compliance
obligations, our organisational unit needs and functions,
7.13
all in relation to the products and services of the organisation.
7.18
Remember that when the organisation is, for instance, entitled to transport or dispose of
waste, or has a water treatment plant,
7.26
these powers and functions should be included in the environmental management
system.
Inggris