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    Drug Prescription - DR Mahmoud Dorgham

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    haiao
    This document provides information on how to prescribe various types of oral medications. It discusses prescribing tablets, capsules, ampoules, vials, syrups, and suspensions. The rest of the document focuses on prescribing guidelines, indications, and considerations for various drug classes including antibiotics, analgesics, anti-edematous agents, mouthwashes, toothpastes, anti-ulcer medications, antifungals, and antivirals. It also provides guidance on calculating pediatric doses using Clark's rule, Young's rule, and Mesta3glen's rule.

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    Drug Prescription - DR Mahmoud Dorgham

    Uploaded by

    haiao
    31 views72 pages
    This document provides information on how to prescribe various types of oral medications. It discusses prescribing tablets, capsules, ampoules, vials, syrups, and suspensions. The rest of the document focuses on prescribing guidelines, indications, and considerations for various drug classes including antibiotics, analgesics, anti-edematous agents, mouthwashes, toothpastes, anti-ulcer medications, antifungals, and antivirals. It also provides guidance on calculating pediatric doses using Clark's rule, Young's rule, and Mesta3glen's rule.

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    Drug Prescription - Dr Mahmoud Dorgham

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    This document provides information on how to prescribe various types of oral medications. It discusses prescribing tablets, capsules, ampoules, vials, syrups, and suspensions. The rest of the document focuses on prescribing guidelines, indications, and considerations for various drug classes including antibiotics, analgesics, anti-edematous agents, mouthwashes, toothpastes, anti-ulcer medications, antifungals, and antivirals. It also provides guidance on calculating pediatric doses using Clark's rule, Young's rule, and Mesta3glen's rule.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views72 pages

    Drug Prescription - DR Mahmoud Dorgham

    Uploaded by

    haiao
    This document provides information on how to prescribe various types of oral medications. It discusses prescribing tablets, capsules, ampoules, vials, syrups, and suspensions. The rest of the document focuses on prescribing guidelines, indications, and considerations for various drug classes including antibiotics, analgesics, anti-edematous agents, mouthwashes, toothpastes, anti-ulcer medications, antifungals, and antivirals. It also provides guidance on calculating pediatric doses using Clark's rule, Young's rule, and Mesta3glen's rule.

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    of 72

    How to Prescribe ?

    Type Of Presentation

    Tablet (Tab) Capsule (Cap) Ampoule (Amp) Vial

    Syrup Suspension (Susp)


    Our Topics
    1-Antibiotics 2-Analgesics

    3-Anti-edematous 4-Mouth washes

    5-Tooth Pastes 6-Anti-Non-infectious ulcers

    7-Antifungal 8-Antiviral

    9-Child dose calculation


    Introduction
    Mechanism of Action
    Oral Bacteriology
    Indications of Antibiotics (ADA 2019)

    1-Spread of infection.
    Systemic Manifestations (Cellulitis : mixed – Abscess : anaerobic predominantly)

    2-Immunocompromised patients subjected to Surgical Intervention.


    Diabetes M. – Leukemia – HIV – Immunosuppressive drugs
    Prophylaxis – Intervention is in the middle of the course

    3-Some Diseases
    Aggressive Periodontitis : Penicillin + Metronidazole
    Osteomyelitis : Clindamycin
    ANUG : Metronidazole
    Acute Pericoronitis : H2O2 MW + Metronidazole
    Cellulitis Complete Cleaning & shaping + empirical AB

    Abscess Access & Drainage + empirical AB

    Pericoronitis H2o2 MW + anaerobic AB (Metronidazole)

    I.C. Prophylaxis Protocol


    Most Effective Empirical Antibiotic
    For Cellulitis and Abscess ?
    Combination (Penicillin and Metronidazole)

    If Badly Destructed Tooth Indicated For Extraction


    With systemic manifestations ?
    Give Penicillin
    Stop it 3 days after disappearance of symptoms
    Duration of Antibiotics

    At least one week


    *Potentiation to Oral hypoglycemic drugs
    *Inhibition to contraceptive pills
    Drugs Pregnancy Breast-Feeding

    B-Lactam Yes (B) Yes

    Metronidazole Yes (B) Avoid

    Clindamycin Yes (B) With Caution

    Drugs Hepatic Patient Renal Patient

    Penicillin + Clavulanic Contraindicated Decrease


    (Clavulanic  Hepatotoxic)
    Cephalosporins Safe (Cefotax) Decrease

    Metronidazole Safe But Safe But


    (Decrease in severe liver disease (Decrease in severe renal disease
     High liver enzymes 10 Ad3af)  GFR < 10 ml / CC > 7.9 mg
    Clindamycin Safe in Hepatitis Safe
    Decrease in Cirrhosis
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action

    (NSAIDs)
    Non Selective Cox Inhibitors (NSAIDs)
    1-Salicylates (Aspirin)

    2-Propionic acid derivatives (Brufen)

    3-Declofenac Na (Voltaren)

    4-Declofenac K (cataflam – Catafast – Catafly)

    5-Acetic acid derivatives (ketolac)


    2

    3 1
    ‫‪200 mg‬‬

    ‫مرتين في اليوم‬
    ‫‪500 mg‬‬
    ‫‪200 mg‬‬
    Sequence According To Intensity
    1-Paracetamol

    2-Brufen
    Intensity
    Side Effects
    3-Cataflam/Catafast

    4-Ketolac
    (Omez 20mg Cap in case of gastritis)
    ‫قبل األكل بساعة بحد أقصى كبسولتين في اليوم‬
    Classification

    Trypsin & Chymotrypsin Alpha Amylase


    Alphintern Maxilase
    Ambezim G
    Classification

    Anti-bacterial Anesthetic
    Chlorhexidine  Orovex – Hexitol Benzydamine H.  Tantum Verde

    Hydrogen Peroxide  Hydrogen Peroxide

    Eucalyptus oil  Listerine 2-3 times/day


    Xerostomia  Alcohol Free MW
    Traumatic - Thermal – Chemical – Electrical – Radiation – Aphthous
    (maximum 8 times)
    3-4 times/day
    Benzydamine hydrochloride
    Benzydamine hydrochloride
    Benzocaine
    Benzydamine hydrochloride
    Lidocaine
    1-2 times/day
    Classification

    Anti-Caries Whitening Tooth Sensitivity Gum Bleeding Fresh Breath


    (Fluoride + minerals) (Higher Abrasives) (Desensitizing Agents) (Antibacterial Agents (Flavoring Agents
    Antiplaque Agents) Antibacterial Agents)

    Total Care Children


    (Combination) (Less Fluoride Content)
    2-3 times/day
    Anti-Caries
    (Fluoride + minerals)

    Whitening
    (Higher Abrasives)

    Tooth Sensitivity
    (Desensitizing Agents)
    Gum Bleeding Children
    (Antibacterial Agents
    Antiplaque Agents) (Less Fluoride Content)

    Fresh Breath
    (Flavoring Agents
    Antibacterial Agents)

    Total Care
    (Combination)
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    ‫‪10‬‬

    ‫‪ 3‬مل – ‪ 3‬مرات يوميا‬


    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    Mechanism of Action
    What about Children ?
    Rules
    1-Clark’s Rule

    2-Young’s Rule

    3-Mesta3glen’s Rule
    1-Clark’s Rule
    Example
    Child Weight 20 kg

    Augmentin Adult dose = 1000mg /12h

    Child Dose = (20/70) X 1000 = 285 mg/12h

    457mg  5ml
    285mg  ??

    (285 X 5)/457 = 3ml


    2-Young’s Rule
    Example
    Child Age 3 years ago

    Augmentin Adult dose = 1000mg /12h

    Child Dose = (3/15) X 1000 = 200 mg/12h

    457mg  5ml
    200mg  ??

    (200 X 5)/457 = 2ml


    3-Mesta3glen’s Rule

    Below 6-7 years  ¼ the adult dose.

    Equal/above 6-7 years ½ the adult dose.


    Antibiotics
    Analgesics
    Anti-edematous

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