PV Technology Based on Crystalline

Silicon Wafers
High-Efficiency Concepts of c-Si Wafer Based Solar Cells
Week 4.4
Arno Smets
Monocrystalline Multicrystalline
Losses in charge collection and separation
finger “inverted” pyramids

p+
n+ n oxide
p-silicon p+
p+ p+

rear contact oxide

PERL solar cell
“inverted” pyramids

p-silicon
PERL solar cell “inverted” pyramids

p-silicon
PERL solar cell

n+ n
p-silicon
PERL solar cell

n+ n oxide
p-silicon
PERL solar cell “inverted” pyramids

p+

p-silicon p+
p+ p+
Losses in charge collection and separation
finger “inverted” pyramids

p+
n+ n oxide
p-silicon p+
p+ p+

rear contact oxide

 Losses in charge collection and separation

Lightly doped front diffusion Texture + SiO2 + ARC

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick Passivating

p+ n+ p+ n+ p+ n+ SiO2 layer

Backside mirror Localized contacts Backside gridlines

Losses in charge collection and separation

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick

p+ n+ p+ n+ p+ n+
Losses in charge collection and separation

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick

p+ n+ p+ n+ p+ n+

Localized contacts
Losses in charge collection and separation

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick

Backside gridlines
 Losses in charge collection and separation

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick

Backside mirror
Interdigitated back contact grid
Losses in charge collection and separation

n+ n+
n-type silicon – 240 mm tick
Losses in charge collection and separation

Passivation + antireflection coating

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick

 Losses in charge collection and separation

Lightly doped front diffusion Texture + SiO2 + ARC

n-type silicon – 240 mm tick Passivating

p+ n+ p+ n+ p+ n+ SiO2 layer

Backside mirror Localized contacts Backside gridlines

C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
Homojunction
n p

EF
 Heterojunction p-type a-Si:H

n-type FZ c-Si
EcP
qVbin
Egn
ΔEC EgP
Ecn
Efn EfP
EvP
Evn ΔEV
C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
C-Si wafer based hetero-junction solar cell

`
i/p a-Si n-type
C-Si
(textured)
i/n a-Si
`
Novel concepts

p+ `
n+ n
p+ p+ p+

`
η = 25%; Area = 4 cm2 η = 24.7%; Area = 102 cm2

p+ n+ p+ n+ p+ n+ η = 24.2%; Area = 155 cm2

Thank you for your attention!