Professional Documents
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Chapter 4
Chapter 4
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Psychometry Chart
Psychometry is the study of the properties of mixture of air and
water vapour.
In some air-conditioning processes, water is removed from the air-
water-vapor (called dehumidification process) and in others water
is added (called humidification process).
Psychrometric principles are applied to
Load calculations, air-conditioning systems, cooling and
dehumidifying coils, cooling towers, and evaporative condensers.
In some equipment there is a heat and mass-transfer process
between air and a wetted surface. Examples:
Some types of humidifiers, dehumidifying and cooling coils, and water-
spray equipment such as cooling tower, and evaporative condensers
Some convenient relations can be developed to express the rates of
heat and mass transfer using enthalpy potentials.
Psychrometric Chart is used to relate properties of a wet-air. 5 6
Saturation line
Let consider the temperature ‘t’ to Combined Heat and mass transfer (the straight line law)
be the abscissa and temporarily the
water-vapour pressure Ps for the
ordinate.
If air flows over a wetted surface, as shown in
First consider the chart to represent
water alone. The saturation line
the figure the condition of air passing over
can now be drawn on the chart.
Data for the saturation line can be
differential area dA changes from condition 1 to
obtained from tables of saturated
water. The region to the right of
2 on a pychrometric chart.
the saturation line represents
superheated water vapour. If the
superheated vapour is cooled at
constant pressure, it will There is actually slight interaction
eventually reach the saturation between the molecules of air and
line, where it begins to condense. water vapour, which changes the
Thus far no air has been presented steam table data slightly.
with the water vapour. Tables A-2 and A-1 reveal
What was the effect if air is practically no significant
presented? difference in pressure at a given
Ideally none. temperature.
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2. Heating and Cooling Load Calculation They influence both the equipment capacity and the
energy required for its operation.
Buildings are built to proved a safe and comfortable
internal environment despite variations in external The primary characteristics of the building envelop of
the system is to provide comfort,
conditions.
Health and comfort criteria:
The extent to which the desired interior The human body is an amazing adaptable organism. With
conditions can be economically maintained is one long-term conditioning the body can function under quite
important measure of the success of the a building extreme thermal conditioning.
design. Variation in outdoor temperature and humidity, may often go
beyond the normal limits of adaptability, and it becomes
Although control of inside conditions is usually
necessary to provide modified conditions indoors in order to
attributed to the active heating and cooling system, the maintain a healthy, comfortable environment.
design of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) must start with an examination of the thermal
characteristics of the envelope.
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Assignment
Problems
3.8;
4.3 for Dire Dawa
5.2
7.1, 7.4, 7.5
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