Electromagnetism 1

Magnetic field

Magnetic field can be produced by current other way to produce the magnetic field
is motion of electron around the nucleus and spin of electron

Remember:

Magnetic field is intrinsic property of particle just as mass and charge

B = F/ | q | v

Remember

 Electric field can produce acceleration by charging the speed or direction of

a particle while magnetic field can produce acceleration only by changing
the velocity of a particle
 Electron force can do work but magnetic force cannot do work
 Magnetic fields lines along formed a close loop i.e magnetic monopoles
does not exist
 Electric monopoles can exist
 Divergence of B is always zero.

Unit:

B(unit)= Tesla

1T= NA-1m-1

In C.G.S

B(unit)= Gauss

1T= 104 Gauss

1 Gauss = 10-4T

Direction: direction of magnetic field can be found by R.H.R

F= q(V *B)
F is perpendicular the plane containing v and B

Magnetic Force on current carrying conductor

FB= I( L* B)

 Force is perpendicular to both L and B

 Directly proportional to B
 …………… to L
 -------------- current in conductor

Remember:

Net magnetic force acting on a closed is always zero

Torque on a current carrying loop:

τ = IAB or τ = NIAB

If plane of coil is in magnetic field

τ = NIABCos

If plane of coil making an angle ѳ.

Magnetic dipole moment:

µ = IA

τ= µ*B

τ =P*E

P.E=- µ*B

Motion of charges particle in B

Field

The particle moves in circular path

When projected to a uniform B field

γ= mV/qB
This is also known as larmour radius .

Cyclotron Frequency:

Frequency or angular speed of particle

ω= qB/m

T=2πm/qB

Remember:

 If velocity of particle is not perpendicular to field its path is helix

 Magnetic field is along the axis of helix

Hall effect:

 When current carrying conductor is placed in magnetic field a potential

difference is created in a direction perpendicular to both current and
magnetic field
 It is also referred to hall voltage

EH= VdB hall field

VH= Vd Bd

Vd= I/ nqA

VH = IBd/ nqA

RH= 1/nq= hall coefficient

Unit = C-1

VH= RHIB/t

Magnetic force on a charged particle:

F=q(V* B)

 A stationary particle will not be affected by the field

 A neutral particle particle will not be affected by the field
 A particle moving parallel to field will experience no force