Collect, Analyze and Organize Information (CAOI)

Trainer: Mr. Beeneil A. Quitola

Qualification Title: N/A NC Level: N/A Total Training Hours:

Name of TVI: Angelita V. Del Mundo Foundation (AVM Foundation) Inc.
Competency/ies to be LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S:
Achieved and Learning After reading and understanding this Information sheet, you should be able to:
Outcomes  Process data.

Learning Activities/ Tasks 1. Read Information Sheet

2. Answer Self-Check
3. Perform Task Sheet

Training Period / Training Lesson 2

Duration
Training Method
Method of Assessment
Learning/Training Resources
Hybrid (Face to Face, Modular and Online Learning Modality)
Written test, Practical/ Performance Test & Interview
TESDA TR & CBC
https://www.simplilearn.com/what-is-data-processing-article

What Is Data Processing: Cycle, Types, Methods, Steps and Examples

By Nikita Duggal

What Is Data Processing?

Data in its raw form is not useful to any organization. Data processing is the method of collecting raw data and
translating it into usable information. It is usually performed in a step-by-step process by a team of data scientists and
data engineers in an organization. The raw data is collected, filtered, sorted, processed, analyzed, stored, and then
presented in a readable format.
Data processing is essential for organizations to create better business strategies and increase their competitive
edge. By converting the data into readable formats like graphs, charts, and documents, employees throughout the
organization can understand and use the data.

All About the Data Processing Cycle

The data processing cycle consists of a series of steps where raw data (input) is fed into a system to produce actionable
insights (output). Each step is taken in a specific order, but the entire process is repeated in a cyclic manner. The first data
processing cycle's output can be stored and fed as the input for the next cycle, as the illustration below shows us.

Fig: Data processing cycle (source)

Generally, there are six main steps in the data processing cycle:
Step 1: Collection
The collection of raw data is the first step of the data processing cycle. The type of raw data collected has a huge
impact on the output produced. Hence, raw data should be gathered from defined and accurate sources so that the
subsequent findings are valid and usable. Raw data can include monetary figures, website cookies, profit/loss statements
of a company, user behavior, etc.

Step 2: Preparation
Data preparation or data cleaning is the process of sorting and filtering the raw data to remove unnecessary and
inaccurate data. Raw data is checked for errors, duplication, miscalculations or missing data, and transformed into a
suitable form for further analysis and processing. This is done to ensure that only the highest quality data is fed into the
processing unit.
The purpose of this step to remove bad data (redundant, incomplete, or incorrect data) so as to begin assembling
high-quality information so that it can be used in the best possible way for business intelligence.

Step 3: Input
In this step, the raw data is converted into machine readable form and fed into the processing unit. This can be in the form
of data entry through a keyboard, scanner or any other input source.

Step 4: Data Processing

In this step, the raw data is subjected to various data processing methods using machine learning and artificial
intelligence algorithms to generate a desirable output. This step may vary slightly from process to process depending on
the source of data being processed (data lakes, online databases, connected devices, etc.) and the intended use of the
output.

Step 5: Output
The data is finally transmitted and displayed to the user in a readable form like graphs, tables, vector files, audio,
video, documents, etc. This output can be stored and further processed in the next data processing cycle.

Step 6: Storage
The last step of the data processing cycle is storage, where data and metadata are stored for further use. This
allows for quick access and retrieval of information whenever needed, and also allows it to be used as input in the next
data processing cycle directly.

What is Data Processing: Types of Data Processing?

There are different types of data processing based on the source of data and the steps taken by the processing
unit to generate an output. There is no one-size-fits-all method that can be used for processing raw data.

Type Uses
Batch Processing Data is collected and processed in batches. Used for large amounts of data.
Eg: payroll system
Real-time Data is processed within seconds when the input is given. Used for small amounts of data.
Processing Eg: withdrawing money from ATM
Online Data is automatically fed into the CPU as soon as it becomes available. Used for continuous
Processing processing of data.
Eg: barcode scanning
Multiprocessing Data is broken down into frames and processed using two or more CPUs within a single computer
system. Also known as parallel processing.
Eg: weather forecasting
Time-sharing Allocates computer resources and data in time slots to several users simultaneously.

What is Data Processing: Data Processing Methods?

There are three main data processing methods - manual, mechanical and electronic.
Manual Data Processing
This data processing method is handled manually. The entire process of data collection, filtering, sorting,
calculation, and other logical operations are all done with human intervention and without the use of any other electronic
device or automation software. It is a low-cost method and requires little to no tools, but produces high errors, high labor
costs, and lots of time and tedium.

Mechanical Data Processing

Data is processed mechanically through the use of devices and machines. These can include simple devices such
as calculators, typewriters, printing press, etc. Simple data processing operations can be achieved with this method. It has
much lesser errors than manual data processing, but the increase of data has made this method more complex and
difficult.

Electronic Data Processing

Data is processed with modern technologies using data processing software and programs. A set of instructions is
given to the software to process the data and yield output. This method is the most expensive but provides the fastest
processing speeds with the highest reliability and accuracy of output.

Examples of Data Processing

Data processing occurs in our daily lives whether we may be aware of it or not. Here are some real-life examples
of data processing:
 A stock trading software that converts millions of stock data into a simple graph
 An e-commerce company uses the search history of customers to recommend similar products
 A digital marketing company uses demographic data of people to strategize location-specific campaigns
 A self-driving car uses real-time data from sensors to detect if there are pedestrians and other cars on the road

Moving from Data Processing to Analytics

If we had to pick one thing that stands out at the most significant game-changer in today’s business world, it’s big
data. Although it involves handling a staggering amount of information, the rewards are undeniable. That’s why companies
that want to stay competitive in the 21st-century marketplace need an effective data processing strategy.
Analytics, the process of finding, interpreting, and communicating meaningful patterns in data, is the next logical
step after data processing. Whereas data processing changes data from one form to another, analytics takes those newly
processed forms and makes sense of them.
But no matter which of these processes data scientists are using, the sheer volume of data and the analysis of its
processed forms require greater storage and access capabilities, which leads us to the next section!

The Future of Data Processing

The future of data processing can best be summed up in one short phrase: cloud computing.
While the six steps of data processing remain immutable, cloud technology has provided spectacular advances in
data processing technology that has given data analysts and scientists the fastest, most advanced, cost-effective, and most
efficient data processing methods today.
The cloud lets companies blend their platforms into one centralized system that’s easy to work with and adapt.
Cloud technology allows seamless integration of new upgrades and updates to legacy systems while offering organizations
immense scalability.
Cloud platforms are also affordable and serve as a great equalizer between large organizations and smaller
companies.
So, the same IT innovations that created big data and its associated challenges have also provided the solution.
The cloud can handle the huge workloads that are characteristic of big data operations.

Want to begin your career as a Big Data Engineer? Check out the Big Data Engineer Training Course and get
certified.

Here’s What You Can Do Next

 Data contains a lot of useful information for organizations, researchers, institutions, and individual users. With
the increase in the amount of data being generated every day, there is a need for more data scientists and data engineers
to help understand these data. Simplilearn’s Data Engineering Certification Course in collaboration with IBM and
partnership with Purdue University offers the highest learning experience to help you master crucial data engineering
skills. By leveraging Purdue University’s academic excellence in data engineering and IBM’s industry-relevant and hands-
on training experience, this program will help fast-track your career as a data engineering professional.
We hope you enjoyed the article “What is Data Processing?” and found it useful. If you have any questions, please
ask them in the comment section, and we’ll get you an answer as soon as we can.

FAQs
Q1. What is Manual Data Processing?
Manual Data Processing is when the entire process is done by humans without using any automation service or
electronic devices. It’s a low cost method of data processing but it is definitely time and labor intensive.
Q2. What is Mechanical Data Processing?
In Mechanical Data Processing, data is processed without human intervention using machines and computers to
automate the process. This includes using simple devices such as calculators, typewriters, etc. With the mechanical
data process, there are less errors and the processing is faster and less intensive.
Q3. What is Electronic Data Processing?
Electronic Data Processing or EDP is the use of automated methods to process commercial data. This process uses
computers to process simple data in large volumes. Examples of this include stock inventory, banking transactions,
etc. This process does not include human intervention and is prone to fewer errors.
Q4. What is Batch Data Processing?
Batch Data Processing is when processing and analysis happens on data that has been stored for a longer period
of time. This process is often applied to large datasets such as payroll, credit card or banking transactions, etc.
Q5. What is Real-time Data Processing?
Real-time Data Processing is when data is processed quickly and in a short-period of time. This system is used
when results are required in a short amount of time, for example stock selling.
Q6. What is Automatic Data Processing
Automatic Data Processing is when a tool or software is used to store, organize, filter and analyze the data. It is
also known as Automated Data Processing.

DO NOT RETURN THIS MODULE.

KEEP IT AS NOTES FOR FUTURE TOPICS & ASSESSMENTS.
 Collect, Analyze and Organize Information (CAOI) Lesson 2 Assessment

Name: Date:
Section: Score:

I. IDENTIFICATION: Identify the word/term that is defined or described by the following statements/ example. (5
Points)
1. ____________________, the process of sorting and filtering the raw data to remove unnecessary and inaccurate
data.
2. ____________________, the raw data is converted into machine readable form and fed into the processing unit.
3. ____________________, the raw data is subjected to various data processing methods using machine learning
and artificial intelligence algorithms to generate a desirable output.
4. ____________________, The data is finally transmitted and displayed to the user in a readable form like graphs,
tables, vector files, audio, video, documents, etc. This output can be stored and further processed in the next data
processing cycle.
5. ____________________, The last step of the data processing cycle is storage, where data and metadata are stored
for further use.

II. TRUE or FALSE: Read each statement below carefully. Write TRUE on the space AFTER each number if you think a
statement it corrects or right or FALSE if you think the statement is incorrect or wrong. (5 Points)
1. ___________, Batch Processing means data is collected and processed in batches. Used for large amounts of data.
2. ___________, Real-time Processing means data is processed within seconds when the input is given.
3. ___________, Online Processing means data is automatically fed into the CPU as soon as it becomes available.
4. ___________, Multiprocessing is also known as parallel processing.
5. ___________, Time-sharing Allocates computer resources and data in time slots to several users simultaneously.

III. ESSAY: Discuss briefly and give or enumerate example. Please use the back of the paper. (10 Points)
 What is the future of Data Processing?

PLEASE RETURN THIS ACTIVITY SHEET TO YOUR TEACHER

FOR CHECKING AND RECORDING PURPOSES.