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PASSAGES
Passage 1:

Loving, faithful, ferocious and intelligent with an instinct to

learn that is all about dogs as pets. This is a great advantage and a

great protection. A dog is a very faithful creature. Keeping is both a

pleasure and a task. Dogs have a great instinct of learning. Though

animals, they exhibit a great sense of intelligence. They can be

trained even by the crime-in investigating agencies and have

successfully worked out to catch the criminal.

Keeping pots is also a pleasant hobby. A dog has ever been a

favorite pet with people. There is a quite reason for this choice. A

dog is a very faithful creature. People keep a dog as a pet for

reasons a liking fir them as also a constant watchman by night and

day. There are sign boards as the gate of persons keeping dogs as

pets Beware of dogs which means that the dogs kept as pets would

not allow any unknown person to enter the premises of the house.

Passage 2:

Friendship is a nice thing in social life. But it would be nicer of

this continuous through our life. That is what, sometimes, does not

happen. It is not always necessary that when a group, on whatever

basis it gets formed, shall continue to remain adjusted and adjoined.

As soon as the self-interest of one comes in conflict with the other.

Man has feelings and these feelings bring him closer to one another

and need companionship and communion.

Man has slowly and gradually grown into a social being. This

is what has been the result of man becoming a civilized being. Man

has feelings and these feelings bring him closer to one another and

need companionship and communion.

But for these actions man needs some company to talk to,

laugh with. Men of the same taste, of the same temper began

coming closer and this is how the saying goes and this is the basis

and the background of similar tastes.

Passage 3:

The East coastal plains have some of the most fertile lands of

our country. Here, rice is cultivated with three cycles in a year,

particularly in the Kaveri Delta area. All the delta regions and

adjoining plains between the coast and the Ghats have dominance

of rice cultivation. Though in the most of areas rice continues to be

the main food crop. The area consists of ancient rock formation with

predominance of ingenious and metamorphic rocks and hence the

Eastern Ghats are gifted with number of economically important

minerals.

The Eastern Ghats region is dominated by tribal inhabitants.

The agriculture in the Ghats is mostly of subsistence type. In far

interior areas on comes across patches of shifting cultivation.

However, form Tamil Nadu Ghats to Oddisha Ghats the cropping

patterns as well as the agricultural practices differ considerably.

Though in the most of areas rice continues to be the main food crop.

Passage 4:

Wildlife in these islands includes wild Bear, Barking Deer,

Elephant and a number of reptiles. Variety of shells, some of them

was having pearly support cottage industry producing a wide range

of decorative items and ornaments. Evergreen forests are to be seen

in the South Nicobar Islands. Deviating from the Arabian Sea Islands

the Bay of Bengal islands show luxurious growth of natural

vegetation. There are a large number of endemic plants that are not

being seen in mainland India. North Andaman has wet evergreen

forests and the density as well as the diversity of plants goes on

increasing as on moves towards the South Nicobar Islands.

Evergreen forests are to be seen in the South Nicobar Islands.

Besides, the coastal areas harbor dense mangrove forests almost all

along the Islands margins. Andaman forests have plenty of timber

species of commercial value.

Passage 5:

Education has definite aims and objectives in all the societies

in the world. It is more so in the case of simple societies like the rural

and the tribal in India. By educating the youth, these societies

prepare their future citizens. Once the imparting of knowledge is

over, the older generation in these societies handed over the tasks

of protection, feeding and religious duties to the younger

generation, with a least hesitation. The old believed that the youth

could do this with confidence, as the education given to them, was

practical and perfect. Moreover, the parents and elders of the

society themselves and had personally approved the skill of the

youth, with great responsibility.

The simple societies which were away from outside influence

had case based economic activity. In most of the cases there was

exchange of commodities and services. Barter economy was

prevalent in such society.

Passage 6:

Improper functioning of hormonal glands can bring about a

wide variety of physical, psychological and emotional changes in the

individuals. Socio cultural factors also play an important role in the

molding of an individual’s personality.

Education, mannerisms, values, attitude, beliefs, morals, ethics,

prejudices and certain specific behaviors are to a greater extent

determined by our family and culture environment. Teachers and

peer group also have a significant impact on our personality. Peer

group refers to other children of the same age who study with or

play with the child.

Diet plays a vital role in the maintenance of good health and

in the prevention and cure of disease. The human body builds up and

maintains healthy cells, tissues, glands and organs with the help of

various nutrients. The body cannot perform any of its functions be

they metabolic, hormonal, mental, physical or chemical without

specific nutrients.
Passage 7:

Many studies in recent years have looked at the allocation of

resources at the household level. They show that a much greater

share of education, health and food expenditure go to boys than

girls. In many cultures, parents think that there are lower benefits

from investing in girls. This is where the vicious circle starts, leaving

many women in a disadvantaged position for life. The losers are not

only the women but the entire society.

There has been progress in the past few decades. More girls in

developing countries are enrolled in primary schools. Some thirty per

cent of the women in the developing countries are part of the formal

work force.

But still there are too many failures and unsolved problems. The

inequalities are long and depressing. Women spend more time on

paid and unpaid work than men do and they are less likely to be in

the position of responsibility.

Passage 8:

There are many wrong statements made and much

misunderstanding concerning the uses and effects of introducing

computers for commercial practices. It is wrongly supposed by many

that computers are the answer to all difficulties; that their use will

correct bad business practices and be the fairly godmother,

converting losses into profits. It is believed that all that is necessary

is to feed facts and figures into a computer and you will get a magic

answer to any problem. This is not so. Feed rubbish into a computer

and you will get rubbish. After all, computers are only electronic

machines relying on human skill to construct them, operate them,

and feed them with information from which an answer is required.

The commercial use of these electronic machines is for date

processing, the organizing of date detailed information for which

certain definite uses are planned.

Passage 9:

Powerhouse Gym had conducted fitness camps of various

companies wherein the weight and height of employees are

analyzed and based on the findings, a diet is suggested. Employees

are also advised on what kinds of work outs they should go for.

Powerhouse also had tie ups with many companies through which

employees can avail of gym facilities at discounted rates.

Physical exercise is the best tension reliever, it is important for

coping with stress. Person should relax by deep breathing.

Stretching, yoga, meditation, these relaxation techniques are very

helpful to remain calm in a bad situation. Exercise not only improves

your health and reduces stress but also relaxes the tense muscles

and helps you to sleep.

Exercise can cause release of chemicals called endorphins

into your blood stream and give you a feeling of happiness and

positively affect your overall sense of well-being.

Passage 10:

None but a fool is always right. We must be knowing people

who always claim to be right. Howsoever fanciful, irrelevant or

absurd their views on a subject may be, they assert they are right

and are not prepared to brook any contradiction or challenge. Their

cocksureness makes them presumptuous and this nature destroys all

possibilities of acquiring knowledge. The first step towards

knowledge is the realization of one’s ignorance ever be curious to

acquire knowledge. He contemptuously looks upon all possibilities of

learning anything new. He is convinced that others are wrong while

he is right. Then he fails to learn what is actually right.

Darkness cannot be light, but unless a person realizes that he

is wallowing in darkness, he can have no desire of going into light.

Wisdom ever keeps away from such a person. He is doomed to

unrelieved folly.

The first step towards knowledge is the realization of one’s

ignorance ever the curious to acquire knowledge.