Chemical Spills

ANTHROPOGENIC HAZARD
GROUP 1
Table of Contents

01 02
INTRODUCTION OF EXPLAIN CHEMICAL
ANTHROPOGENIC SPILL
HAZARD

03 04
TYPES OF EMERGENCY
CHEMICAL SPILL PLAN
 01

ANTHROPOGENIC
HAZARD
 Introduction

According to The Reader View of Wikipedia,

Hazards produced by human activity or inaction
are known as anthropogenic hazards. They stand
in stark contrast to natural disasters. Humans,
other animals, biomes, and ecosystems may all
be harmed by anthropogenic dangers. Only if
there is a path to exposure does a hazard exist.
Anthropogenic Hazard
 02

Chemical Spill
The unintentional release
of a liquid chemical that
is considered hazardous
to human health,
regardless of the volume
or location of release—
indoors or outdoors—that
is identified with
hazardous materials labels
in a workplace.
Ø A chemical disaster occurs when one or more chemical
danger compounds are released unintentionally, posing
a risk to human health and the environment.
Ø e.g. fires, explosions, leaks, or the release of toxic
or hazardous materials that can cause illness,
injury, or disability to people.
Ø when toxic materials are stored, transported, or
used, chemical accidents can occur; the most
serious are industrial accidents involving major
chemical manufacturing and storage facilities.
Highly Toxic Chemical Spills

1. Aromatic Amines
2. Bromines
3. Carbon Disulfude
4. Cyanides
5. Ethers
6. Hydrazine
7. Nitriles
8. Nitro-Compounds
9. Organic Halide
Main Effects of Chemical Spills
Human Effects
Ø Toxic or poisonous gases can cause serious sickness, and in certain
circumstances, death. The higher the concentration of harmful
chemicals spilled or leaked, the greater the risk of serious injury or
death.

Ø When corrosive chemicals are contacted, they can inflict severe burns,
damage eyesight, and harm the respiratory tract.

Ø Some chemical spills cause cancer years after the first exposure, such
as asbestos inhalation, which causes lung cancer years later.

Ø Flammable chemicals can also harm humans in the form of fires or

explosions.
Structural Effects
Ø Buildings can suffer serious structural damage from
fires, including the entire collapse of a structure
due to the corrosion of its base caused by high
temperatures.
Ø Certain poisonous substances can render buildings
useless for long periods of time until the spilled
chemical is completely cleaned.
Environmental Effects
Ø Spilled chemicals can also flow down into
the soil, causing significant ecological
harm and rendering certain places
uninhabitable for flora and fauna.
Ø Slow chemical spill responses in schools,
universities, and businesses can amplify
and even cause all of the harmful
impacts of chemical spills.
Causes of chemical spills
v improper chemical v improper containers
storage for chemical disposal

v chemical storage v failure to dispose of

tank ruptures chemicals in a timely
manner
q Chemicals can be corrosive, toxic, and they may react, often
explosively.

q The impacts of chemical accidents can be deadly, for both human

beings and the environment

q The source of many of these chemicals is petroleum, which is

refined into two main fractions: fuels and the chemical feedstocks
that are the building blocks of plastics, paints, dyes, inks,
polyester, and many of the products we buy and use every day.

q Some of the most common spills involve tanker trucks and railroad
tankers containing gasoline, chlorine, acid, or other industrial
chemicals.
placard system is as follows:
1. Hazard class 1: Explosives (class 1.1-1.6, compatibility
groups A–L)
2. Hazard class 2: Gases (nonflammable, flammable, toxic gas,
oxygen, inhalation hazard)
3. Hazard class 3: Flammable liquids
4. Hazard class 4: Flammable solids (flammable solid,
spontaneously combustible, dangerous when wet)
5. Hazard class 5: Oxidizer and organic peroxide
6. Hazard class 6: Toxic/poisonous and infectious substances
labels (PG III, inhalation hazard, poison, toxic)
7. Hazard class 7: Radioactive (I, II, III, and fissile)
8. Hazard class 8: Corrosive
9. Hazard class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods
Two Types of Chemical Spill

simple spill Complicated

Spills
Simple Spills are small, requires evacuation
confined, and present of the area and the
minimal hazards. assistance of outside
specialists from one
of the local fire
departments
Small and Large Spill
● Small chemical spills with low toxicity that do not pose a
risk of overexposure or a substantial breathing hazard due
to being volatile or a dust are normally safe for laboratory
employees to clean up. A little spill is one that involves a
chemical that isn't highly poisonous, doesn't pose a
substantial fire or environmental concern, and isn't in a
public location like a hallway.
● Spills of any quantity of very dangerous chemicals or
chemicals in public spaces or near drains are considered large
chemical spills. Large spills necessitate immediate action.
What to
do?
 04

EMERGENCY PLAN
In a Laboratory
1. Put on protective equipment such as a lab coat, splash goggles, and
chemically resistant gloves.
2. Work with another person to clean-up the spill. Do not clean-up a
spill alone.
3. Do not add water to the spill.

4. To neutralize and absorb inorganic acids and bases, use the

appropriate equipment. Use the proper kit for additional
chemicals, or absorb the spill using sorbent pads, vermiculite,
or dry sand.
5. Collect the residue and place it in a clear plastic bag. Double
bag the waste and label the bag with the contents. Create a
WASTE tag for pick-up.
 General hazardous material spill response
procedures include:
RESCUE
Get everyone out of the spill area. Assist with the use of safety showers and eyewashes,
as necessary. Once you've been completely decontaminated, seek immediate medical
help.

CONFINE
Keep the spill area contained by closing the spill area's closest doors. Isolate anyone
who has been contaminated and don't let them leave or transmit the disease. Drains
should be covered to prevent spills from entering the environment.
 SECURE

Ensure that no one enters the spill location until emergency response workers arrive.
If the location has many entries, someone should be stationed at each one to prevent
entry.

CLEANUP

Only qualified individuals with the necessary training, protective equipment, and
cleanup supplies should do cleanup. Depending on the nature and extent of the spill,
skilled department or laboratory personnel may be able to clean it up using the
procedures outlined below. Otherwise, emergency response personnel are accessible 24
hours a day, seven days a week.
A Quick and Effective Spill Response Plan
1. Assessing Safety
o Employees' capacity to identify
the severity of a spill and
analyze the spill site's safety
is critical for quick chemical
cleanup. fire and medical
personnel should be notified as
soon as possible about large
spills that are too difficult to
clean with standard chemical
cleanup kits.
2. PPE Equipment
o Anyone working with
chemicals should put on
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) that is
appropriate for the
chemical and the hazard(s)
it poses right away. In
some cases, PPE such as a
respirator is required.
A Quick and Effective Spill Response Plan
3. Stop the Spill
o Any chemical spill must be
contained as much as possible
to avoid future damage. The
most important thing is to
halt the flow of liquid if a
container containing a
hazardous chemical has fallen
over; otherwise, cover the
opening from which a chemical
is leaking with a cap or putty.
4. Use a Spill Kit
o Ensure that soaked-up
chemical pads and other spill
kit components are properly
disposed of in hazardous
waste bags or containers.
Clean the spill location with
soap and water to eliminate
any chemical residue after
the site has been cleared of
chemical spills.
Environmental disasters caused by humans pose a
substantial and ongoing threat to public health.
Risks can, however, be decreased by:
1. Keeping dangerous places and materials away from densely
populated areas.
2. A secure environmental health structure that ensures, for
example, that drinking water is clean and uncontaminated.
3. Before making potentially hazardous changes, do pilot studies and
seek independent environmental health advice.
4. Agreeing on environmental health policies, monitoring them, and
enforcing them
5. In the event of a disaster, quick and effective remedial measures
to reduce long-term hazards and health consequences.
Do you have any
questions?
GROUP 1 MEMBERS:

Blauria Elizabeth S. Baligod

Celine Z. Samus
Epimaco Talosig
Kyla Cris Cagata
MarJun Baccay Balingbing
Shila May Z. Pua