ISSA A105 Revised 2010 Recommended Performance Guideline For Emulsified Asphalt Slurry Seal ee A105 (Revised 2010) NOTICE itis not intended of recommended that this guideline be used as a verbatim specification. itshould be used as tr outline, helping user agencies establish their particular project specification. Users should understand that ‘imost al geographical areas vary as to the availabilty of materials. An effort should be made to determine aint materials are reasonably available, keeping in mind system compatibility and specific job requirements. e@ Contact ISSA for answers to questions and for a list of ISSA member contractors and companies. International Slurry Surfacing Association #3 Church Circle, PMB 250 Annapolis, MD 21401 (410) 267-0023 wwwwslurry.org {©2010 by Intemational Stury Surfacing Assocation ‘Noreproduction of any kind may be made without writen permission of ISSA,ISSA AOS Revised 2010 RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE GUIDELINE FOR EMULSIFIED ASPHALT SLURRY SEAL 3. SCOPE “The intent ofthis guideline is to aid in the design, testing, quality control, measurement and payment procedures for the application of Emulsified Asphalt Slurry Seal Surfacing. DESCRIPTION Sturry seal shall consist of a mixture of an emulsified asphalt, mineral aggregate, water, and additives, proportioned, mixed and uniformly spread over a propery prepared surtace as directed by the Buyers Juthorized Representative (B.AR.). The slurry seal shall be applied as a homogeneous mat, adhere finnly tothe prepared surface, and have a skid-resistant texture throughout its service li SPECIFICATIONS itis not normally required to run all tests on every project. A compilation of results from the listed tests should be indicative of system performance. Failure to meet specification for an individual test does not Fecessariy disqualify the system. If, for example, the system to be used on the project has a record of {good performance, individual requirements for testing may be waived. Agency and testing methods are fisted in the appendix (see Appendix A) and form a part of this guideline. MATERIALS 44 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT “The emulsified asphalt, and emulsified asphalt residue, shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 140 or ASTM D 977 for SS-1 or SS-1h. For CSS-1, CSS-1h, or CQS-1h, it shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 208 or ASTM D 2397. Each load of emulsified asphalt shall be accompanied with a Certificate of ‘Analysis/Compliance to indicate that the emulsion meets the specifications. 42 AGGREGATE 424 GENERAL “The mineral aggregate used shal! be the type specified for the particular application requirements of the slurry seal. The aggregate shall be crushed stone such as granite, ‘slag, limestone, chat, or other high-quality aggregate, or combination thereof. To assure the material is 100 percent crushed, the parent aggregate willbe larger than the largest stone in the gradation to be used.ISSA A105 Revised 2010 4.2.2 QUALITY TESTS ‘The aggregate should meet agency specified polishing values and these minimum requirements: Test ST SPECIFICATION Sand Equvalent Value of Sale and Five =r paca Tare | D249 45 Mii | Stunaness cf Asproatas by Use ot Troe | ces | SR Masimam WAS: Sodium Sulfate of Magnesium Sutat ua 125% Maximum wiMlgSOx Resistance fo Degradation of Smale ‘Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and, 196 erat 25% Maximum Impact in the Los Angeles Machine "The abrasion test Is run on the parent aggregate. 42.3. GRADATION = ‘When tested in accordance with AASHTO T 27 (ASTM C 136) and AASHTO T 11 (ASTM C117), the mix design aggregate gradation shall be within one of the following bands (or one recognized by the local paving authority): ‘STOCKPILE ‘TOLERANCE Tye ryeem | FROMTHE ove percent | PERCENT | MIXDESIGN SWE PASSING | PASSING | GRADATION 5mm) 100 100 100 (475 mm) 100 90-100 70-90 +5% #8 (236mm 90-100 65-90 45-70 25% #16 (148mm), 65-80 45-70 2-50 25% #30 (600um) 40-65 30-50 19-34 5% #50 (330um) 25-42 18-20 2-25 24% 100 (150 umm) 18-30 10-21 7:18 9% ¥200__(75um) 10-20 5.15 5-15 22% ‘The gradation of the aggregate stockpile shall not vary by more than the stockpile tolerance from the mix design gradation (indicated in the table above) while also remaining within the specification gradation band. The percentage of aggregate passing any two successive sieves shall not change from one end of the specified range to the other end. ‘The aggregate willbe accepted at the job location or stockpile based on five gradation tests sampled according to AASHTO T 2 (ASTM D 7S). Ifthe average of the five tests is within the stockpile tolerance from the mix design gradation, the material will be 343 45 ISSA A105 Revised 2010 accepted. Ifthe average of those test results is out of specification or tolerance, the ‘contractor will be given the choice to either remove the material or blend adaitional ‘aggregate with the stockpile material to bring it into compliance. Materials used in blending must meet the required aggregate quality test specifications in Section 4.2.2 before blending and must be blended in a manner to produce a consistent gradation. ‘Aggregate blending may require a new mix design. Screening shall be required at the stockpile if the oversized materials in the mix. any problems created by ‘Type 1. This aggregate gradation is used to fil surface voids, address moderate surface distresses, and provide protection from the elements. The fineness of this ‘mixture provides the ability for some crack penetration. ‘Type ll. This aggregate gradation is used to fil surface voids, address more severe surface distresses, seal, and provide a durable wearing surface. ‘Type Ill, This aggregate gradation provides maximum skid resistance and an improved wearing surface. MINERAL FILLER ‘Mineral filer may be used to improve mixture consistency and to adjust mixture breaking and ‘curing properties. Portland cement, hydrated lime, limestone dust, fly ash, of other approved filer meeting the requirements of ASTM D 242 shall be used if required by the mix design. ‘Typical use levels are normally 0.0 - 3.0 percent and may be considered part ofthe aggregate ‘gradation. WATER ‘The water shall be free of harmful salts and contaminants. If the quality of the water is in question, it should be submitted to the laboratory with the other raw materials for the mix design, ADDITIVES Additives may be used to accelerate or retard the break/set of the slury seal. Appropriate ‘additives, and their applicable use range, should be approved by the laboratory as part ofthe mix design. LABORATORY EVALUATION 84 GENERAL Before work begins, the contractor shall submit a signed mix design covering the specific materials to be used on the project. This design will be performed by a laboratory which has experience in designing Emulsified Asphalt Slurry Seal Surfacing. After the mix design has been approved, no material substitution will be permitted unless approved by the BAR. ISSA can provide a list of laboratories experienced in slurry seal design. 452 ISSA ALOS Revised 2010 Mix DESIGN Compatibility of the aggregate, emulsified asphalt, water, mineral filer and other additives shall be evaluated in the mix design. The mix design shall be completed using materials Consistent with those supplied by the contractor forthe project. Recommended tests and values are as follows: eer secre} wy onirabe to 180 Seconds Moc Tine @ 77°F be Tine @ 77 25°C) e113 rn OT Tene (@0-30cm) ‘Sly Seal Consstoncy 6 108 Wat Cohesion sa (@ 20 Minutes Minimum (Set) 12kg-0m Meira {@ 00 Nirutes trum crate | FO MAMRCEIIOM) | so ngem ocNearspin Mnimim | 5: Wet SRD Tei ass (OK MY Lean 7 " |(ecty-*) ‘One-hour Soak 75 gf? (538 gin?) Masimum and Adhesion Toe 5) (5382/2 Cases Aohanby wr card nate | oa sinneereaneanas | S00 GotamMaimm | (5-36 21 ) ‘The Wet Track Abrasion Test is performed under laboratory conditions as a component of the mix design process. The purpose of this test is to determine the minimum asphalt content required in a slurry seal systern. The Wet Track Abrasion Test is not recommended as a field ‘Quality control or acceptance test. ISSA TB 136 describes potential causes for inconsistent results of the Wet Track Abrasion Test. “The mixing test is used to predict the time the material can be mixed before it begins to break. It ‘can be a good reference check to verify consistent sources of material. The laboratory should Verify that mix and set times are appropriate for the ciimatic conditions expected during the project, ‘The laboratory shall also report the quantitative effects of moisture content on the unit weight of the aggregate (bulking effect) according to AASHTO 119 (ASTM C28). The report must Clearly show the proportions of aggregate, mineral filer (if used) and emulsified asphalt based on the dry weight of the aggregate. “The percentages of each individual material required shall be shown in the laboratory repor. Based on field conditions, adjustments within the specific ranges of the mix design may be required eek 20 a ce = wie ge we oy os cat 7 ar- thy opt 24h53 ISSA A105 Revised 2010 ‘The component materials shall be designed within the following limits: ‘COMPONENT MATERIALS SUGGESTED LIMITS Type: 10-16% Type, 75-135% Type: 65-12% (Based on ty weight of apgregale) Mineral Filer 00-30% (Based on ky weight of apgregate) Adstives Asneeded water ‘As requied to produce proper mix consistency MIX TOLERANCES ‘Tolerances for the slurry seal mixture are as follows: a. After the residual asphalt content is determined, a vatition 21% by weight of dry ‘aggregate willbe permitted. b. _7a'Stiny consistency, as determined according to ISSA TB No, 106, shall not vary more than £02" (20.5 em irom the job mix formula aftr field adjustments. . Thovate of application shall nat vary more than #2 Ibiye? (21.1 kg?) when the surface toxture does not vary significant EQUIPMENT 64 62 GENERAL ‘Allequipment, tools, and machines used in the application of slurry seal shall be maintained in satisfactory working condition at all times. MIXING EQUIPMENT The-machine shall be specifically designed and manufactured to apply slurry seal. The ‘material shall be mixed by an automatic-sequenced, self-propelled, slurry seal mixing machine Of either truck-mounted or continuous-run design. Continuous-run machines are those that are equipped to seltload materials while continuing to apply slurry seal. Either type machine shall be able to accurately deliver and proportion the mix components through @ mixer and to discharge the mixed product on a continuous-flow basis, Sufficient storage capacity forall mix components is required to maintain an adequate supply to the proportioning controls. ‘The BAR. should decide which type of equipment best suits the specific project. in some cases, truck-mounted machines may be more suited, ie. cul-de-sacs, small narrow roadways, parking lots, etc. On some projects, continuous-run equipmentmay be chosen due to the Continuity of mix and the reduction of start-up joints. Generally, truck-mounted machines or continuous-run machines may be used on similar projectsISSA A105 Revised 2010 ifcontinuous-run equipments used, the machine shall provide the operator with full contro of the tormard and reverse speeds during application ofthe slurry seal. It shall be equipped with 2 Seifloading device and opposite-side driver stations. The seltloading device, opposte-side Sfiver statons, and forward and reverse speed controls shall be of originaequipment: manufacturer design. 5.3 PROPORTIONING DEVICES Individual volume or weight controls or proportioning mix components shall be provided and property labeled. These proportioning devices are used in material calibration to determine he material output at any time. 64 SPREADING EQUIPMENT “The mixture shall be placed uniformly by means of 2 spreader box attached to the paver and ‘hechanically equipped, f necessary, to agitate and spread the material evenly throughout the Toe, With some quick-set systems, mechanical agitation may extend mix ime. The slurry seal fisture shall have the proper consistency as it enters the spreader box. Spraying of additional water into the spreader box will not be permitted. [front seal shall be utlized to ensure no loss of the mixture at the road contact point. The rear ual shall act as final strike-off and shall be adjustable. The spreader box and rear seal shall be designed and operated to provide uniform mix consistency behind the box. The spreader box shall have suitable means to side shift to compensate for variations in the pavement wich, ‘A burlap drag or other approved screed may be attached to the rear of the spreader Dox fo provide a highly textured uniform surface. A drag stiffened by hardened slury is ineffective and should be replaced immediately. 6.5 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT Suitable surface preparation equipment, traffic control equipment, hand fools, and other Support and safely equipment necessary to perform the work shall be provided by the contractor. CALIBRATION Each mixing unit to be used in performance of the work shall be calibrated in the presence of the BAAR. priorto the start of the project. Previous calibration documentation covering the exact materials {ebe used may be acceptable, provided the calibration was performed during the previous 60 days The documentation shall include an individual calibration of each material at various settings, which UN be related to the machine's metering devices. Any equipment replacement affecting material proportioning requires that the machine be recalibrated. No machine willbe allowed to work on the Froject unt! the calibration has been accepted. ISSA Inspector's Manual describes, a method of ero trine calibration. ISSA contractors and/or machine manufacturers may also provide methods of machine calibration.ISSA AI0S Revised 2010 WEATHER LIMITATIONS “The slurry seal shall not be applied if ether the pavernent or air temperatures below 50°F (10°C) falling, but may be applied when both pavement and airtemperatures are above 45°F (7"C) and ising No slurry seal shall be applied when there is the possibilly of freezing temperatures at the project foeation within 24 hours after application. The mixture shall not be applied when weather conditions prolong opening to traffic beyond a reasonable time, NOTIFICATION AND TRAFFIC CONTROL 9.4 NOTIFICATION Homeowners and businesses affected by the paving shall be notified at least one day in ‘advance of the surfacing. Should work not occur on the specified day, a new notification will be distributed. The notification shall be posted in written form, stating the time and date that the surfacing willtake place. If necessary, signage alerting traffic o the intended project should be posted. a 9.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL ‘Traffic control devices shall be in accordance with agency requirements and, if necessary, conform to the requirements of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Opening to traffic does not constitute acceptance of the work. In areas that are subject to an increased rate of sharp-turning vehicles, additional time may be required for a more complete cure of the slurry seal mat to prevent damage. Tire marks may be evident in these areas after opening but typically diminish over time with rolling traffic. SURFACE PREPARATION 104 GENERAL Prior to applying the slurry seel, loose material, oil spots, vegetation, and other objectionable material shall be removed. Any standard cleaning method will be acceptable. ifwateris used, Cracks shall be allowed to dry thoroughly before slurry surfacing. Manholes, valve boxes, drop inlets and other service entrances shall be protected from the slurry seal by a suitable method, ‘The B.AR. shall approve the surface preparation prior to surfacing. 40.2. TACK COAT Normally, tack coat is not required unless the surface to be covered is extremely dry and raveled or is concrete or brick. If required, the emulsified asphalt should be SS, CSS, or the ‘slury seal emulsion. Consult with the slurry seal emulsion supplier to determine dilution stability. The tack coat may consist of one part emulsified asphaltthree parts water and should be applied with a standard distributor. The distributor shall be capable of applying the dilution evenly at a rate of 0.05-0.15 gal/yd® (0.23-0.68 Um’). The tack coat shall be allowed to cure tuffciently before the application of slurry seal. Ifa tack coatis to be required, it must be noted In the project plans.10.3 ISSA A105 Revised 2010 ‘CRACKS. itis recommended to treat cracks wider than 0.25" (0.64cm) in the pavement surface with an approved crack sealer prior to application of the slurry seal 41, APPLICATION WA GENERAL Itrequired, itis eecommended that a test strip be placed Wconcitions similar to those expected to be encountered during the project. ‘The surface may be wetted with water ahead of the spreader box. The rate of application of the water spray shall be adjusted during the day to suit temperature, surface texture, humidity, and dryness of the pavement, Pooling or standing water shall be avoided. ‘The slurry seal shall be of the desired consistency upon exiting the mixer. A. sufficient amount of material shall be carried in all parts of the spreader box at all times so that complete Coverage is achieved. Overloading of the spreader shall be avoided. No lumping, baling, or unmixed aggregate shall be permitted Signifcant streaks, such as those caused by oversized aggragate or broken mix, shall not be Tehinthe fished surface. Ifexcessive streaking occurs, the job willbe stopped untl the cause tha problem has been corrected. Some situations may require screening the aggregate prior to loading itinto the units going from the stockpile area tothe jobsite, RATE OF APPLICATION ‘The slurry seal mixture shall be of the proper consistency at all times so as to provide the application rate required by the surface condition. The average application rate shall be in accordance with the following table: [ AGGREGATE TYPE, LOCATION ‘SUGGESTED APPLICATION RATE Parking Areas Tye! ‘Urban and Residential Streets oo iy (43-6.5kgim") Airport Rurmays Type tt ‘Urban and Residential Sets 10-18 bis" Aiport Runways 64-98kgi*) Type 15-22 bye" Primary ond inlorstate Routes Porro Po ‘Suggested application rates are based upon the weight of dry aggregate in the mixture. ‘Application rates are affected by the unit weight and gradation of the aggregate and the demand of the surface to which the slurry seal is being applied.12. 14 18 16 “7 ns ISSA A105 Revised 2010 JOINTS No excess buildup, uncovered areas, or unsightly appearance shall be permitted on longitudinal or transverse joints. The contractor shall provide suitable equipment to produce 3 rinimum number of longitudinal joints throughout the project. When possible, a longitudinal jpint shall not be placed in a wheel path. Less than full box width passes will be used only 2s required. If less than full box width passes are used, they shall not be the last pass of any paved area. A maximum of 6 (15.2.cm) shall be allowed for overlap of longitudinal joints. MIXTURE, pe ‘The slury seal shall possess sufficient stabilty so that premature breaking of the material in the spreader box does not occur. The mixture shall be homogeneous during and following mixing and spreading. It shall be free of excess liquids which create segregation of the aggregate. ‘Spraying of additional water into the spreader box will not be permitted, HANDWORK ‘Areas which cannot be accessed by the mixing machine shall be surfaced using hand squeegees to provide complete and uniform coverage. If necessary, the area to be handworked shall be lightly dampened prior to mix placement. Handwork shall exhibit the ‘same finish as that applied by the spreader box and shall be completed prior to final surfacing. LINES Care shall be taken to apply straight lines along curbs, shoulders, and intersections. No run-off con these areas will be permitted. Roofing felt or heavy plastic may be used to begin or end a ull cleanly. This also provides for easy removal of excess slurry. ROLLING Rolling is usually not necessary for slurry seal on roadways. Airports and parking areas should be rolled by a self-propelled, 10-ton (maximum) pneumatic tire roller equipped with a water spray system. All ires should be inflated per manufacturer's specifications. Rolling shall not start until the slurry has cured sufficiently to avoid damage by the roller. Areas which require rolling shall receive a minimum of two (2) full coverage passes. CLEAN UP. ‘Al ullity access areas, gutters and intersections, shall have the slury seal removed as ‘specified by the BAR. The contractor shall remove any debris associated with the performance of the work on a daily basis, QUALITY CONTROL, 124 INSPECTION Inspectors assigned to projects must be fariliar wth the materials, equipment and application of slurry seal. Local conditions and specific project requirements should be considered when determining the parameters of field inspection. 1013. ISSA A105 Revised 2010 Proper mix consistency should be one of the major areas of inspector concem. Ifmixes are too dry, streaking, lumping and roughness will be present in the mat surface. Mixes applied too ‘wet il flow excessively and not hold straight lane lines. Excessive liquids may also cause an ‘asphaltrich surface with segregation. 12.2. MATERIALS ‘To account for aggregate bulking, itis the responsibility of the contractor to check stockpile moisture content and to set the machine accordingly. At the B.A.R.’s discretion, material tests may be run on representative samples of the aggregate and emulsion. Tests will be run at the expense of the buyer. The buyer must notify the contractor immediately if any test fails to meet the specifications. 42.9 SLURRY SEAL If required, representative samples of the slury seal may be taken directly from the slury tnk(a). Consistency (ISSA TB No. 106) and residual asphalt content (ASTM 02172) tests may be runcon the samples. Please note thatthe consistency test may not be applicable to certain ‘Quick: Set and Quick- Traffic systems because of erratic results due to setting characteristics. If this tests run, it must be performed immediately after the sample is taken. Tests willbe run at the expense of the buyer. The buyer must notify the contractor immediately if any test fail to meet specifications. Data obtained from the proportioning devices on the slurry seal unit may be used to determine individual material quantities and application rate. 42.4 NON-COMPLIANCE Ifany two successive tests fall on the stockpile aggregate, the job shall be stopped. If any two successive fests on the mix from the same machine fail, the use of the machine shall be suspended. Itwillbe the responsibilty of the contractor, at his expense, to prove to the BAR, that the problems have been corrected. PAYMENT The slurry seal shall be measured and paid for by the unit area or weight of aggregate and the weight Of emulsion used on the work completed and accepted by the buyer. If paid by the weight of the ‘aggregate and emulsified asphalt, the contractor shall submit to the B.A.R. certifed delivery tickets ‘auch show quantities of each material delivered to the job site and used on the project. Payment Shall be full compensation for all preparation, mixing and application of materials, and for all labor, equipment, tools testing, cleaning, and incidentals necessary to complete the job as specified herein. "ISSA A105 panes 0 APPENDIX A AGENCIES american Association of Stat Highway and Transportation Offitals aan Society forest and Materials International Slurry Surfacing Association TEST METHODS EMULSIFIED. ASPHAL" Taswroresrno. | _ASTMTESTNO. = | M140 Der ‘Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt L oe ae Spee Oia idea a oT pat enc ei a om earns nace oan oe Te a Toa mated a AGGREGATE AND MINERAL FILL! AASHTO TEST NO. [ASTM TEST NO. Test | 1176 D219 ‘Sand Equivalent Value of Sos and Fine Aggregate ‘orMagnesium Sutate Tesisance To Degradation of Smal Size Coarse Aogreoaie by 1 st ‘Abrasion and impact inte Los Angoles Machine (This test shouldbe perormes onthe parent rock tet = wed for ‘lush the fee gradation Micro Suiacing material) T 104 ces “Soundex of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Suto 127 C136 ‘Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates m1 on7 “Test athe for Nalerais Finer than TSpm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral ‘Aggregates by Washing 2 D7 Sampling Aggregates: wir Daz ‘inert Filer for Bturinous Paving Misiores Te om ‘Balk Density CUnit Weight) and Voids in Aggregate 2ISSA A105 Revised 2010 APPENDIX A TEST METHODS (CONTINUED SLURRY SEAL SYSTEM % 4 “Test Method for Wet Track Abrasion of Stury Surfeces {Guide for Sampling Stury Mic for Exracton Test ‘Measurement of Slury Seal Consistency “Test Method for Measurement of Excess Asphalt in Bituminous Morures by Use ofa Loaded: ‘Wheel Testor ‘Outing Guide Design Procedure for Sry Seal ‘Method of Estate Siurry Seal Spread Rates and To Measure Pavement Macrotextue “ial Mx Procedure for Slurry Seal Design Wel Stipping Test for Cured Sury Seal Mixes Determination of Stuy Seal Compatbiiy ‘Method of Classifed Emusifed Asphalt, Aggregate Mixtures by Modified Co Moasuroment of Set and Cure Characteristics ‘Design, Testing, and Construction of Stuy Seal NOTES: ASTM D 3910, Standard Practice for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal, is a combined reference of the ISSA Test Bulletins listed above. ASTM D 2172, Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitumen From Bituminous Paving Mixtures, is referenced in Section 12.3. FrISSA AL0S Revised 2010 Notes: 4ISSA A105 Revised 2010 International Slurry Surfacing Association #3 Church Circle, PMB 250 Annapolis, MD 21404 (410) 267-0023 www.slurry.org:Recommended Performance Guideline For Micro Surfacing A143 (Revised 2010) opegiven, SyTERMay, ° Onis *eogcint NOTICE itis notintended or recommended that this guideline be used as a verbatim specification. Itshould be used as aesrcline. helping user agencies establish their particular project specification. Users should understand that Simnost al geographical areas vary as to the availabilty of materials. An effort should be made to determie Gihat materials are reasonably available, keeping in mind system compatibility and specificjob requirements. Contact ISSA for answers to questions and for a list of ISSA member contractors and companies. International Slurry Surfacing Association #3 Church Circle, PMB 250 Annapolis, MD 21404 (410) 267-0023 yaww.slurry.org {© 2010 by Intemational Sury Surfacing Assocation No repreduetion ofan kind may be made without writen permission of ISSA.ISSA A143 Revised 2010 RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE GUIDELINE FOR MICRO SURFACING 4. SCOPE “The intent ofthis guideline is to aid in the design, testing, quality control, measurement and payment procedures for the application of micro surfacing 2. DESCRIPTION Micro surfacing shall consist of a mixture of polymer-madified emulsified asphatt, mineral aggregate, ater, and additives, proportioned, mixed and uniformly spread over a properly prepared surface a rected by the Buyers Authorized Representative (BA.R.). Micro surfacing should be capable of performing in variable thickness cross-sections such as ruts, scratch courses and milled surfaces ‘fter curing and intial traffic consolidation, it should resist further compaction. The micro surfacing anal be applied as a homogeneous mat, adhere firmly to the prepared surface, and have a skid- resistant texture throughout its service life. Micro surfacing is quick-traffic system that allows traffic to return shortly after placement. Normally, these systems are required to accept straight, rolling traffic on a 0.6 in (12.7 mm) thick surface within ‘one hour after placement in specific application conditions. Stopping and starting traffic may require ‘additional curing time. 3. SPECIFICATIONS Itis normally not required to specify all tests for every project. A compilation of the results from the listed tests should be indicative of system performance. Failure to meet requirements for an individual teat doos not necessarily disqualify the system. Hf, for example, the system to be used on the project has a record of good performance, an individual test result may be waived. Agency and testing methods are listed in the appendix (see Appendix A) and form a part ofthis guideline. 4. MATERIALS 44 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT 444 GENERAL ‘The emulsified asphalt shall be polymer modified. The polymer material shall be milled or blended into the asphalt or emulsifier solution prior to the emulsification process. In general, a three percent (3%) polymer solids, based on asphalt weight, is considered minimum.ISSA ALS Revised 2010 44.2 QUALITY TESTS “The emulsified asphalt, and emulsified asphalt residue, shall meet the requirements Of AASHTO M 208 or ASTM D 2397 for COS-1h, with the following exceptions: Tea = TESTES —Tsrrcircarion | Test as SRO TASTE ‘SPECIFICATION “Getlemant and Storage Sabiiy of im it id 6000 1% Ma ‘Dislition of Emusiied Asphalt Ts Deer eee Minimo “Texts on Emulsiied Residue ‘Satering Port of itamen (Ring-and-B=H | +53 p26 | 196° (67°C) Minimum | netraton of Burinaus Maleals al oe oa arrest) Lt "The temperature for this test should be held at 350°F (177°C) for 20 minutes. 2 The cimatic conditions should be considered when establishing this range. ‘The solubility test, if required, should be evaluated on the base asphalt. Each load of emulsified asphalt shall be accompanied with a Certificate of ‘Analysis/Compliance to indicate that the emulsion meets specification. 42 AGGREGATE 424 GENERAL “The mineral aggregate used shall be the type specified for the particular application requirements of the micro surfacing. The aggregate shall be a crushed stone such a2 granite, slag, imestone, chat, or other high-quality aggregate, or combination thereof, To assure the material is 100 percent crushed, the parent aggregate will be larger than the largest stone in the gradation used. 4.2.2 QUALITY TESTS “The aggregate should meet agency specified polishing values and these minimum requirements: _ TEST METHOD. Test EST METHOD PECIFICATION SuaeqaTeT Vane EMSIRS | rire | Dato Smut “Seundness of Ragregates by Use of Tae | cas] RR NBRM WAS. Sodium Suite of Magnesium Sufale 25% Maxum wMlgSOs sistance to Dogradation of Smal-Sze Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and tee | crt 0% Maximum chine Los Angeles Machine "The abrasion test run on the parent aggregate.423 ISSA ALa3 Revised 2010 GRADATION When tested in accordance with AASHTO T 27 (ASTM G 136) and AASHTO T 11 (ASTM G 117), the mix design aggregate gradation shall be within one of the following bands (or one recognized by the local paving authority). Nee aan | rencenr | pence | STOCKPILE SIZE PASSING PASSING TOLERANCE, 38 (85mm) 100 100 #4 (475mm) 90-100 70-90 5% #8 (236mm) 65-90 45-70 25% #16 (1.18 mm) 48-70 28-80 5% #30 (600um) 0-50 19-94 5% #50 _(320um) 18-30 12-25 4% ‘100 (180 um) 10-21 7218 23% #200 (7S um) 5-15 5-15 22% “The gradation of the aggregate stockpile shall not vary by more than the stockpil tolerance {rom the mix design gradation (indicated in the table above) while also remaining within the specification gradation band, The percentage of aggregate passing any two successive sieves shall not change from one end of the specified Fange to the other end. ‘The aggregate willbe accepted at the job location or stockpile based on five gradation tests sampled according to AASHTO T 2 (ASTM D 75). Ifthe average of the five tests is within the stockpile tolerance from the mix design gradation, the material will ‘accepted. If the average of those test results is out of specification or tolerance, the ‘contractor will be given the choice to either remove the material or blend additional ‘aggregate with the stockpile material to bring it into compliance. Materials used in blending must meet the required aggregate quality test specifications in Section 4.2.2 before blending and must be blended in a manner to produce a consistent gradation. ‘Aggregate blending may require a new mix design. ‘Screening shall be required at the stockpile if there are any problems created by oversized materials in the rix. ‘Type I. This aggregate gradation is used to fil surface voids, address surface disiresses, seal, and provide a durable wearing surface. ‘Type Ill. This aggregate gradation provides maximum skid resistance and an improved wearing surface. This type of micro surfacing surface is appropriate for heavily traveled pavements, rut filing, or for placement on highly textured surfaces requiring larger size aggregate to fill voids. 443 aa 48 ISSA A143 Revised 2010 MINERAL FILLER Mineral filer may be used to improve mixture consistency and to adjust mixture breaking and curing properties. Portland cement, hydrated lime, limestone dust, fly ash, or other approved filer meeting the requirements of ASTM D 242 shall be used if required by the mix desion. Typical use levels are normally 0.0 - 3.0 percent and may be considered part of the aggregate gradation, WATER “The water shall be free of harmful salts and contaminants. ithe quality of the water is question, it should be submitted to the laboratory with the other raw materials forthe mix design. ADDITIVES ‘Additives may be used to accelerate or retard the break/set of the micro surfacing, ‘Appropriate additives, and their applicable use range, should be approved by the laboratory {as part of the mix design.ISSA A143, Revised 2010 5. LABORATORY EVALU) IN 6A 82 GENERAL Before the work begins, the contractor shall submit a signed mix design covering the specific materials to be used on the project. This design will be performed by a laboratory which has ‘experience in designing miero surfacing. After the mix design has been approved, no ‘material substitution will be permitted unless approved by the BAR. ISSA can provide a list of laboratories experienced in micro surfacing design. MIX DESIGN Compatibilty of the aggregate, polymer-modified emulsified asphalt, water, mineral filer, ‘other additives shall be evaluated in the mix design. The mix design shall be completed materials consistent with those supplied by the contractor for the project. Recommended tests and values are as follows: TEATENG, | Wix Tine @ 77F @5CY T8113 arivaabe to 120 Seconds Wirmams | ‘Wet Cohesion €@ 20 Motos Minimum (Se) Ta1s0 $24g-em nim (@ 60 nutes Mrs atc) 20 4g-am or Near Spin Minimum Tat Te Fass SOR TU Wet Track Abrasion Ls COnw-nour Soak T8100 50 gf (638 gm?) Maximum Steday Soak 750 207 gi) Maximum TaeralDaplacemerit Masia ‘Speci Gravy ate 1,000 Cydes of veur 1251 (66.71 9) 2.10 Maximum ices Rapa by CWT Sar ation | T8709 HR 8 gr Naam Chssieaion Compaiby Tar rade Pts Minka (ABA, BAY job x ‘The Wet Track Abrasion Testis performed under laboratory conditions as a component of the mix design process. The purpose of this testis to determine the minimum asphalt content required in a micro surfacing system. The Wet Track Abrasion Test isnot recommended as a field quality contro! or acceptance test. ISSA TB 136 describes potential causes for inconsistent results of the Wet Track Abrasion Test. “The mixing testis used to predict the lenath of time the material can be mixed before itbegins to break. It can be a good reference check to verify consistent sources of material. The laboratory should verify that mix and set times are appropriate for the climatic conditions expected during the project. “The laboratory shall aso report the quantitative effects of moisture content on the unit weight of the aggregate (bulking effect) according to AASHTO T1 9 (ASTM C29).6. ISSA AL43 Revised 2010 ‘The percentage of each individual material required shall be shown in the laboratory report Based on field conditions, adjustments within the specific ranges of the mix design may be required, ‘The component materials shall be designed within the following limits: [COMPONENT MATERIALS ‘SUGGESTED LIMITS ] Residual Asphalt 5.5- 10.5% by dry weight of aggregate Mineral Filer (0.0 3.0% by dry weight of egaregate Polymer Content Minimum of 3.0% solids based on bitumen weight content aaaiives Asneeded Water ‘As required to produce propor mix consistency EQUIPMENT 64 6.2 63 64 GENERAL ‘All equipment, tools, and machines used in the application of micro surfacing shall be ‘maintained in satisfactory working condition at all times. MIXING EQUIPMENT “The machine shall be specifically designed and manufactured to apply micro surfacing. The ‘material shall be mixed by an automatic-sequenced, self-propelled micro surfacing mixing machine. It shall be a continuous-flow mixing unit that accurately delivers and proportions the ix components through a revolving mutt-blade, double-shafted mixer. Sufficient storage capacity for all mix components is required to maintain en adequate supply to the proportioning controls. To minimize construction joints, the specified machine must be ‘Capable of loading materials while continuing to apply micro surfacing. The continuous-run machine shall be equipped to provide the operator with full control of the forward and reverse ‘speeds during application. It shall be equipped with opposite-side driver stations to assist in alignment. The selt-loading device, opposite-side driver stations, and forward and reverse Speed controls shall be of original-equipment-manufacturer design. PROPORTIONING DEVICES Individual volume or weight controls for proportioning mix components shall be provided and properly labeled. These proportioning devices are used in material calibration to determine the material output at any time. SPREADING EQUIPMENT ‘The mixture shall be agitated and spread uniformly in the surfacing box by means of twin- shafted paddles or spiral augers fixed in the spreader box. A front seal shall be provided to insure no loss of the mixture at-the road contact point. The rear seal shall act as a final strike-off and shall be adjustable. The spreader box and rear strike-off shall be so designed ‘and operated that a uniform consistency is achieved and a free flow of material is provided to the rear sirke-off. The spreader box shall have suitable means provided to side shif the box 7Tt ISSA AL3 Revised 2010 to compensate for variations in the pavement geometry. 6.4.1 SECONDARY STRIKE-OFF Asecondary strike-off shall be provided to improve surface texture. The secondary ‘strike-off shall be adjustable to match the width of the spreader box and allow for varying pressures to control the surface texture. 64.2 RUT-FILLING EQUIPMENT ‘When project plans require, Micro Surfacing material may be used to filruts, utility cuts, depressions in the existing surface, etc. Ruts of 0.5 in (12.7 mm). or greater in depth, shall be filed independently with a rutin box, either § (1.5m) or 6 (1.8 m) in width. Rts that are in excess of 1.5in (38.1 mm) in depth may require muttiple applications with the rutfiling box to restore the cross-section. When rutting or deformation is less than 0.5 in (12.7mrm), a full width scratch course may be applied whith the spreader box using a metal or stiff rubber strike-off. Apply ata sufficient rate to level the pavement surface. The leveling course may, or may not, meet the suggested application rate in the table in Section 11.2. All rutfling and level-up material should cure under traffic for atleast twenty-four (24) hours before additional ‘material is placed. 6.5 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT Suitable surface preparation equipment, traffic control equipment, hand tools, and other ‘support and safety equipment necessary to perform the work shall be provided by the contractor. CALIBRATION Each mixing unit to be used in the performance of the work shall be calibrated in the presence of the BAR. priorto the start of the project. Previous calibration documentation covering the exact materials to be used may be acceptable, provided that no more than 60 days have lapsed. The ‘documentation shall include an individual calibration of each material at various settings that can be related to the machine metering devices. Any component replacement affecting material proportioning requires that the machine be recalibrated. No machine will be allowed to work on the project until the calibration has been completed andlor accepted. ISSA Inspector's Manual describes a method of machine calibration. ISSA contractors and/or machine manufacturers may also provide methods of machine calibration. WEATHER LIMITATIONS Micro surfacing shall not be applied if either the pavement or air temperature is below 50°F (10°C) ‘and falling, but may be applied when both pavement and air temperatures are above 45°F (7°C) and fising. No micro surfacing shall be applied when there is the possibility of freezing temperatures at the project location within 24 hours after application. The micro surfacing shall not be applied when weather conditions prolong opening to traffic beyond a reasonable time.10. ISSA AMS Revised 2010 NOTIFICATION AND TRAFFIC CONTROL 94 NOTIFICATION Homeowners and businesses affected by the construction shall be notified atleast one day in Savance of the surfacing. Should work not occur on the specified day, a new notification will fe istrbuted, The notification shall be in the form ofa writen posting, stating the time and Gate thatthe surfacing will take place. If necessary, signage alerting traffic to the intended project should be posted. 9.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL ‘Traffic control devices shal be in accordance with agency requirements and, if necessary, conform to the requirements of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Opening to traffic does not constitute acceptance of the work. SURFACE PREPARATION 49.4 GENERAL Immediately prior to applying the micro surfacing, the surface shall be cleared of all loose material, sit spots, vegetation, and other objectionable material. Any standard cleaning method willbe acceptable. Ifwater is used, cracks shal be allowed to dry thoroughly before ‘epplying micro surfacing. Manholes, valve boxes, drop inlets and other service entrances shallbe protected from the micro surfacing by a suitable method. The BAR, shall approve the surface preparation prior to surfacing. 102 TACK GOAT Normally, tack coat is not required unless the surface to be covered is extremely dry and raveled Oris concrete or brick. If required, the emulsified asphalt should be SS, CSS, or the tricro surfacing emulsion. Consult with the micro surfacing emulsion supplier to determine Uliation stability, The tack coat may consist of one part emulsified asphaltthree parts water ‘and should be applied with a standard distributor. The distributor shall be capable of applying the dilution evenly at a rate of 0.05-0.15 gallyd® (0.23-0.68 Vim’). The tack coat shall be allowed to cure sufficiently before the application of micro surfacing, Ifa tack coat is to be required, it must be noted in the project plans. 40.3 CRACKS Itis recommended to treat cracks wider than 0.25" (0.64cm) in the pavement surface with ‘an approved crack sealer prior to application of the slurry seal APPLICATION 414 GENERAL If required, a test strip should be placed in conditions similar to those expected to be ‘encountered during the project. When local conditions warrant, the surface shall be fogged with water ahead of the spreader 9M2 11.3 14 ISSA A143 Revised 2010 box. The rate of application of the fog spray may be adjusted as the temperature, surface texture, humidity, and dryness of the pavement change. The micro surfacing shall be of the appropriate consistency upon leaving the mixer. A sufficient amount of material shall be carried in all parts of the spreader at all times so that complete coverage is obtained. Overloading ofthe spreader box shall be avoided. No lumps or unmixed aggregate shall be permitted. No dry aggregate either spilled from the lay-down ‘machine or existing on the road, will be permitted. No streaks, such as those caused by oversized aggregate or broken mix, shall be left in the finished surface. If excessive streaking develops, the job will be stopped until the contractor proves to the BAR. thatthe situation has been corrected. Excessive streaking is defined as fhore than four drag marks greater than 0.5 in (12.7 mm) wide and 4.0 in (101 mm) long, or 41:0 in (25.4 mm) wide and 3.0 in (76.2 mm) long, in any 29.9 yd" (25 m?) area. No transverse ripples or longitudinal streaks of 0.25 in (6.4 mm) in depth will be permitted, when measured by placing a 10 ft (3 m) straight edge over the surface. RATE OF APPLICATION ‘The micro surfacing mixture shall be of the proper consistency at all times so as to provide the application rate required by the surface condition. The application rate shall be in accordance with the table below. AGGREGATE TYPE LOCATION ‘SUGGESTED APPLICATION RATE Type Urban and Residential Streets 10-20 yd" ‘Arpod Runways (64-108 Kon’) ‘Scratch or Leveling Course ‘As Roguired ‘Type Primary and Inerstate Routes 15-20 bye? (04-163 Koln?) Wheel Ruts ‘As Required (See Appendix 8) ‘Scratch or Leveling Course ‘As Required ‘Suggested application rates are based upon the weight of dry aggregate in the mixture. ‘Application rates are affected by the unit weight and gradation of the aggregate and the demand of the surface to which the micro surfacing is being applied. JOINTS No excess buildup, uncovered areas, or unsightly appearance shall be permitted on longitudinal or transverse joints. The contractor shall provide suitable width spreading ‘equipment to produce a minimum number of longitudinal cints throughout the project. When possible, longitudinal joints shall be placed on lane lines. Partial width passes will only De Used when necessary and shall not be the last pass of any paved area. A maximum of 3.0 in (76.2 mm) shall be allowed for overlap of longitudinal joints. Also, the joint shall have no more than a 0.25 in (6.4 mm) difference in elevation when measured by placing a 10 f (3m) straight edge over the joint and measuring the elevation difference, MIXTURE “The micro surfacing shall possess sufficient stability so that premature breaking of the material in the spreader box does not occur. The mixture shall be homogeneous during {and following mixing and spreading. It shall be free of excess liquids which create Segregation of the aggregate. Spraying of additional water into the spreader box will not 1015 118 18 ISSA A143 Revised 2010 be permitted. HANDWORK ‘Areas which cannot be accessed by the mixing machine shall be surfaced using hand ‘squeegees to provide complete and uniform coverage. If necessary, the area to be hand worked shall be lightly dampened prior to mix placement. As much as possible, handwork shall exhibit the same finish as that applied by the spreader box. All handwork shall be ‘completed prior to final surfacing. LINES Lines at intersections, curbs, and shoulders will be kept ‘iraight to provide @ good appearance. If necessary, a suitable material will be used fo mask off the end of streets to provide straight ines. Longitudinal edge lines shall not vary by more than #2 in (& 1 mm) horizontal variance in any 96 ft (29 m) of length. ROLLING sssary for micro surfacing on roadways. Airports and parking areas should be rolled by a self-propelled, 10-fon (maximurn) pneumatic tie roller equipped with a water spray system. All res should be inflated per manufacturer's specifications. Rolling ‘shall not start until the micro surfacing has cured sufficiently to avoid damage by the roller. ‘Areas which require rolling shall receive a minimum of two (2) full coverage passes. Rolling s usually not CLEAN UP. Allutilty access areas, gutters and intersections, shall have the micro surfacing removed as ‘specified by the BAR. The contractor shall remove any debris associated with the ‘performance of the work on a daily basis. QUALITY CONTROL 424 122 INSPECTION Inspectors assigned to projects must be familiar wth the materials, equipment and application ‘of micro surfacing, Local conditions and specific project requirements should be considered when determining the parameters of feld inspection. Proper mix consistency should be one of the major areas of inspector concem. if mixes are too dry, streaking, lumping and roughness will be present in the mat surface. Mixes applied too wet will flow excessively and not hold straight lane lines. Excessive liquids may also ‘cause an asphalt-rich surface with segregation. MATERIALS To account for aggregate bulking, itis the responsibilty of the contractor to check stockpile moisture content and to set the machine accordingly. At the B.A.R.'s discretion, material tests may be run on representative samples of the aggregate and emulsion. 1"13. 123 124 ISSA A143 Revised 2010 ‘Tests will be run at the expense of the buyer. The buyer must notify the contractor immediately if any test fails to meet the specifications. MICRO SURFACING if required, representative samples of the micro surfacing may be taken directly from the thiae surfacing machine. Residual asphalt content (ASTM 02172) tests may be run onthe Jamples athe expense of the buyer. The buyer mustnotily the contractor immediately itany test fails to meet specifications. Data obtained from the proportioning devices on the micro ‘machine may be used to determine individual material ‘quantities and application NON-COMPLIANCE, Itany two successive tests fail on the stockpile aggregate, the job shall be stopped. If any two successive tests on the mix from the same machine fail, the use of the machine shall be Suspended. It will be the responsibilty of the contractor, at his expense, to prove to the BAAR. that the problems have been corrected. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT A AREA On smaller projects, the method of measurement and payment is usually based on the area covered, measured in square feet, square yards, or square meters. 43.2. TONS AND GALLONS (On larger projects of over 50,000 yd? (41,806 m") measurement and payment are usually based on the tons of aggregate and the gallons (liters) of emulsified asphalt used. ‘Aggregate delivery tickets or printed tickets from certified scales at the staging area shall be lused for measurement. The emulsified asphalt used on the project will be measured by the ‘cerlfed tickets for each load delivered, Emulsified asphalt not used shall be deducted from the job total. PAYMENT ‘The micro surfacing shall be paid for by the unit area or the weight of the aggregate and the emulsified asphalt used on the project and accepted by the BAR. Payment shall be full ‘compensation for all preparation, mixing and application of materials, and for all labor, equipment, foul, testing, cleaning, and incidentals necessary to complete the job es specified herein. 12ISSA ALS Revised 2010 APPENDIX A AGENCIES AGENCIES. AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ASTM: ‘American Society for Testing and Materials ISSA: International Slurry Surfacing Association TEST METHODS EMULSIFIED ASPHALT — T jasnrorestno, | _ ASTITESTNO. rest L 208 Dae Spectcaton fr Catoric Emi Asphat Te cry Sterent and Scrape Subly of Emuiled Aap a em io SES a ma aT 140 uo Sarin Brnous Motor T= Daa Test Metods ana races fr Emule Asphals RESIDUE FROM EMULSIFIED ASPHALT ~—— AASHTO TEST NO. ASTM TEST NO. Test 153 D3 Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus) T39 os Penetration of Btuminous Materials 8ISSA A143, Revised 2010 APPENDIX A TEST METHODS (CONTINUED) AGGREGATE AND MINERAL FILLER [AASHTO TEST NO. ASTM TEST NO. Test THe Daae Sand Equnalent Value of Sas and Fine Aggresste “Seunrdness of Aggregetes by Use of Soaiom Sutate {oo ce Sen oan Resistance to Degradation of SmalrSize Coarse Aggredate Dy a an “Abrasion and Impect in the Los Angeles Machine (his toot shouldbe performed on te parent rock thats used for ‘crushing th finer gradation Miro Surfacing materi.) Cis ‘Sieve Analyals of Fine and Coarse Aggregaios oT, "Tout Walhod Yor Nalriais Finer than Toy (No. 200) Seve in Winerl ‘Agategates by Washing Om ‘Sampling Aggreonios Daz Tinea Fifer for Bturtinous Paving Miskures cd Talk Denay CUnKWeightVand VeidsinAggreaate i MIX DESIGN ISSA TEST NO. Test A Design, Teli and Conarion of Wiss Sur TEi00 Wie Track Abrasion of Slury Seals Ta 108 Eicess Asal by LWT Sond Aahosion Tei Trine Tate Tee Sn Tea for Cured Say Seal es es “Causes oT inconsistency of Wet Track Abrasion Test (WTAT) Resa Tee _CasaiaionCompaiiy by Use of te Schulze Breve and Ruck Procedure | NOTES: ASTM D 6372, Standard Practice for Design, Testing, and Construction of Micro Surfacing, is 2 combined reference of the ISSA Test Bulletins listed above. ASTM D 2172, Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Bitumem From Bituminous Paving Mixtures, is referenced in Section 12.3. 14ISSA ALS Revised 2010 APPENDIX B REPROFILING RUTTED WHEELPATHS WITH MICRO SURFACING Fores Z inch (mm) of micro surfacing mix, add 0.125 in (3.2 mm) to 0.25 in (6.4 mm) as a crown to allow for compaction under traffic. Original Pavement Profile Micro Surfacing Mix Rut in Wheelpath [ RutDenth er Surfacing Quantity Needed [05-078 (127-19.4 mm) 20-30 yet 408-1639?) 075-100" (194-254 nm) 25-25 mye" (13619040 1.00- 1.25" (25.4 -31.75 mm) 28-38 Ioiyd™ (15.2- 20.6 kg/m?) 32-40 Ryo” (17.4 -21.7 kim?)ISSA A143 Revised 2010 wERNay, *eagcint International Slurry Surfacing Association #3 Church Circle, PMB 250 Annapolis, MD 21401 (410) 267-0023 ‘www. slurry.ord:INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 100 1st Issued 1969 ‘st Revision 1970 2nd Revision 1978 3rd Revision 1990, ‘ath Revision 2005, Test Method for Wet Track Abrasion of Slurry Surfaces 4. Scope 11 This test method covers measurement of the wearing qualities of slurry seal mixture systems under wet abra sion conditions, 2. Summary of Method 21 Asslurry mixture of fine graded aggregate, asphalt emul- sion and watet Is prepared to a homogeneous flowing consistency. The mixture may contain Portland cement, hydrated lime and/or other additives. The freshly pre- pared mixture is cast and struck off lush into the circular ‘opening of the specified mold resting on a circlet of heavy roofing ftt ‘Afler removal of the mold the specimen is cured by dry- ing to @ constant weight at 140°F(60°C), The cured slurry is immersed in a 77°F(25°C) water bath for a pa- fiod of 1 hour (or 6 days for system classification), then ‘mechanically abraded under walter with 2 weighted rub- ber hose for a specified time (5 minutes). The abraded specimen is washed free of debris, dried to 140°F(60°C) land weighed. The loss in weight is expressed in total {grams lost or in grams lost per unit area such as grams per square meter or grams per square foot. 22 3. Significance 3.1 The Wet Track Abrasion Test is a simulated performance test which has been correlated to the wearing qualities of field applied slurry seals. The test establishes the mini- mum permissible emulsion content of a given system. 3.2. System Classification of long term moisture susceptibility ‘may be determined by use of the 6-day soak procedure. 4. Apparatus Scale, capable of weighing 5,000 grams to within + 1.0 gram. Planetary type mechanical mixer such as the Hobart C- 100, N-50, oF A-120 equipped with an 2.27 kg. Abrasion head, quick clamp mounting plate and flat bottom metal pan Suitable rust resistant round bottom bow! to contain sam- ple during mixing. Long-handled mixing spoon of sufficient length to project 44°(100mm) or more out of the mixing bow! during mixing, ‘Supply of 11.26" (286 mm) diameter discs cut from 30 Ib. (13.6 kg) saturated roofing fet. Suitable specimen molds of specified depth (1/4" (6.25 mm) is standard) and specified inside diameter: 11° (273.4mm) for the C-100 and A-120 mixers and 9%"(247.7 mm) for the N-80 mixer. A raised lip mold is preferred but a flat surface polymethyl methacrylate mold is satisfactory. ‘Mold stike-off apparatus such as a 30 to 36 mm window squeegee, 25 mm diameter x 350 mm wooden dowel or 43 44 45 48 az 1991 48 49 4.10 52 53 54 55 56 ‘a mechanically tracked one-pass squeegee. Forced draft oven thermostatically controlled at 140°F(60°C) + 5.4°F(3°C) conforming to the require- ments of ASTM E145 Type 118. Constant temperature water T7°F(25°C) + 1.8°F(1°C). Reinforced. rubber covered hose made of 80° Shore hardness rubber conforming to ISO 48 and reinforced with a double cord surface capable of withstanding a pressure of 2.533 MPa (standard atmosphere). The hose is 3/4 inch ID x 1/4 inch wall thickness (19 mm 1D x 6.25 mm wall), The hose is cut into § inch lengths (127mm). When using the drilled nose abrasion head, the hose is drilled with 2 paired Smm holes aligned on 107mm centers on one side only. Holes are driled 90° to the convex or concave sides. Holes are not neces- sary when using the quick-change rigid mandrel abra- sion head. ‘Wooden prop block or device to support the pan and ‘mounting plate assembly during the test. bath controlled at Procedure for Preparation of Test Specimen ‘The proper ratio of Portland cement, hydrated lime andlor other additives, water and asphalt emulsion to the dry weight of the aggregate shall be predetermined inthe laboratory or by a functional job mix formula pre~ viously accepted by the project engineer. Spilt or quarter a sufficient amount of the air-dried ag- gfegate passing a No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve to obtain at least 800 grams in one quarter (700 grams when using the N-50 machine). y Weigh 1.76 Ibs.(800 9) of aggregate into the mixing owl. Using the spoon, dry mix the Portland cement (or hydrated lime) into the aggregate for one minute or unt uniformly distributed. Add the predetermined amount of water (to obtain a 2.5 to 3 cm consistency) and mix again for one minute or untl all aqgregate particles are Uniformly wetted. Finally, add the predetermined ‘amount of emulsion and mix for a period of not less than one minute end not more than three minutes. Quick-Set ‘and Quick-Traffic systems should be mixed and cast at 30 seconds and finished in no more than 45 seconds total working time. Center the opening in the specimen mold on the 286mm diameter disc of roofing felt. Immediately pour the slurry onto the roofing felt disc. ‘Squeegee or screed the slurry level with the top of the ‘mold with a minimum of manipulation (excessive squee- geeing contributes to segregation). Discard excess material Remove the mold and place the molded specimen in the 140°F(60°C) oven and dry to constant weight (minimum 15 hours drying time). 100-4Ute eh et Ye ve pt ‘CAP SCREWS @)-20 NOx” 1 tame J eee at a ae ei (220 Nox (eye tec (MACHINE SCREWS. Conversion Table Inches | _mm we | _088Hobart C-100 1991INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION No. 106 TECHNICAL BULLETIN Jeans tora 4st Revision 1978 #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 2nd Revision 1990, rd Revision 2005, Measurement of Slurry Seal Consistency From the beginnings of Slurry Surfacing, the industry has known the importance of slurry ma consistency. Various methods of measuring consistency have been devised, eluding the Funnel Flow Test, Inclined Plane Test and Stick Test. The Kansas Department of Transportation has used for several years a test we call “the Kansas Cone Consistency Test” or ‘simply, the “Cone Test.” This test gives a numerical value to consistency. The procedure is now internationally recognized as an industry standard. CONE CONSISTENCY TEST The cone test is used to determine the amount of water required to form a stable, workable mixture. This test uses the sand absorption cone described in ASTM C-128 or AASHTO T-84 and a base flow scale. The Cone is a hollow .&mm metal frustrum, 75 mm high with 40 mm top and 90 mm bottom diameters. The flow scale has 7 concentric circles inscribed on an industrial tile or metal sheet or paper in one centimeter increasing radii from the circle formed by the large end of the cone. Several trial mixtures are made using 400 grams of combined aggregate at ambient temperature, optimum emulsion and varied water contents. The cone is centered on the flow scale and after 30 seconds of thorough mixing the cone is loosely filled, struck off and immediately removed with a smooth vertical motion. The outflow of the slurry is measured at four points 90° apart, averaged and recorded as “__cm. flow@_% added mix water.” D [Optimum is considered as 2.5 om. radial flow with limits of 2.9 om. to 3.0 cm. and a ; reproducibility of £0.25 cm. Design work should be performed with all the actual project materials and should simulate field conditions of temperature and stockpile moisture expected. Note: This test may not be applicable to certain Quick-Set and Quick-Traffic Systems because of erratic results due to their setting characteristics. ©1991 eiLeft: Extreme drainage indi- cates lack of fines or filler. Requires reformu- lation. Right: Same aggregate and emulsion with 2% added cement and 1% more mix water gives optimum 2.5 cm. flow Left: Optimum formulation gives 2.5 cm. flow Same formulation with Right: slag is much too wet @ 6.0 cm. flow. Each ma- terial requires its own formulation D Each aggregate-filler- emulsion system has its own mix water/flow characteris- tics. The recommended lim- its on this curve allow a total range of 1% RECOMMENDED FLOW LIMITS 1 1 1 ' 1 T= OPTIMUM MIX WATER, 1 1 8 10 OT (12 MiX WATER ADDED - PERCENT e991 106-3INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis No. 107 August 1976 4st Revision 1978 2nd Revision 1990, Maryland 21401 ‘rd Revision 2005 A Method for Unit Field Control of Slurry Seal Quantities ‘The objective of this bulletin is to aid operators and i 5. Calibration of each machine to be used on the job is Spectors to control the field material quantities and ap- essential, and is normally done by the contractor in ac plication rates so that design results are obtained. The cordance with the manufacturers instructions. The pro- ‘method is essentially to translate laboratory design into cedure involves weighing each material as it is dis- field units of gallons tons end bags and to measure charged at either a unit time per RPM and setting, or unit these during application umber of revolutions of the drive at various settings, ISSA A-105 Recommended Performance Guidelines for ‘The results are then plotted on a reference chart. Emulsified Asphalt Slurry Seal Surfaces, 2005, requires 6, Calibrated liquid level gauges of the float ball or sight that all materials to be incorporated into the work, be ‘gauge type should be mounted in the tanks of the slurry selected and tested and a laboratory mix design be machine so that they can be easily read to within 10 gal made and tested on a Wet Track Abrasion machine tons from the operator's platform or from the ground. (WTAT) prior to starting the work. 7. The exact residual AC content of each tanker load of ‘The laboratory should furnish the operator and inspec emulsion should be plainly marked on the load tickets lor the essential design information as shown in the ex- ‘0 that changes affecting the design can be make in ma- ample below. chine settings by use of the table on page 2 for field de- The “Bulking effect of moisture contents on the termination of residual AC in slurry seals. specific weight (pounds per cubic foot of dry aggregates) 8. Mix Consistency may be controlled by the Kansas Cone may be field checked by weighing a given volume of ‘Method described in ISSA TB #108 or by direct control of loose job aggregate and converting to weight per cubic imix water used, and transiating to the laboratory design foot By comparison the laboratory chart, moisture con- {as shown in the table on page two. tents can be estimated and corrections made in machine 9. Daily Control Log form is shown on page three which settings as indicated. Each aggregate has its own bulk- ing characteristies. hhas been successfully used. Provision is made for re- ‘cording the quantities used on each load. Comparison with actual and design quantities can then be made di rectly in the field Laboratory Design for Field Control -EXAMPLE- Optimum Lab Design Control Quantities Tolerances 9) Aggregate 100.0% b) Filler’ Type PO-11 1.0% 2 bags/10 tons + 12 bag c) Mix Water" 12.0% 29galston (1211) 1% 4d) Cone Flow Consistency 25cm, £ 075m e) AC Target Extraction 10.5% £ 1.5% f) Emulsion” @ 61.0% Residual AC 17.2% 44.0 galston (1710) 1.7% 9) Design wiath 20.0 (6.6m) 2lanes x 10/(3.05m) + 0.5(.152m) OA h) Spread Reto i) Lineal ton @ 10 f. Lane Width }) Aggregate Specific Weight ve. Moisture Content Moisture Content Moisture Ibs.? Loose Dry Ibs tof Moist Agg. % DryWet 0% 96.4 (1544.1 koi?) 96.4 (1544.1 kgim?) 100.0 1 ~ 95.4 (1528.1 kai?) 94.5 (1513.7 kam’) 98.0 2 83.6 (1339.1 kgim*) 81.9 (1311.9 kg/m) 84.9 3 79.7 (1276.6 kgim*) ‘77.3 (1238.2 kg/m) 80.1 4 79.0 (1265.4 kg/m?) 75.8 (1214.2 kgim?) 786 5 78.0 (1249.4 kgm!) 74.1 (1186.9 kgimm) 768 6 77.9 (12478 kgim?) 73.2 (1172.5 kgim) 759 415.0 lbs SY (8.14 kai’) 193.0 SY¥fton (123 m°A) 120.0 LFiton (40.3 mit) 2.0 Ibs /SY(1 kal") * Percent added to the dry weight of the aggregate ©1991 Note: Unit (t) = metric ton 407-1| sire | a i - | 6 8 L | 9 | 9 | > e | | z | 1 za so) 2)2lsslpzleele rlelselelslelel:l+tlzs 33 25] 2] 8 [8s lez/38| 8) a] e {ss} s [a] e]s ] se] se eB ze go] 2] F |s2|e5/3a| * ga} & 5 a [3/8 ag g3) 3 2° | 38)~8 8 2 [2/7 a SWWN io 5 iaauis| _ (ULlw) uovAs ubisea = (uoy)) uoyie6 uisaq = (voy)) uoye6 ubisaq Ho Gvou Suv avauds NoIstANa uBLVAA suvos¥oov tog (Hu) AS (wo) uy “Bumiag seuuny xog ON 4oeRW F @ an ON ueWMarD OV “voIsinura @ on-wew| BF a Wd 39 ga auiy pu me 4% “aunisiony 2 on-wen| 28 a + wi, ueIs someon (.u69) ai) ‘21eBu66y ON “yoeW waye007 ied fea ~ ON 40r a 107.3 ©1991INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 109 Issued 1976 1st Revision 1978 2nd Revision 1990, 31d Revision 2005, Test Method for Measurement of Excess Asphalt In Bituminous Mixtures by Use of a Loaded Wheel Tester and Sand Adhesion 4.0 Scope 111 The loaded wheel testis intended to compact fine aggre- gale bituminous mixtures such as slurry seal by means of a loaded, rubber tired reciprocating wheel. The test ‘may be used for design purposed to establish maximunt— limits of asphalt content and enable the mix designer to ‘avoid severe asphalt flushing under heavy traffic loads. 1.2 Various accessory measurements may also be made during this test to study compaction rates and plastic deformation of mono and multiple layered bituminous ‘mixture specimens. Refer to ISSA TB#104, “Test Method for Measurement of Stability and Resistance to Compaction, Vertical and Lateral Displacement of Multlayered Fine Aggregate Cold Maes. 2.0 Apparatus and Materials 2.1 Loaded Wheel Testing machine as shown in Figures 1 ‘and 2 consisting of the following main components: Frame of adjustable steel channel Mounting plate for specimens 113 HP, 1750 RPM flanged motor 40:1 horizontal double output shaft gear reducer Drive Cranks, 6-inch (15.24 cm) radius Driven connecting arms of adjustable, steel channel Weight box, centrally adjustable over the wheel Bassick caster frame #3YY6-2 with whee! #WR6203 with 3°(76.2 mm) diameter x 1"(25.8 mm) soft (60-70 durometer) rubber tie mounted at a horizontal dis- tance of 24"(60.96 cm) between drive and caster axles. (Other wheels may be used.) J. Resetable revolution counter |. 5-25 tb(11.34 kg) bags of #7(2.8 mm) or #8(2.36 mm) lead shot k. Specimen mounting plates, 24 ga. (.024"-60mm) galvanized steel x 31(76.2 mm) x 167(406.4 mm), eburtred. L. Specimens molds, variously .125, .188, .250, .313, 375 and .500 inches thick (3.2, 4.8, 64, 8.0, 9.5, 12.7mm), x 3(762 mm) x 1674064 mm) outside and 2" (50.8 mm) x 15° (381 mm) inside dimensions m. 1° (25.4 mm) dia. X 6"(152.4 mm) long wood stiike- off dowel or "U"-shaped screed, 1. Stool sand frame, .188" x 2.5" x 18" (4.76 mm x 63.5 mm x 381 mm) outside and 1.5" x 14° (38.1 mm x. 355.6 mm) inside dimensions, completely line one side win 1/2" x 1/2'(12.7 x 12.7mm) adhesive. backed foam rubber Insulation and hold down clamps. ©. Flat, platform scale, 250 Ib. (113.4 kg) capacity, se sitive to 1 Ib(.45 kg) 1991 2.2 Sample Preparation Apparatus: Balance of 2000 grams or more capacity and sensitive to 1 gram, constant temperature over 140°F(60"C), 600 to 41000 mi, Mixing bowi or beaker. 1°(254 mm) mixing spatula or spoon specimen mounting plates (2.1.4) and strike-off dowel or “V"-shaped screed, specimen molds (2.1.1), cone consistency apparatus (SSA TB#108). 2.3 Sand Adhesion Apparatus and Materials: Fine Ottawa Sand ~30(600 jm), +100(150 um) mesh {ASTM Designation C-109-graded standard), hot plate or ‘oven for heating sand 180°F(82.2°C), 1000-5000 ml Metal bow, noUsohold vacuum cleaner, thermometor for measuring sand temperature, steel sand frame with foam rubber strips (2.1 ). 24 Optional compaction and distortion measuring apparatus such as a suitable profilograph and calipers. 3.0 Test Specimens 3.1. Slurry Seal mixtures are prepared with formulations se- lected for test using project materials 32 Mold thickness is selected that will result in a specimen, Of desired thickness for testing, 0.9,, 25% thicker than the coarsest particle thickness. 3.3 25 to 35% more material than required to fil the mold is, ‘mixed. (Normally, 300 grams of aggregate fils the 1/4" (6.4 mm) ‘mokd.) 3.4 Trial mixes are made to determine the consistency char- acteristics of the selected formulation. (See ISSA TB #106). Notation ofthe exact percentage formulation to be used is made listing the quantity of aggregate, filer, wa- ter, emulsion and the consistency obtained; e.g., 100-2- 1018-3 em, 3.5 The materials are carefully weighed into the mixing con- tainer. Mixing should proceed rapidly and thoroughly so that the specimen is cast 30 seconds after the addition of the emulsion. 3.6 The selected mold is centered over a previously weighed specimen mounting plate and uniformly oversfled with the mixture. Using a horizontal sawing metion with the strike-off bar held in a vertical position, the specimen is struck off level withthe specimen frame. When the speci men has set sufficiently to prevent displacement , the ‘mold is removed . The specimen is dried for a minimum of 12 hours to constant weight in a 140°(60°C) oven. The specimen is removed from the oven and cooled to room temperature, 4.0 Adjustment and Weight of the Loaded Whee! Tester 4.1 The connecting arm bearings and caster assembly are adjusted and secured so that the projected horizontal 109-1yee eI DZ “EH E SF f > { “a ‘ a § ee \ Mi I Lo EF | | A Serres me [al K SRECMEN MOUNT PLATE 2¢90/0.61 MM) | Se c T m 2.1 LOADED WHEEL TESTER FIGURE 1 we [ae lo [se lw le [els [eels ]ele fle] 14mm [476mm|6a mm [798mm [953mm [12.7 mm [38.1 mm soBnm [essmm | 7e2mm | 124em 35.0 cm Conversion Table FIGURE 2 e199 409-3WetERNay, Shum, Sey x & = is Weociat re INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 111 Issued 1977 ‘st Revision 1990 ‘2nd Revision 2005 Outline Guide Design Procedure for Slurry Seal The following guide is presented to aid designers of Slurry ‘Mixes and contains excerpts from papers presented by Huft- ‘man, Benedict, Gordilo and others at the ISSA World Con- (gress in Madrid and at the AEMA convention in Phoenix, Feb- ruary 1977. Tests to be used may be selected by the check list provided. Limits or values to each test must be estab- lished by the designer or engineer. inary Design Considerations 1. Describe the Pavement o be treated ‘.Surface condition macrotexture, absorbivity, sur- face and structural cracks, surface contamination, longitadinal and transverse geometry, rutting, vege tation .Climate and weather conditions - temperature, rainfall, shade, wind cc. Average Daily Trafic (ADT), speed limits 2. State Objectives of the Treatment ‘a. Skid numbers required, surface macrotexture b.Sealing, raveling correction, crack filing, wedging, rut correction, preparation for overlay, slipperiness correction, etc, «Life expectancy requirements 3. Evaluate and Select Materials ‘a. Evaluation of proposed Agaregate 1. Field Durabilly record 2. Skid Resistance Level (SRL), polish susceptibility 3. Gradation, void content, quaity of fines, sand equivalent, particle shape microtexture 4, Mechanical properties resistance to mechanical abrasion, L.A. Ratler Shaker loss, British Wheel abrasion, hardness, crush resistance, treeze- thaw frability 5. Chemical properties acid insolubity, sodium sulk fate soundness, water solubility 6. Mineraiogy/petrology, geology 7. Economics-location, avaiabilty, transportation, cost b. Select Aggregate and Gradation lo Meet Objectives c. Evaluation of proposed Emulsion 1. Field Ourabilty record 2, Base asphalt Source and type-oxidationtharden- ing resistance 3, Emulsion particle size-stabilly, shear sensitivity, sieve 4. Climatelpenetration viscosity requirements 5. Weather-shade, sun, wind, ice, salt, traffic time required 6. Quick-setslow-set requirements 7. Compatibiltyladhesion characteristics of the agaregate-fille-etard-accelerator system, re- emulsification 31991 8 Economics location, availabilty, transportation, cost 4d, Select Emulsion to Moet Objectives Part 2 Job Mix Formula Procedures 4. Estimate the Theoretical Pure Asphalt Requirements (PAR) or Bitumen Requirement (BR) by Surface Area ‘Method for an 81m coating ‘a. Aggregate Sand Equivalent b. Aggregate Apparent Specific Gravity ©. Aggregate Gradation (dry sieving) 4. Aggregate Centrituge Kerosene Equivalent . Calculate Total Surface Area f. Emulsion percent asphalt residue 9. Calculate the theoretical PAR/BR for an ‘um thickness coating of the calculated surface area and record as: 1. Percent asphalt added to dry weight of aggre- gate 2. Percent emulsion added to dry weight of aggro- gate @ % asphalt residue 3. Percent asphalt of total dry solids 2. System Compatibility Determination ‘Estimate filer/additive requirements 1. Run 100-gram trial cup mixes using 100% PAR to estimate optimum water content, filer require- ‘ment and mix-set-rafficcure time characteris- tics (ISSA TB #102) 2. Adjust PAR for added filer if required 'b.Cone Consistency Test run to obtain 2.5 centimeter consistency, ISSA TB #106 1. Determine optimum mix-water content for three levels of emulsion content, ©.g., 100%, 85%, 70% PAR for 2.5em consistency 2, Adjust filer content, mix-water content and PAR for changes in mix-set-rafic time if required 3. Construct 3-point consistency/mix-water curve for consistency ranges of 2-3 om. 4-5 cm., and 6-7 cm. ranges for each of the three PAR levels, selected. Air dry at ambient and save each specimen. .Compatibly Test 1, Examine cross-sections of centrally split consis- tency specimens for evidence asphalt or aggre ‘gate migration or existence of excessively sticky surfaces. 114After the optimum design suggested is established. its necessary to translate this design into field control quantities. One assented method is desorbed in ISSA TB #107, “A Method for Unit Field Control of Slurry Seal Quantities. The objective of sarees thod is to aid operators and inspectors to Control the field material quantiies and application rates so that design re- arr obtained. The method is essenvally to transiate laboratory design into field units of gallons, tons and bags and to measure these during application. ‘Teo folowing is an example of the laboratory design translation into the essential field control quantities: Laboratory Design for Field Control = Example ‘Optimum Lab Design Control Quantities Tolerances: a) Aggregate 100.0% »)Fillert Type PC-11 1.0% 2 bags! 10 tons + 12 bag c) Mix Water* 12.0% 29gaisiton(121) + 1% 1) Cone Flow Consistency 2.5cm. — £0.75 0m e) AC Target Extraction 10.5% + 15% ‘) Emulsion’ @ 61.0% Res. AC 17.2%" 41.0 galston (1711) 1.7% 49) Design Width 20.0 (6.6 m) 2ianes x 10 fL(3.05 m) + 0.5" (152m) OA 1) Spread Rate 15.0 ibs/SY (8.14 kg/m?) 133 SY¥Aon(123 met) + 2.0 Ibs /SY (1 kg/m*) i) Lineal Ft.ton @ Lane Width 120 LFiton (40.3 mit) j) Aggregate Specific Weight vs. Moisture Content Moisture Moist Lbs/ Dy Lbs st % Machine Gate Content f Loose of Moist Ag DrylWet Setting at Design 0% 96.4 (1544.1 kg/m?) 96.4(1544.1 kein?) 100.0 1 95.4 (1528.1 kg/m?) 94.5 (1513.7 kg/m? 98.0 2 53.6(1339.1 kon?) SL9C3II9Kem) AS 3 79.7(1276.6 kg/m?) 7.312382 ke/m*) 80.1 4 79.0(12654 kgm?) 75.8 (12142 kg/m’) 78.6 s 78.0(12494 kgm?) 74101869 kom) 6B 6 719 (12478kgim?) 73.2(11725 kgm’) 75.9 Note: % DryWel = Dry weight of he aggregate at 0% moisture content / Dry weight of the aggregate atthe diferent moisture contents 7 Percent added to the dry weight of the aggregate Nota: Unit (1) = metric ton ©1991 113eeqcixt > INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION ie TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 112 1st Revision 1990 ‘2nd Revision 2005 Method to Estimate Slurry Seal Spread Rates and to Measure Pavement Macrotexture This bulletin is distibuted as a part of the R & D committee's Spread Rate Task Force Project. Members are encouraged te use the methods described this season and to report their ‘comparative results to the commit Ai a4 2 @: Scope This sand box method for the measurement of pave- ment macrotexture offers a method for the common Understanding of the demand of a volumetiic Tech- nique ‘Summary of the Method [A simple sand box is constructed from common pine furring strips, 5/8" x 1 3/4” (15.9 mm x 44.5 mm) so that the inside dimensions are about 5/8" (17 mm) wide x 1 3/4” (44 mm) deep x 3 1/4" (82 mm) long. The box is placed on the pavement, one open side down, and filed level with fine sand (-50 + 100 mesh)(-300um + 150m mesh) and weighted to 3 lbs. (1.361kg). The box is drawn steadily along the surface to be measured until the sand is exhausted. The length of travel is measured and reported as ~__ feet (meters) 60 cc sand box tex- ture.” The results of several comparative measurements fol- lows: ‘SAND BOX MACROTEXTURE. Distance Required to Spread 60 cc, -50(330,m) mesh sand, with 3 tb.(1.361 kg), 5/8” (17 mm) box ‘Stee! Finished Concrete Roofing Felt, Outside Roofing Felt, Inside ‘Two-Year Hot Mix, Oil soaked, Wheel Track Two-Year Hot Mix, Transverse ‘Two-Year Hot Mix, Oil Free, Wheel Track Two-Year Hot Mix, Transverse Board Finished Concrete (Old Hot Mix Parking Lot Adjacent 2-Month Old Hot Mix 5-Year Shoulder Mix 5.5, 8.0, 6.6 avg 5-Year Shoulder Mix 5.5, 8.0, 6.6 avg 7-Year Type 2 Slurry... Lo 7-¥ear Type 2 Slurry 16. 10-Year Hot Mix 17, 10-Year Hot Mix tudinal Longitudinal Longitudinal, Transverse ‘Comments: Do not confuse sand box macrotexture as measurements of skid resistance. In general, sand box macro~ texture measurements of more than 10-12 feet (3 to 3.5 meters) is subjectively judged as a suspicious lack of adequate macro- texture to prevent hydropianing, For illustrations and further data see—Benedict, “An Introduction to a Study for the Prediction of Slurry Seal Spread Rates,” Pro- ceedings of the ISSA ‘st World Congress, 15th Annual Convention, Madrid, February, 1977. 1 2 3 4 5. 6 7 a 9 10. Old Hot Mx Parking Lot with Single Coat Tar Emulsion "1 12. 13 14 15, Longitudinal, Transverse Feat Meters 625% 49 16 49 8 55 125 38 125 38 100 34 95 29 525% 28 60 18 80 24 105 32 65 20 "4 22 43 13 37 4 43 15 35 14 ©1991 Spread Rate Calculation and Report ‘Assuming a moderate squeegee contact pressure, a slurry consistency of 2.5 to 3 cm and a slurry depth of § to 6 inches (127 to 15.2 cm), basic spread rates applied to smooth surfaces may be selected from the following tables. The quantity of Slurry required to fil surface texture may be added to the basic rate along with an estimate of requiredments due to cross Sectional irregularity and for joint cracks and laps, These increments may be noted and totaled in Table 2 to give an est mate of the spread rate. 24INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 113 4st Revision 1990 2nd Revision 2005 Trial Mix Procedure for Slurry Design ‘As a first step in the design of slurry seal mixes, itis useful fo ‘make a series of small 100 or 200 gram trial mixes in dispos~ ‘ble cups. Cup mixing is also useful to help train machine ‘Operators in the visual appearance and mechanical properties of the mixtures. Refer to: ISSA TB #111, Outline Guide Design Procedure for ‘Sluny Seal,” ISSA TB'#106, "Measurement of Slurry Seal Consistency.” ISSA TB #102, “Mixing, Setting and Water Re- sistance Test (0 Identity ‘Quick-Set Emulsified Asphalts” and ISSA TB #139, “ Test Method to Classify Emulsified Asphalt te Mixture’ Systems by modified Cohesion Tester,” ISSA TB #114 “Wet Strigping Test for Cured Slurry Seal Mixes.” 4.0 Apparatus 4/1 Disposable Mixing Containers- Suitable plastic-lin e d paper hot drink cups such as: ‘5 02 (177 ml) Dixie #2336 for 100 gram mixes 8 oz (237 ml) Dixie #2338 for 200 gram mixes 4.2 Mixing Blade such as a 4 inch (10 cm) spatula or a Stanley #1540 1-1/4 inch (3.18 cm) blade putty knife. 1.3 Balance having minimum capacity of 500 grams and a sensitivity of 1 9 44 Sieves- 20(850,m) and 50(300,m) mesh sieves con- forming to section 3.4 of ASTM Specification E-11 1.5 Papor— A supply of high wet-strength paper suitable for casting and identifying mix specimens such as the re- verse side ISSA TB #108. Consistency Test Chart paper fF 15 ib (6.8kg) roofing felt cut to a convenient size. 4.8 Thermometer- An ASTM low softening point thermome- ter having a range of from 30 to 180°F (-2 to 80°C) and ‘conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification E- 1 2.0 Materials 211 Aggregate shall be representative of the lot to be tested ‘and air dried to less than 1% moisture content. The en- tire sample shall be spit in accordance with ASTM C- 136. Oversize particles of aggregate shall be removed by passing the sample through the maximum screen size permitted in the aggregate specification 22 Emulsified Asphalt shall be representative of the ot to be tested and uniformly mixed. Agglomerated particles of, asphalt shall be removed by pouring the sample through the 20(850,m) mesh screen, 2.3 Water- Tap water of not over 250 ppm Calcium Carbon- ate 24 Fillers and Additives Mineral filers andlor other liquid OF solid additives shall be representative of the lots to be tested. Mineral fillers shall be screened through the '50(300ym) mesh screen. Liquid additives shaft be thor- ‘oughly mixed and of such concentration to allow addition to the mix without destroying the mix consistency. 1991 3.0 Trial Mix Procedure 3.1 Trial mixes are first made with all ingredients at room temperature. Notation of the completed mix temperature is made using the thermometer. Subsequent mixes may bbe made with the ingredients at temperatures likely to be encountered in the field; e.g. 50° and 100°F (10° and 378°C) 3.2 Weigh 100 grams of the aggregate into the 6 oz. (177 ml) plastic-lined hot drink cup, 200 gram mixes use the 8 02. (237 mi) cup. Add additional aggregate so that the net dry weight of aggregate is 100 grams. 3.3 Add the desired amount of filer or dry additive and mix dry with the spatula at 60-70 RPM in a circular motion for 10 seconds or until distribution of the filer is uniform. Several formulations are prepared at various levels of the desired filers, €.9, Hydrated Lime @ 0, 1 and 2% Portiand Cement, Type 1 @ 0, 1 and 2% Portland Coment, Type ll A @ 0, 1 and 2% 34 Add the desired amount of water, (Note 1) and mix at 60- 70 RPM in a circular motion for 20 seconds or until distri- bution of the water in the mix is complete and uniform. 2.5 Add the desired amount of emulsified asphalt and imme- diately mix at 60-70 RPM in a circular motion for 30 sec- fonds oF until mixture is completely homogenous. Note the character of the mix during the mixing time. If exces- sively free liquids are present, so note, or if the mix is excessively dy or stiff, so note, and adjust water content in successive trial mixes. 3.6 At the end of the initial mixing cycle, cast about half of the mix on the specimen paper, retaining one half the ‘mix in the cup. Spread the mix to a depth of 1/4 inch to 3/8 inch (6.4 to 10 mm). Continue mixing the portion re~ maining in the cup for a maximum of 5 minutes or unt the mix portion remaining in the cup for a maximum of 5 ‘minutes or until the mix stiffens and “breaks.” Record a time and mix time. 37 Periodically depress the cast specimen with the index finger and nate the time when tho slurry becomes form land is no longer appreciably displaced by this action and record as the "set time.” 38 Periodically press lightly on the specimen with a paper towel and note the time required to reach a clear water set and record, 3.9 Allow the spacimen to air dry or dry to constant weight in a forced air oven at 140°F (60°C) for 15 hours. 4.0 Examination and Evaluation of Trial Mixes 4.1. Examination for Tackiness and Shininess may indicate (1) drainage of fines, or (2) flotation of asphalt films. Ac- ditional mixes should be made to avoid the problem by increasing the filer and/or decreasing the water andior changing to a different type filer or additive. In extreme cases, it may be necessary to reformulate the emulsion. 1134INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION TECHNICAL BULLETIN +49 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 No. 114 4st Revision 1990 ‘2nd Revision 2005, Wet Stripping Test for Cured Slurry Seal Mix ‘The purpose of this test isto aid slur seal designers to se- lect a compatible slurry syslem with @ given aggregate. ‘Emulsion formulations, filers and additives may be quickly scrooned by the abilly of the system fo remain coated under the tost condition. See also ISSA TB #149, “Boiling Compatl- biny Test" and ISSA TB #144, “Compatibilty by Schulze Brever & Ruck Procedures.” Apparatus ‘1 600 mi pyrex beaker. 2 Adjustable temperature hot plate or Bunson burner, and wire mesh. ‘Absorbent, high wet strength paper such as common household paper towels. 2. Procedure 21 10 grams + 1 gram of cured slurry seal mixture, repre- sentative of the entire specimen is obtained from consis: tency test specimens (ISSA TB #106) or tal mix test specimens (ISSA TB #113), 2.2 400 mi of demineralized tap water or distiled water is ‘Gdded to the 600 mi beaker placed on the hot plate and brought to a vigorous boil 2.3 The 40 gram specimen of cured slurry is dropped into the Bolling water and allowed to boil in the water for 3 min- utes, 2.4 At the end of the 3 minute boiling period, the beaker with its contents are removed from the hot plate and allowed to cool ©1991 2.5 When ebulition ceases, cold tap water shall be run into the surface of the water and continued until any free aS: phalt on the surface of the water flows over the side of the beaker. Care shall be exercised to avoid washing ‘ut particles of the slurry mix. 2.6 The water is then decanted and the contents removed from the beaker and placed on the absorbent paper tow cling. 2.7 After drying the sample shall be examined for uncoated ‘reas and an estimate is made of the aggregate area remaining coated with asphalt 3. Report 341 Report the estimate of aggregate surface remaining Coated with asphalt as a percentage of the total agare- gate surface. ‘90% retained coating is satistactory 75% to 90% is judged as marginal below 75% is unsalistactory Note: ‘Low asphalt retention of the slurry system can indicate ack of adhesion, low film coalescence, poor emulsion formulation, re-emulsification, possible false slurry, too much mineral filer or aggregate fines of poor quality. Notation of the ductity or britleness of the Boiled specl- men may also be of use in evaluating the system quali: ties,TRS INTERNATIONAL SLURRY SURFACING ASSOCIATION No. 115 ii * TECHNICAL BULLETIN = iissous e eo #3 Church Circle-PMB 250, Annapolis, Maryland 21401 Determination of Slurry System Compatibility ‘Alingresionts of a successful slurry seal formulation must be ‘mutually compatible: i... they must: a ‘Sornbine to form a smooth, stable homogeneous mass, {2} be capable of mixing and workable for at least two min- ° «) 2 Utes after addition of the asphalt emulsion. fier placement the mix should remain stable and homo- geneous s0 that neither aggregate fines nor asphalt Stratites or migrates to the surface or drains to the base fof the mix, Should cure with a firm bond to the base and have inter- nal adhesion and cohesion of the mat adequate to pre- Vent raveling of the aggregate from the mix. References: [SSA TB #106- Measurement of Slury Seal Consistency [SSA TB#102- Mixing, Sotting and Water Resistance Tests to identify "Quick-Set” Emulsified Asphalts ISSATB#I11- Oulline Guide of Design Procedure for Slurry Seal Mixes. ISSATB#113- Trial Mix Procedure for Sturry Seal Design ISSA TB#I14- Wet Stripping Test for Cured Slurry Seal Mixes ISSA TB #144. Test Method for Classification of Aggregate Filler-Bitumen Compatibility by —Shultz~ Breuer and Ruck Procedures [SSA T@#149. Test Method for Slurry Seal Bolling Com -patibilty PROCEDURE ® 4.0 Split Consistency Test 111 Trial mixes are made in accordance with ISSA TB #113 to estimate optimum water content, filer requirements, ‘and mix workability. Cone consistency tests are made in accordance with ISSA TB #108 to obtain optimum water contents at three levels of emulsion (0.9. 12, 15 & 18% for type ll grada- tions). Optimum consistency specimens of between 2 and 3 om outflow are air dried to constant weight or placed in air forced draft ovens for 15 hours at 140°F (60°C) and cooled. These specimens are vertically split across the diameter of the specimen by projecting half the specimen Over a sharp table edge and breaking with pressure from the hands. The broken edge of the consistency specimen is examined for evidence of asphalt or aggregate migta- tion, The surface of the consistency specimens is exam- ined for excessively sticky surfaces. Observations are recorded 12 43 1991 2.0 Split Cup Compatibility Test 2a 22 23 24 3.0 34 40 at 42 43 4a 45 46 Tf suspicious disuniformity appears in the split consis tency specimens run a referee test; the split cup compat bility test. ‘Mix 100 grams of each formulation to be tested and pour into a 6 oz. (177 mi) plastic-ined hot drink cup. Allow the mix to cure for a minimum of 15 hours or until solid. ‘Separate the cured mix into upper and lower halves and place each haf into separate 8 oz. (237 mi) ointment tins End dry thoroughly in a forced draft oven at 250°F (121°C) for 4 hours. Extract asphalt by reflux method from upper and lower hhalves and record % AC in each. Run a split median gradation of the extracted aggregate Over 2 #6 (1.18 mm) sieve and record % retained on the #16 (1.18 mm) sieve Wet Stripping (Adhesion or Coating) Test 410 grams of cured slurry in 13.5 02. (400 ml) of boiling water for 3 minutes. See ISSA TB #114, ISSA TB #144 and ISSA TB #149, Report Consistency Test at 2-3 crm-report: {a)_ surface as satisfactory (pass) (©). surface as tacky (fal) Split Consistency Testreport {@) uniform (pass) (©) not uniform (ail) Referee Spit Cup Consistency Test-report: (a) % AC aiference (0) % + 16 difference (Differences greater than 15% fail) (Differences less than 10% pass) ‘Wet Stripping Test-report {a} less than 75% coating (tal) {b) less than 90% coating (marginal) (c} greater than 90% (pass) Mix and Workabilty Test-repor: (a) more than 2 minutes (pass) (0) less than 2 minutes (f)" The ‘slurry seal formulation under test is identified as “Compatible” if reports under 4.1 through 4.5 above are all Passing” May not be applicable for cortain Quick-Set or Quick- Traffic Systems.