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FC 1.5 PA 60-63 Teacher Version
FC 1.5 PA 60-63 Teacher Version
1
Prescriptive
Activities:
Facet
Cluster
1.5:
PF#60-63
Teacher
Page
Videos
on
metals:
Reaction
of
Sodium
&
Chlorine
(with
subtitles):
(:52)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mx5JJWI2aaw&feature=player_detailpage
Halogens
(F,
Cl,
Br,
I,
At)
The
halogens
(Group
17
on
the
Periodic
Table)
are
elements
that
are
quite
reactive
and
therefore
do
not
exist
in
their
pure
from
in
nature.
Like
most
metals,
the
halogens
exist
bound
to
other
atoms
in
compounds
such
as
NaCl,
KCl,
CaF2,
Na3AlF6
(in
the
mineral
Cryolite)
and
C11H13N2Cl
(an
organic
compound
found
in
the
skin
of
poisonous
frogs).
This
last
formula
is
one
example
of
a
chlorine-‐containing
compound
made
by
a
living
organism.
In
fact,
chlorine
is
one
of
the
most
abundant
elements
in
nature
and
over
4,000
chlorine-‐
containing
compounds
made
by
living
organisms
have
been
identified
so
far.
Images
here
show
the
poisonous
frog
that
makes
the
chlorine-‐
containing
compound
listed
above,
the
mineral
cryolite
which
contains
fluorine,
and
a
salt
flat
in
Utah
composed
in
large
part
of
NaCl.
The
salt
flat
used
to
be
a
sea
which
evaporated
millions
of
years
ago
leaving
behind
all
the
salt
that
had
been
dissolved
in
the
water.
Videos
on
halogens:
Fluorine
reactions
(In
this
video
fluorine
gas
is
released
from
a
metal
tube
and
allowed
to
react
with
several
different
substances):
Fluorine
Reactions
-‐
Periodic
Table
of
Videos
(5:10)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1FsO5zaf6M&feature=player_detailpage
Noble
gases
Out
of
the
92
naturally
occurring
elements,
only
6
exist
in
nature
as
individual
atoms.
These
are
the
noble
gases:
Helium
(He),
Neon
(Ne),
Argon
(Ar),
Krypton
(Kr),
Xenon
(Xe)
and
Radon
(Rn).
These
elements
have
complete
outer
electron
shells
and
are
quite
stable
and
nonreactive.
They
all
exist
as
gases
under
normal
conditions
of
temperature
and
pressure.
While
it
is
true
that
the
noble
gases
don’t
tend
to
react
and
form
compounds
with
other
elements,
they
can
be
made
to
react.
While
no
compounds
containing
Helium
or
Neon
are
known
to
exist
or
have
been
made,
krypton
difluoride
(KrF2)
can
be
made
in
the
lab
using
high
energy
ultraviolet
radiation
and
compounds
such
as
xenon
fluorides
(XeF2,
XeF4,
XeF6)
and
xenon
oxides
(XeO3,
XeO4)
can
be
produced
in
the
lab.
2
Prescriptive
Activities:
Facet
Cluster
1.5:
PF#60-63
Teacher
Page
Discussion
Questions:
1. How
many
metals
are
on
the
periodic
table?
2. Of
those
metals,
how
many
exist
for
extended
periods
uncombined
with
other
elements?
3. List
the
six
elements
that
are
stable
enough
to
exist
in
their
pure
form
and
as
single
atoms
in
nature.
Teacher
Notes:
There
is
a
lot
of
interesting
information
about
the
role
of
certain
elements
on
earth
and
in
living
organisms.
Chlorine:
Only
15
elements
make
up
99.5%
of
the
human
body;
elemental
chlorine
is
the
10th
most
abundant.Only
16
elements
make
up
99.5%
of
the
earth
crust,
including
air
and
water,
and
chlorine
ranks
11th.
Scientists
have
identified
more
than
4,000
naturally-‐occurring
chlorine-‐based
compounds.
Vancomycin
is
a
powerful,
chlorine-‐containing
antibiotic
which
often
works
when
other
antibiotics
fail.
It
has
been
called
the
“antibiotic
of
last
resort,”
having
saved
the
lives
of
many
patients
suffering
from
serious
bacterial
illnesses.
Vancomycin,
like
many
other
useful
drugs,
is
also
a
product
of
nature.
It
is
made
by
the
soil
bacterium,
Streptomyces
orientalis,
and
was
originally
identified
in
India
and
Indonesia
over
40
years
ago.
Vancomycin
has
a
large
molecule:
its
chemical
formula
is
C66H75Cl2N9O24.
References:
Frog
image:
http://www.eurochlor.org/Epibatidine:%20a%20natural%20poison%20with%20pain-‐
killing%20potential
Cryolite
image:
http://webmineral.com/specimens/picshow.php?id=1470&target=Cryolite
Salt
flats
image:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Saltph26.jpg
Metal
Ores
images:
http://www.clt.astate.edu/zchaudhury/metallurgy_program.html
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