laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.

kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj

?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku

fiz; f'k{kkFkhZ] iwoZ ikB esa vkius laLÑr Hkk"kk esa le; rFkk la[;kvksa dk
Kku izkIr fd;k gSA bl ikB esa vki lac/a klwpd rFkk ?kj esa dke vkus
okys NksV& s cM+s midj.kksa dks laLÑr Hkk"kk esa tku ik;sx a Aas vki bu
'kCnksa dk NksV& s NksVs laLÑr okD;ksa esa iz;ksx djuk Hkh fl[ksx a As

mÌs’;

;g ikB i<us ds ckn vki l{ke gksaxs%

• laLÑr Hkk"kk esa laca/klwpd 'kCnksa dks le>us esa( vkSj
• ?kjsyw midj.kksa ds uke laLÑr Hkk"kk esa tku ikus esaA

22 laLÑr Lrj&d
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk
3.1 laca/k&lwpd ds 'kCnksa uke

firk & firkth fVIi.kh

ekrk & ekrkth

firkeg% & nknk th
firkegh & nknh th
ekrkeg% & ukuk th
ekrkegh & ukuh th
iq=% & iq=
iq=h& iq=h
Hkzkrk & HkkbZ
Hkfxuh & cgu
vuqtk & NksVh cgu
vxztk & cM+h cgu
“oJw%& lkl
T;s’B%& cM+k
dfu’B%& NksVh
vxzt%& cM+k HkkbZ
vuqt%& NksVk HkkbZ
“o”kqj%& llwj

laLÑr Lrj&d 23
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk
tkekrk& taokbZ
ikS=%& ikSrk
fVIi.kh ikS=h& ikSrh
nkSfg=% & nksfgrk
nkSfg=h& nksfgrh
Hkzkr`tk& Hkrhth
fir`O;%& pkpk
ekrqy%& ekek
ekrqykuh& ekeh
Hkkfxus;%& HkkUtk
Hkkfxus;h& Hkkath
Hkzkr`tk;k& HkkHkh

3.2 ?kjsyw midj.kksa ds uke

niZ.kEk~ vklUn%
24 laLÑr Lrj&d
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

e¥~p% n.Mnhi%

xksynhi% djnhi%

ikn=k.kEk~ d³~dre~

}kjEk~ iknj{kk

laLÑr Lrj&d 25
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

lhou;U=Ek~ nwjok.kh

drZjh yo.kEk~

LFkkfydk vfuypqfYy%

L;wrEk~ ys[kuh

26 laLÑr Lrj&d
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

djoL=e~ Å#dEk~

v³~duh çkS¥p
~ %

v/kks#
Z de~ Qsude~

nUrQsudEk~ nUrdwp%Z

laLÑr Lrj&d 27
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

æks.kh p”kd%

pel% O;tuEk~

?kVh;U=Ek~ fi¥~t%

f}ofØdk ;kuisfVdk
28 laLÑr Lrj&d
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

fVIi.kh

tofudk okrk;ue~

;qrde~ vfXuisfVdk

dV% “kkfVdk

ufydk mRihfVdk

laLÑr Lrj&d 29
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

ikBxr iz’u& 3-1

fVIi.kh I. fuEufyf[kr dk izFke okD; ds vk/kkj ij nqljs okD; esa fn;s
iz'u dk laLÑr Hkk"kk esa mÙkj nhft, &

1- rL; firk fpfdRld% vfLrA rL; d% fpfdRld% vfLr\

2- jkeL; ekrk x`fg.kh vfLrA x`fg.kh dk vfLr \

II. fjDr LFkku dh iwfrZ dhft, &

1. y{e.k% jkeL; _________ vklhrA
2. jke% n”kjFkL; _________ vklhrA
3. “kqi.Z k[kk jko.kL; _________ vklhrA

vkius D;k lh[kk\

• lac/a klwpd 'kCnksa dk KkuA

• nSfud thou esa bu 'kCnksa dk iz;ksxA

ikBakr iz’u

• dksbZ ikap lac/a klwpd 'kCn laLÑr Hkk"kk esa fyf[k,A

• ?kj ij dke vkus okys dksbZ 10 midj.kksa dk uke laLÑr esa
fyf[k,A

30 laLÑr Lrj&d
 laca/k&lwpd 'kCnksa vkSj ?kjsyw midj.kksa dk Kku
izFke d{kk

mÙkjekyk
fVIi.kh
3.1
I.
1. firk
2. ekrk

II.
1. Hkzkrk
2. iq=%
3. Hkfxuh

laLÑr Lrj&d 31