SCCOND LAN of TG RMo D*NAMICs

MiTAIION offLAHt*R
LI MI TA TLONNS OP FIRST LA.
Ci asf Law f rmooly amks olcels i t Cemvers jen aral
Censeafen f 77 Enegy eikar ansfe o m en fom to
amothey
balancCe s
mainlainul. T u lauo, hvevr,
fail t stale, ka Cenoli An unal er i d
enmy Cemvjens a r
bosible .

Te law preasuws
a r coange a harmoolyramic
state can talces blace in eikar
n o t rue , paxtic
olivuction Howaur, tii
larly in t in ter- cemvusn
thrat ar
Wor pvesas proceA sponKaneousl in castain directir but
not im
sppate oltrecons, e v n thstng severtal brdeSAes oloe
not volats khs fixst Law.

eanpe.
entialr a TUnning automobile Vahicle Stoßpeel b applang bral
hicle into kaat
Th
7hks
protes Change a k i e i e enurgy of ke ve

an balkas e t heak up. 7 las ine>ease m ta intema! enogy

brakos" m accosola na hiK ha fost las. Ts toppirg f

of
He vehicle by ficton, hasever Censtituts Qn isyartible pwals.
heir amitial tate buls a Vehiele inio
Coolin ba kes ko s nerer

Heat in the brakes Convntee! back into

cannot be
motion viokate t s
meehanicel hort even thougls t a t act waalel not
Cenvescn.
pincipi f enar
venel ises shkan ik
The temperafure que a Cenkainol an
wok Cannot
Cannol
oik Hwwever tte padelle wo
c h u r n e l by þaddle
State.
ha Liguiol to iks ovijinal
erestorea) on Cenling

bloek slids oloion a rnyv þlane, it beeomal wams

33 l e a sliles up Ka
Wkose s l o c k
tuns ewer, khs reverte þntets
Cool is not trune ven khensls Ka het las i
pkare a nd
still koll pd
 atio i Cablud hermal effiuen y ( )
net wa output ( Wnt) H o s uhatzuw)
total hat supplidl4,)

-(1)

are
vwoneel heal agire s
Kefmgerators aral heat bumps ppsite p h
pþaite
ka t
interactions a e
kiet a l wole
7he oliretion df These mackines
Tese
kiet outpul
e wok input an
hual engis heat fpom {s
Ofa are useel to vemdve

Cretrigerafrt
anel huot þumps) Dransfer i s
Aretto
luvnl and ken
temperatue t e maln
boo at Loo
^kan
Lenperakae.
high polen ?al sf e sdleel space
at
n h r bole erore kizY pDm
to between
nackins dpeats
purpite figerat
A below hat
that
rerizerator.
Xemprature
Xemperature
Galle a ona a
onda
it ii Surunalinge þreßerve
temperature
Sundnolings

mainly teel
to
Me ae
Rimgeratri
Sumealings.
tha al lns
Temberature

itums ano olrngi to a machin

od is applurd
t u hiat pump
TRe
heat a miolium
WAich may be aleasly
Whote ghrectiv is o thus perate
SurrnAnaling.s. A keat pun
Warmr a n
its
be qnd
and a Temberature
Temprature
SusrnAnalings
SurvurolingS
he
betnun temperature are
ar genvrally
general
Heat punpe
Heat bumpc
f t e Sumoaalings
abav a t
above
MM Winler
T
 Spate b
2
hLate T Tat Susunal T ak
A@
Wolc i Wol inbut
W

&uunstinA T: Ta Spat ei T<lxt

Rpierat
T
erformants a
vefigratr and huet pumb enpeku
in term ofCo- eficient f perfommance ( coP)
DeSir fcet
COP WOl inbut

htat exdractud at lns tumperatue

COP)re otk inpur

(CcOP)e -0
2
kear
In har
bumb, dusired eteet ù ts amant f
Scbplid to space being huate

(COPuetpump (-
(COp)t pup + +COPre
(-)
(copkuatp + COPt
at
Whenn veCeiving kat
00 A hat engiL develops 10kw þnJer
rafe 6f kust
2250 Kr/miw. valuate ta lortespondirg
fharate of
eninl hornel huny
sejehw un 22 SD kSi
1 0 ks/s = 6ov ks/miw ond 0
0 kw So Q2 Q-W:
:
2250- 60
W+@,
2.5 0 267 r267%, Q, : t6 5d kJ/mun
 K L I N - PLAN T A T £ MENT
a
Construct an engis
thal shexatu
It impsihle to
other {haw Wo utþut and enchange
and b»Dduces no fect
Cyele
reseryir"
ofheet ith a Singte huat
0
Hat Saur
Heat Socota
W
HE
W

Heat Sink

Heat engis

CLAUSTUSS TATE MGNT in

&o Censtruct a devite that gperates a

It u imbors:LLe hoet o
effect o Kor han t a tvans fer ot
Ccle anal broduces
no

t ahather
Sy&tenv at high timporature
Stom at loo Kenpenatur
System at T| Sstem at T
A W
W -@2
R

tem at tm at T|

a) ImÞosible
 KELVIN- plANK AND CLAUCLUS S TAT
tGuiVALEUCE OF
apbar
Kean pla nk and clautut slalemens ma
shouin
that thay
be
Lo be un Con nac Lesl, bul i t Can easily
Sacond law
clalemanBe of tls
Valually Aup oeltel
ro e cuivalsnt n all ok|pec ts.

(Q Viclaliem of ttu clautus tatemNnt, whitl

ut u fint Cnsieley a Cycic huat pumb P
fo a
reievarlt)
Aranter hat om a Ls tembinatur othor efect i2
tenpoxatue re eneir (t) witw
no
aeP*
Violating elausius
oifio mo enbendutune of AJTk,

tatempnt +iot ReSorvir att

HEYH what Q-02 -)

AQ
Cold vekenvoir at ti Colel tesorvr at t

Violatie of ks clauiui slament statemont

t w asume a Cayclc kat spanakirg betwan
engis
in ons yek
ducing Wnt
Aa Same smal esenvis, that i t
ta hiet ergi A Sucw
TThs ral f werking f riervir equel
e hot
amunt of
kuat @ od te hot rekernoir
dva an
Then
Then ths kot vesenir

ks kuat Aump.
D tlat olickangesl b7 ka haat
kat a, olicehavged b
eminated and ts
that se heat
haet
may be
may See
So we
i fed to h a a t engihe
Pump
 rp P aana haat gins E acting toge te Constitule

oSexating in cqelus ad poolcig nat Nerk

at a Single
i enkagig kaat only wiHy
era bod
finea temporatiai (hA volates t e kalNiw
-

planck s tatamsn

6 ) Violation of Kelwi plank statenant

mokiew macline

a Cen&icde a purpetual
wki an a yele
boluce net
Ot HoSecond kind f ) whic
rekerwr

only one khaxmal enm

ging heat wito
excho
. statenont
violates KelSin plank,
ard Aus
a t T,)

A@ +@

plano Setems
lahn f l u i n heat
Vio entackiv
aa Cyclic haat pump CP)
att T and ditchagin
temberatute
rißerir a T
a llod aa
wiw t
2 pe a
re
esSea
nvvY
ir t t, wi
al
tenperature
drlivert
2
to t s hlgh What k a PMM
at
hAat
wnlo w eghel tv C e n l t i k u aaa
Cenktikua hiat
hsat
enpendi kure f o kogethor
P tvge
oSo onalP t a Cole efct
etact
a Complute Cycle t ole
anel bnduting
An

an Cyckes Kglor t*nprature bolys-

toperature Lodyu
wording 'Kizlan o
Pu Loar
heat fpo a
oftranferi
elatimm c a a s sS tata teenk
teenk
violaing tla
Hur
 2 THERMAL R£SERVOiR

Surea
rekesvir
A Hemel hat)
R n v a s m o n l
SinkJ
tat part f
kaa Sino
Cohi chw Can enccan9e
Hea Sura
a h haat
n tt a Sstem tempasafure
iks
Lerge kaat copaci'ky and it
Lt ha Sficiently to a fom
kaat transfered
by quanhity df
hat
not affecaa and bplies
temperatuoe
ahict as at higt nu
n uc l a r reacfr ett.
reactr
ekt.

builr fusnace,
T h r s e i r

builer funace,
Sauro. bxamnplos haat a4
Knowm al hiaB to shich
i temperature and
whteh i a t Lns Ocean a
7he
vesereir
Atmaphde air
hsat Smk
is Calleel ha
ransfexreel
c a l l e a l ha
laet Smk
Tve etc
AND HEAT pUMP
REPRIGERATOR
3 HEAT N G i N E , Surta, Ti
Hamodlypamjc
hret engahe a
A
olvia udl Canini os brduction f oG( W)
in a
heat whon dherating
rrts pam Q
a l i c prutes Smk, T
is ckaractenseal br
A hRat engin
Heaf engine
A
follnsig fiakures at T.
Sana
Xemperature
a higw
yeCaptiow haa a pen
to mechanical
mechanicel w
wedg w
haat raivee)
Kaat
receivae

Cenvesion st
patial
to a lend temberature Sink
haal o2
emainirg
7efee kion f e f e e fion

at tomperatwe T o
anpresea au ts raHo
mahins i
Te berfur mance st art
any
kave to þay fr' P an ngi
het e hant abalt we
net wrlo
wolk,
haat engie is kiel g ven by
porformanu f a
t y
this
entire amount hrat
f hiak
of Supplied aral
supplicd ard
out pulto Ha