Name__________________________________________ Period_____________________

Standard Chemistry Midterm Exam Review 2022

Exam Format: 60 multiple choice questions

Unit 1: Matter and Measurement

1. Round each of the following numbers to three significant figures.
a. 1,566,311 c. 84,592 e. 0.07759
b. 2.7651 x 103 d. 0.0011672

2. Perform each of the following conversions, being sure to set up clearly the appropriate dimensional analysis in each
case:
a. 6.25 liters to milliliters
b. 4.95 m to centimeters
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c. 2.45 grams to kg

3. Put the following measurements in order from LEAST to GREATEST

1 mm 1 km 1m 1 cm
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4. Record the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder to the correct number of significant digits.

5. Four groups of students are measuring the density of an irregularly shaped object. Their results are
shown below. The accepted value for the density of the object is 2.00 g/mL. 8
Group Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mean
1 1.50 1.48 1.51 1.50
2 1.48 2.19 2.87 2.18
3 2.01 1.98 2.03 2.01
4 3.19 2.64 2.17 2.67

a. Which group had results that were precise but lacked accuracy?
b. Calculate the percent error in Group 2’s data. Remember to use the mean, or average, when calculating
percent error.

6. 10.0 g of Substance A + 5.0 g of Substance B  4.0 g of Substance C + ? g of Substance D

Assuming that the system remains closed, what is the mass of substance D in this reaction? ______________

7. A gas cylinder having a volume of 1500 mL contains 36.8 g of gas. What is the density of the gas in g/mL?

8. Aluminum has a density of 2.70 g/cm3. Calculate the mass in grams of a piece of aluminum with a volume of 13.5
cm3.

Unit 2: Gas Behavior

9. Room temperature is 25°C. What is this temperature in Kelvin?

10. Gas is determined by collisions with the walls of the container; gas is
determined by the amount of space taken up by the sample, and gas is determined by the
kinetic energy of the particles.

11. When solving gas law problems, the temperature must be in units of .
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12. As the temperature of a gas increases, its pressure will because there will be
collisions with the walls of the container. As the volume of a gas increases, its pressure will
because there will be collisions with the walls of the container.

13. As the temperature of a gas decreases, the particles move which makes them take up
space (and so the volume )

14.
Use the graph to the left to answer the questions
that follow:

a.
As the volume of this substance increases, the
pressure will

b.
What is the approximate pressure of this
substance at a volume of 15 mL? ______

c.
What is the approximate volume of the
substance at a pressure of 170 kPa?________

15. In each set, choose the substance with the GREATEST kinetic energy.

16. A sample of gas is put into a 2.0 L container at 100 K, as shown to the right (original
sample).
Several changes are then made to the original gas sample, as shown below. Indicate
whether each sample below has a pressure GREATER than, LESS than, or EQUAL to the
original.

T = 200 K, V = 2.0 L T = 50 K, V = 1.0 L T = 50 K, V = 2.0 L T = 100 K, V = 1.0 L

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17. A 625 cm3 sample of gas has a pressure of 99.6 kPa at 17°C. What happens to the volume of the sample if the
temperature is increased to 39°C while keeping the pressure constant?

18. A sample of gas is contained in a volume of 2.0 L at a pressure of 4.0 atm. What happens pressure if the volume is
reduced to 1.5 L?

19. A gas at 45.5°C occupies a volume of 195 mL. If the pressure remains constant, what will happen to the
temperature if the volume of the container decreases to 145 mL?
Unit 3: Energy and Changes of State

20. Endothermic processes energy and feel to the touch.

Exothermic processes energy and feel to the touch.

21. Identify the following phase changes as exothermic (X) or endothermic (N):
______ a Melting ______ f Sublimation ______ k Gas to liquid
______ b Freezing ______ g Deposition ______ l Solid to gas
______ c Boiling ______ h Solid to liquid ______ m Liquid to solid
______ d Condensing ______ i Liquid to gas
______ e Evaporating ______ j Gas to solid

22. In the boxes below, draw a particle diagram of a substance as a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
SOLID LIQUID GAS

a. CIRCLE the diagram above that shows a sample with the greatest DENSITY.
b. Draw a BOX around the diagram above that shows a sample with the lowest MASS.
c. Draw an ARROW indicating the direction of INCREASING kinetic energy

23. A piece of hot metal is placed into a cup of cool water. The loses energy and the gains energy
until the two reach the same final .

Unit 3: Bonding and Nomenclature

24. Tell whether each of the following elements are metals, nonmetals, or metalloids:
a. Cs c. Rn e. Sr g. Rb
b. Ra d. Cl f. Xe h. Si

25. Write the charge for each of the following elements:

a. Cs c. N e. Cl g. O
b. Ba d. Al f. S h. P

26. Positive ions are called ____ ________, whereas negative ions are called _________.

27. List the 7 diatomic elements.

28. Check the appropriate box comparing the characteristics of ionic and covalent/molecular compounds
Covalent/
Ionic
Molecular
Metals and nonmetals
Named using prefixes
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Gain and lose (transfer) electrons

Conduct electricity when dissolved in water
Low melting and boiling point
Nonmetals only
Composed of ions
Neutral components
Share electrons
High melting and boiling points
Do not conduct electricity

29. Acids begin with the element and bases end with

30. Compounds containing metals are named with a roman numeral.

31. Give the name of each of the following compounds:

a. Na2O g. BaI2 m. AgF
b. K2SO4 h. Al2S3 n. MoPO4
c. Mn2O3 i. PCl3 o. SnBr2
d. Mg(ClO2)2 j. Ti(CO3)2 p. N2O3
e. CaBr2 k. CsBr q. CrO
f. CBr4 l. SiF4 r. Fe(OH)3

32. Write the formula for each of the following compounds:

a. Phosphorus triiodide g. Iron(II) oxide

b. Lithium carbonate h. Beryllium iodide

c. Sodium iodide i. Barium hydroxide

d. Silver(I) sulfate j. Diphosphorus pentafluoride

e. Silicon tetrachloride k. Aluminum nitrite

f. Diboron trioxide l. Potassium oxide

Unit 4: Chemical Quantities

33. Calculate the molar mass of each of the following compounds:
a. NaNO3 b. K2SO4 c. Ca3(PO4)2

34. How many atoms of beryllium are found in a sample of beryllium that has a mass of 2.50 grams?

35. Calculate the mass of 0.138 mol sodium chloride, NaCl.

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36. Calculate the number of moles of water in 25.0 g of water.

37. Determine the volume in liters of 0.195 moles of SO 3(g) at STP.

38. Calculate the number of atoms of silicon in 2.45 moles of silicon.

39. A scoop of sugar contains 2.5 x 1024 molecules of sugar. How many moles is this?

40. Calculate the percent composition of each element by mass in calcium phosphate, Ca 3(PO4)2.

41. Cyclohexane has the molecular formula C6H12. What is the empirical formula of cyclohexane?

Unit 5: Chemical Reactions

42. The substances present before a chemical reaction takes place are called the __ _, and the
substances present after the reaction takes place are called the __ _.

43. Processes in which energy is released are called ; processes in which energy is absorbed
or required are called . In reactions, energy is a reactant
while in reactions, energy is a product.

44. Answer the following questions concerning the graph to the right:
a. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? _
b. Is there a release or absorption of energy? ___________

45. Balance the following equations and identify the reaction type. Choose from Synthesis, Decomposition, Single
Replacement, Double Replacement, or Combustion.
__________________ a. ____H2 + ____O2  ____ H2O
__________________ b. ____Na3PO4 + ____ Li2S  ____Li3PO4 + ____Na2S
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__________________ c. ____Li + ____AlCl3  ____LiCl + ___Al

__________________ d. ____C2H6 + ____O2  ____CO2 + ____H2O
__________________ e. ____CaO  ____Ca + ___O2

46. Predict the product and balance the following reactions. Also identify the reaction type.
__________________ a. Ca + N2 
__________________ b. Al2O3 
__________________ c. MgO 
__________________ d. Na + Cl2 
__________________ e. K + F2 

Unit 6: Stoichiometry

47. Calculate the number of moles of water that will be produced by the reaction of 12.5 moles of sulfuric acid with
excess potassium hydroxide. H2SO4 + 2 KOH  K2SO4 + 2 H2O

48. Calculate the mass in grams of oxygen that must be reacted to produce 115 g of water according to the following
equation: 2 C6H4Cl2 + 13 O2  12 CO2 + 2 H2O + 4 HCl

49. Calculate mass in grams of NaI produced from the reaction of 2.5 moles of I 2.
I2 + 2 Na2S2O3  2 NaI + Na2S4O6

50. Calculate the mass in grams of NaN3 required to produce 4.0 moles of N2 gas.
2 NaN3  2 Na + 3 N2

51. What is the percent yield if 13.1 g CaO is actually produced from the theoretical yield of 13.9 g of CaO?
CaCO3  CaO + CO2

52. Hydrogen (light) and oxygen (dark) react to form water. A reaction mixture of
hydrogen and oxygen is pictured; use it to answer the questions that follow:
a. Write a balanced equation for the process below:
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__________________________
b. How many hydrogen molecules are present initially?
c. How many oxygen molecules are present initially?
d. Predict the number of water molecules that will form
e. What is the limiting reactant, hydrogen or oxygen?
f. Which reactant is in excess, hydrogen or oxygen?
g. How many molecules of excess reactant will remain?
h. What molecules are present in the container at the end of the reaction?
.