Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Final Written Report - RSC Clorox
Final Written Report - RSC Clorox
Marin Bogulski
Ayla D’Silva
Ethan Dubinsky
Kara Kazarian
Michael Lombardo
Eric Parnin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary………………………………………………………………………..2
Recommended Response………………………………………...………………………..12
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………...…16
References………………………………………………………………………..……….19
Appendices………………………………………………………………………………..24
1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Each year, 829,000 people die as a result of water contamination. Around 60,000 of these
people are accounted for by China alone. In addition to the senseless loss of life, almost 200
million Chinese individuals suffer from illnesses, including various forms of cancer,
gastrointestinal infections, and infertility, due to polluted water (Tao et al.). While China is home
to 20% of the global population, they only have 6% of the world’s natural clean water resources.
The fact that such an extensive amount of people suffer each year due to the lack of a basic
human necessity presents a problem that needs to be solved now, and the answer is Brita. We,
Kalo Consulting, believe that if Brita expands eastward they will be able to address this urgent
issue and also reap significant financial returns. Not only do Chinese markets have a huge
demand for clean and good tasting drinking water but also the purchasing power to buy these
products. The most common cause of contamination in polluted water in urban areas is the
presence of lead and PFAS’s, and Brita’s water filters have been proven to remove 99% of
contaminants (Severson). While Brita is a dominant entity in the water filtration market in the
United States, it lacks a strong presence in China where the importance of water filtration is
In turn, we at Kalo Consulting are proposing to partner with the Clorox Company to
penetrate the Chinese water filtration market with the primary purpose of creating shared value
for Brita while simultaneously expanding the company’s global market share while helping to
alleviate the clean water crisis in China. We plan to do this by conducting extensive research and
development for Brita to become familiar and prepared to enter the new, diverse market. We then
plan to localize and market Brita products to Chinese consumers by rebranding and redesigning
Brita’s logo to appeal to Chinese preferences. In this proposal we will give some background on
2
the water filtration market in China, provide a company overview and financial analysis of Brita
and its parent, The Clorox Company, and do a deep dive into the identified problem of there
being a lack of clean water in China and our proposed responses and implementation strategy.
We believe that Brita can be a star of the Clorox company if it is able to capitalize on this
growing market.
Since 1913, Clorox has been a multinational corporation that makes money by
manufacturing and selling household supplies and other various products. Clorox competes for
market share in the primary market segments of lifestyle, household, health and wellness, as well
as international, which accounts for all the international branches of their associated brands.
While most people recognize the company for its bleach and disinfecting products, its United
States-centric portfolio contains many brands well-known to the American public, such as
Clorox, Brita, Glad, Burt’s Bees, Kingsford, Pine-Sol, and Hidden Valley Ranch. The company
as a whole brought in about $7.1 billion in revenues (Figure 1.7) for the fiscal year of 2022, with
$5.9 billion coming from sales in the United States and $1.1 billion from international/foreign
food products, natural personal care, and water filtration. Health and wellness focuses on
cleaning, professional products, vitamins, minerals and supplements (2022 Integrated Annual
Report).
Our team at Kalo Consulting has chosen to specifically focus on The Clorox Company’s
subsidiary, Brita. Brita occupies two target market segments, Lifestyle, and International. Within
these market segments, Brita manufactures and sells water filtration products sold in many retail
3
stores. Brita contributes to 4% of sales in the lifestyle segment and around 17% to the
international segment for fiscal year 2022 (2022 Integrated Annual Report). Lifestyle is The
Clorox Company’s third most profitable segment, but where the company performs the best is in
the Household, Health and Wellness segments, where the market is valued at $29.14 billion
(“Home and Laundry Care,” Statista). Clorox is one of the top performing household/personal
care brands in the segment (“Sales of the leading household/personal care”), which has made
them a highly recognizable brand, one which many reach for in stores. The Clorox Company has
a wide portfolio of products and brands but could benefit from capturing more market share
internationally. We plan to do so by focusing on a strategy for Brita, which we believe has the
potential to become one of the company’s stars if positioned correctly and marketed effectively.
The Clorox Company uses many suppliers to fulfill their raw material needs. In Q3 of
2022, Clorox’s suppliers recorded an increase in sales by 8.45%, which is a staunch departure
from Q2 2022, in which they fell by 5.97% (CSIMarket). The Clorox Company has used the
same suppliers for many years, and, as a result, has forward-purchase contracts that help ensure
the availability of raw materials and stable pricing to ensure profitability. Though The Clorox
Company has almost one hundred listed suppliers, the top ten include 3M Company, Ball
Nemours Incorporated, Eastman Chemical Company, Honeywell International Inc, Illinois Tool
Works Incorporated, and International Paper Company. From these ten companies, The Clorox
Company receives a myriad of materials and services, from freight transportation to raw
Similarly to its suppliers, The Clorox Company has many buyers and retailers. The
Clorox Company’s buyers have a large usage range—from corporations who use Clorox’s
4
products for their own sanitary needs to authorized distributors and retailers that give The Clorox
Company an in-store shopping experience. The top ten buyers of Clorox’s goods include Costco
General Corporation, Host Hotels and Resorts Incorporated, The Kroger Company, McDonald’s
(CSIMarket). As made evident from buyer data, many of The Clorox Company’s consumers are
not big box shopping stores like Walmart and Target (though they are included), but rather
restaurants and hotels that have their own cleaning needs. From a diversification standpoint, this
is extremely beneficial and important to The Clorox Company’s longevity and signals that its
products have wide usage. This inference can then be extended to Brita, the strategic business
Currently, the Clorox Company is working towards a more socially and environmentally
sustainable future. They offer transparency with their ingredients to prioritize health and
well-being. In 2019 Clorox Co. launched its IGNITE strategy, committing to innovative and
purpose-driven growth. The IGNITE program voices The Clorox Company’s commitment to
creating value and doing right by all its stakeholders. They set out to enhance their consumer’s
well-being by harnessing personal care and sourcing their products through natural origin to
increase the quantity of vitamins, nutrients, supplements and minerals. They are also concerned
with reducing plastic and waste and climate change. Their most ambitious goal is to reduce
virgin plastic and fiber packaging by 50% by 2030 (“Ignite Strategy”). Clorox Co. also supports
a healthy community by offering outreach programs such as providing cash grants to local
The goals outlined by the IGNITE strategy apply to all of The Clorox Company’s small
5
business units and, more specifically, Brita. Brita promotes itself as a brand that helps “to reduce
our carbon footprint.” Brita pitchers save 1,800 single-use plastic water bottles per household
and 13 billion single-use plastic bottles overall. Furthermore, Brita users produce 4x fewer
carbon emissions than those who drink bottled water (“Sustainability”). This is a huge selling
point for Eastern markets, especially considering that China is the largest emitter of global
pollutants, emitting 27% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, more than all of the other
According to the Pew Research center, 76% of Chinese individuals are deeply concerned about
pollution (Gao). and 72% of Chinese consumers are committed to buying environmentally
sustainable products, giving Brita a competitive advantage over water bottle companies
(Ackroyd).
This is where we believe that Kalo consulting can help the Clorox Company to develop a
plan to address another issue plaguing society. The most prominent issue we have identified is
pollution and a lack of access to clean drinking water in China. To help aid in this environmental
issue Kalo Consulting proposes the “Brita Water Equity Program”. This program aligns with the
ESG values of the Clorox Company by promoting “Healthy Lives, Thriving Communities, and a
Clean World”. It will focus on donating a portion of Brita filters to schools in rural Chinese
communities upon a new Brita China launch. We know that The Clorox Company cares about
their communities and through the donation of water filters we will establish that connection
with the new communities in China and build a foundation for more ESG initiatives to come in
the East Asia region. Not only will this initiative benefit those without access to clean drinking
water but it will also have a positive impact on Brita’s brand image. We expect this initiative
6
would aid Brita in gaining brand loyalty throughout China. After launch, we plan to donate 5%
of net profits in the form of water filters to schools in rural communities. By Brita helping
underserved rural communities in China, we hope to establish trust and generate both social
Currently, the Clorox Company is a leader in the home care and personal care market,
with the majority of their sales and revenue revolving around health and wellness, and household
products (see Figure 1.4). The Clorox Company is among the leaders in market penetration at a
rate of 8.7% in 2021 (see Figures 1.1 and 1.2). The Clorox Company home and personal care
products are the third most preferred company among men (see Figure 1.5). However, compared
to its main competitor, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Clorox has significantly smaller net sales.
This is in large part due to Colgate Palmolive owning more well known brands such as Colgate,
Palmolive, Softsoap, and Irish Spring, brands that are recognizable in most homes in the United
States. Although the Clorox Company has brands to compete with these labels, they are not as
prominent in the market as the ones owned by the Colgate-Palmolive Company (see Figures 1.6
and 1.7).
For the financial analysis section, we will start by analyzing income statements from
2019-2021 (see Figure 2.1) for The Clorox Company and their primary competitor, The
Colgate-Palmolive Company.
It can quickly be observed that Colgate operates on a much larger scale than Clorox
regarding the volume of money seen in these income statements, but both companies have
followed similar patterns during this time period. While Both Clorox and Colgate have seen an
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increase in revenue from 2019-2021, Clorox’s net sales/revenue has increased at a higher rate
than Colgate’s despite the smaller amount of money by which they operate. Both companies also
followed the pattern of having an increase in net income from 2019-2020 and a decrease in
2020-2021. This is most likely because both Clorox and Colgate are heavily tied to the sanitation
industry, which had a boom in demand in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Clorox and
Colgate also have similar periods of increasing and decreasing metrics for every category on
their income statements, but Clorox tends to see higher increases in revenues while Colgate has
higher increases in expenses. While Clorox is currently far behind its main competitor
monetarily, the company can try to gain momentum from its more accelerated revenue growth
rate and try to differentiate itself from Colgate by innovating and capturing a loyal customer
base.
After diving into The Clorox Company as a whole’s financial data, we will take a look at
Brita's income statement from 2021-2022. In Figure 2.2, we included a forecast of Brita’s
financials up until 2026 to help gauge the expenses for our proposal.
difficult market for American companies to penetrate due to the cultural and regional variety, not
only between China and the United States but also within China itself. China alone is home to 56
different ethnicities with unique traditions and a precarious balance between the new and the old
(“Chinese Ethnic Groups”). China is a complex market that requires a significant amount of
research and development to adapt successfully to local preferences. One challenge we have
identified is a documented Chinese brand preference for companies originating within the nation.
8
To generate the expenditures for eastward expansion, we used data from Brita’s income
statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet. To estimate revenue growth, we found the
benchmark for market growth in the consumer discretionary sector. We then used this number
(19.16%) to project revenue growth over the course of the next 5 years (“Total Market Growth”).
To determine the inventory growth, we looked at the median projection for United States
Business inventory and used this estimation to forecast inventory expenditures for the next 5
years, as seen in Figure 2.1 (“United States Business Inventories”). We used the same method to
calculate intangible asset growth. For the Property, Plant, and Equipment growth rate we used
We decided to use the objective-and-task method to guide our advertising budget for the
eastward expansion campaign. This is the most logical budget-setting method because it bases
advertising metrics on what the company wants to accomplish with promotion. To gain market
share in the Chinese markets, Brita must use a more aggressive advertising and promotional
approach. As depicted in Figure 2.3, Brita is a market leader in the water filtration market in the
United States, with the Clorox Company owning 52% of the market share as of 2019; however, it
does not have an extensive presence in China (“Clorox Brands: Value Market Share”). While
Brita has an operational facility in China, they do not even fall within the top 30 water filtration
brands in China, holding a small amount of market share (“Best Drinking Water Filter for
China”). Since they are a market follower in this industry, Brita needs to adjust their advertising
strategy and be more robust in their approach to become a leader in this market.
documented preference for Chinese brands, we will need to allocate a large portion of our budget
toward advertising. In the first 2 years, we estimate that around 20% of revenue will need to be
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dedicated to promoting the brand in a way that makes it appear more Eastern and that caters to
Chinese preferences Minieri). We will slowly decrease the percentage of funds allocated towards
investing over the following 3 years to account for around 15% of our revenue.
To determine our budget for the other necessary expenses of running a promotional
markets. According to data by McKinsey & Company, the consumer sector spends around 32%
of its EBITDA on research and development (Brennan). We decided to allocate 32% of our
EBITDA towards research and development in the first year. While early research will be
extensive, we will decrease our budget by around 2% over the course of the next four years,
shifting from preliminary research to smaller-scale surveys and focus groups to gauge consumer
attitudes towards our product. For wages and salaries expenses, we took an average of Brita’s
employee growth rate (“GrowJo”). For the purchase of PP&E, we allocated a percentage of
PP&E. Finally, we used an average of Brita’s documented lease expenses to project their future
lease expenses.
different consumer preferences than the United States requires heavy investment in advertising
and research efforts; however, we believe that through these expenditures, Brita will be able to
generate a large rate of return (~8-12% with over the course of the next 5 years). While an
immense amount of research and promotion will be required for Brita to understand and adapt to
Chinese preferences, such investment will enable them to take root in a market with a large
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IDENTIFIED BUSINESS CHALLENGE
Kalo Consulting sees potential for Brita in East Asia, specifically China. We believe that
Brita has the potential to profit from, grow, and avoid loss of established market share by
penetrating these markets. Brita’s sales have doubled in size from around 300 million USD in
2010 to 630 million USD in 2020 (See Figure 3.1) (About Brita - Company Facts & Figures).
This strong growth can be increased through market development. East Asian Markets have a
high growth rate when it comes to water filtration products. China is home to one of the
fastest-growing markets with the largest GDP and a high degree of GDP/capita, especially in
urban regions. The water crisis in China not only poses a problem environmentally for the
region, but it also contributes to the growth of the water purification market in China. According
to The Wall Street Journal, Beijing’s potable per-capita water volume is just 150 cubic meters per
person (according to state media reports); the United Nations considers a region “water-stressed”
when annual water supplies are just below 1,700 cubic meters per person (Chen). As for the
country’s health issues, each year, 190 million people in China fall ill, and 60,000 of those
people die from diseases caused by this polluted water (Tao and Xin).
The demand for clean and good-tasting water in East Asia is high, along with the
accumulation of wealth. Of the top 10 water filtration companies in East Asia, Brita is not
present. This poses an issue because of how Brita is failing to capture a market that is so aligned
with its product, but also because of the potential loss of established market share. Not only do
companies lose out on new market share in foreign regions, but after those foreign market
powers become strong, they often come and pose a threat by gaining market share in the initial
companies' established market. This is an issue that different brands have fallen victim to in the
past. For example, the Ford Motor Company was the first to make cars affordable to the average
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person which made them widely successful in the United States; however, they failed to expand
into East Asia effectively. This not only allowed companies such as Toyota and Honda to
flourish but also caused these flourishing brands to take a large portion of the market share that
Ford previously had control of in the United States. We believe that it is imperative for Brita to
reach into the untapped market potential yielded by East Asian markets, which have both the
Kalo Consulting feels strongly about the match between this identified challenge and
Brita as the subsidiary to solve it. Our team members all have values that align with those of The
Clorox Company; for this reason and more, we believe that we’ll be able to help Brita penetrate
the East Asian market. Together we can make the Chinese market a part of the global family and
continue the way people drink water sustainably, as demonstrated through Brita’s identity, vision,
and mission.
RECOMMENDED RESPONSE
By the year 2023, the growth rate of the water filtration market will reach 16% annually,
and nearly half of the households in East Asia will own and use at least one water filtration
product (“Purification Market”). This indicates a massive demand for water filtration products,
especially considering East Asia’s shift towards a sentiment of health, wellness, and
middle-class and upper-middle-class East Asian households, especially in city loci. Our target
audience has the means—and desire—to have clean air and water provided at the utmost
convenience. Though East Asia has a heavy reliance on plastic water bottles, Brita can be seen as
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This is especially prevalent in light of a post-pandemic economy for both Brita and the
Clorox Company as a whole. In the years since the pandemic began, COVID-19 has had a
significant influence on the Clorox Company, its industry, and its business operations. Clorox has
taken on the role of being the primary home cleaning company in the hopes that consumers will
use Clorox products to combat the pandemic in their own homes. As a result, the Clorox
Company’s strategy has pivoted towards maximizing the supply of its cleaning products to meet
As the pandemic has slowed down and life shifts back towards how it was before, Clorox’s
profits have come back down to pre-pandemic numbers. This leaves Clorox with an unsolved
issue of lacking growth and failing to maintain its profitability during the pandemic. Although
this lack of profit growth from Clorox cleaning products has left a void, this gives the
opportunity for the Clorox company to fill that void, shift their attention to one of their more
underutilized SBUs and also focus on a different issue that is plaguing society. We believe that
Brita, in specific, can take advantage of the post-pandemic environment for convenient access to
During the pandemic, which was marked by stringent COVID-19 regulations in most of
East Asia, and in light of a post-pandemic world, getting to the grocery store to obtain water
bottles has become more difficult. Families and individuals are favoring more accessible and
Additionally, our target audience has the means—and desire—to have clean water provided
at the utmost convenience. Though East Asia has a heavy reliance on plastic water bottles, Brita
can be seen as a safe and convenient alternative that uses less energy than boiling tap water and
helps to improve the taste of water. According to PwC’s June 2022 Global Consumer Insights
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Pulse Survey, 34% of Chinese consumers “often” or “always” agree that sustainable business
practices influence purchase behavior, showcasing a strong demand for a more sustainable means
of drinking water (“PWC’s Global Consumer Insights”). Thus, we want Brita to launch a
drinking water. With this campaign, we hope to convince consumers in our target geographic
region (East Asia) to make the switch from bottled water to water filtration products from both a
By targeting Eastern Asian families, Brita would be able to capitalize on the breadth and
market potential of this region. By aiding East Asia’s issue with plastic waste Brita would also
help to improve their brand image by helping combat issues that affect the environment and the
there is likely to be a large response from Chinese water filtration companies that have
dominated the market for many years; however, when it comes to Brita’s existing competitors in
the United States, it is not likely that they will exhibit much of a response unless, in the unlikely
event, they try to attempt a simultaneous Chinese launch. That being said, the top ten leading
water purifier brands in China as of 2022 include Midea Water Dispenser Company, Qinyuan
Water Purifier Company, Angel Drinking Water Industrial Group, O.Smith Water Treatment
Products Company, 3M, Paragon Water Systems, Litree Purifying Technologies Company,
purification (“Purification Market”). As these companies have been dominant in China for so
long, they already have a competitive advantage when it comes to advertising and brand
recognition across the country. Additionally, most of these companies originate from within
China itself, giving them brand loyalty through nationalism. Part of our Brita Chinese new
14
launch plan includes a celebratory launch and sale that is timed with the Chinese Lunar New
Year. Many of these companies likely already have pre-existing sales during the holiday season,
but may lower prices even more when Brita launches in order to capture their existing market
share. Furthermore, these companies could run smear campaigns and create ads targeted against
Brita’s non-Chinese parent conglomerate, The Clorox Company. Lastly, Brita’s competitors may
go as far as to create their own alternatives to ESG-oriented marketing, which could potentially
circumvent the Brita Water Equity Program that Kalo Consulting plans to launch alongside Brita
China.
As part of our proposed course of action, we are offering a rebrand to address the
preference for locally sourced and purchased products in China. With the rebranding of Brita in
China, we aim to localize the brand using familiar color palettes as well as the Chinese character
for ‘water’ used universally throughout the country. Figure 4.3 shows the proposed new logo for
Brita China, as well as a product markup of a Brita replacement filter pack (Figure 4.4) that
would be shelved in Chinese retail venues. Chinese consumers have a preference for red and blue
packaging, which we make a nod to in this rebranding campaign (Figure 4.1-2). Kalo is willing
to negotiate logo design costs, but packaging costs will fall on the company at about $2.39 per
unit produced. With an estimated brand revenue of $548 million coming from sales of pitchers
that cost $23.99, producing 22,842,851.19 products in a given year would only cost
$9,521,822.09. Of course, time will be needed to ensure a full rollout of the updated product
packaging, so there is no need to pay the entirety in a lump sum. These numbers are merely
Our team has created a simple 4 step implementation plan for getting this market
development plan off the ground: research, localize, market, and penetrate. This plan is visually
15
depicted in Figure 4.5. We will begin with the process of primary research collection, the costs of
this initiative are represented by the graph in Figure 2.2. We expect to spend $1.2 million on
research in development during the first year and gradually decrease this metric as preliminary
research is replaced by more casual focus groups and check in surveys. Over the course of the
next 5 years, we will spend a total of $4.7 million on research and development to ensure an
Next, we will work with localization experts to make sure the Brita brand matches that of
Chinese consumers. From there, we’ll take that rebrand and market it to these consumers through
methods such as influencer marketing through C-Pop (Chinese pop) stars. We plan to spend a
total of $97.4 million on advertising expenses over the course of the next five years, gradually
decreasing our budget each year as Brita becomes more ingrained in Chinese culture. And lastly,
we’ll penetrate the market and build Brita’s presence in the East Asian markets. Executing this
plan in just under 5 years is estimated to be a costly endeavor, with a more specific breakdown of
CONCLUSION
Through extensive market and financial research, our team at Kalo Consulting has
identified a pressing issue regarding the lack of access to clean and good-tasting drinking water
in Eastern Asian markets, more specifically, China. We believe that the Clorox Company has the
ability to yield significant financial returns and transform Brita into a huge revenue generator by
penetrating these East Asian markets. In the current post-pandemic environment, urban
households in China have demonstrated a strong demand for convenient, accessible goods. This
demand was intensified during the Zero-COVID policy where Chinese individuals were confined
16
to their households, making it more difficult to go to the grocery stores to purchase water bottles.
Brita offers Chinese households the luxury of clean drinking water right from the tap.
provided to nearly 100 million people in China has levels of toxic chemicals that exceed safe
limits, researchers have found” (Xie). Brita filters not only have the ability to purify 99% of the
contaminants found in water, namely lead and PFAS’s, but offer Chinese citizens the
China is home to one of the largest and fastest developing economies, with a large
presence of wealth concentrated in city regions. Not only do many urban Chinese families have
the buying power to purchase water filtration markets, but the desire to fuel a healthier and more
sustainable lifestyle, something that differentiates Brita from its competitors. The market for
water filtration is immense with a growth rate of around 16% annually, and by 2023, nearly half
of the households in East Asia will own and use at least one water filtration product
(“Purification Market”). At Kalo Consulting, we believe that Brita’s growth and future success is
dependent on their ability to retain market share in the United States and to continue to expand
To achieve our goal of making Brita a strong competitor in Chinese markets, our team at
Consulting has proposed a four step implementation plan involving research, localization, market
analysis, and penetration. We have also created a detailed financial analysis to bring this large
scale marketing effort into fruition, which is detailed in Figure 2.2. One key aspect of our plan is
to spend a significant amount of time and money researching Chinese markets in hopes of
overcoming their documented preference for Chinese brands. We will launch this product on
Chinese New Year with a logo rebrand, strengthening our ties with the Chinese community. We
17
will then set forth on a large-scale advertising campaign, highlighting Chinese C-Pop stars to
resonate with our target market. Throughout this campaign we will continue to seek consumer
The fact that over a million people in the world do not have access to clean drinking
water is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. We believe that our team at Kalo
Consulting with the aid of Brita can work together to solve this issue while generating significant
18
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23
APPENDICES
SECTION 1:
Figure 1.1:
24
Figure 1.2:
25
Figure 1.3:
Figure 1.4:
26
Figure 1.5:
Figure 1.6:
27
Figure 1.7:
28
SECTION 2:
Figure 2.1:
Figure 2.2:
29
Figure 2.3
30
SECTION 3:
Figure 3.1:
31
SECTION 4:
Figure 4.1:
Brita logo (1)
Figure 4.2
Brita logo (2)
Figure 4.3
Brita China logo
32
Figure 4.4
Product packaging prototype
Figure 4.5
Implementation Timeline
33