NAME: NIṄA MAE O.

DIAZ BSA 3A

Chapter 5: Review Questions

1. Define “Ethics”

Ethics is a collection of moral principles or ideals that guide an individual's or

a group's behaviors and decisions. Its major goal is to encourage members of
a company or simply an individual to follow its regulations. As a whole, there
is a fundamental standard that everyone follows that confirms whether a
certain activity is ethical or not.

2. What is the basic purpose of a code of ethics for a profession?

A code of ethics for a profession is perfect for ensuring that workers'
behavior is guided in a socially acceptable and courteous manner. It is also
designed to preserve professionals' rights and reputation. It provides a
standard that urges professionals to operate with discipline and
professionalism.

3. Name and explain the characteristics and values associated with ethical
behavior.
▪ Integrity
This encourages the company members to be courageous, upright
and honorable. It discourages the characteristics of being twofaced
and unscrupulous or adopt an end-justice-the means philosophy that
ignores principles.
▪ Honesty
This aims to govern the employees to disclose only the truth and
aims to eliminate cheating, lying, stealing and deceiving.
▪ Trustworthiness and promise Keeping
This cherishes the essence of trust and full commitments among the
company members. It promotes just and reasonable interpretations
of agreements in order to rationalize noncompliance or excuses in
breaking commitments.
▪ Loyalty and Confidentiality
This refer to being loyal to employers, client and the country. It tells
us not to disclose information learned in confidence and safeguard
the influences and conflicts of interests.
▪ Fairness and Openness
Being fair and open-minded in dealing with different situations. A
person who is willing to commit mistakes, flexible enough to change
his perceptions and beliefs, and equally treats other individuals. He
does not take advantage of other’s weaknesses and has a high
 tolerance of accepting diversity within the
organization.

▪ Caring for Others

Being caring, kind and compassionate towards other people; willing
to share and provide service to others without asking something in
return and willing to help those in need.
▪ Respect for Others
Values respect for dignity and privacy. A person who provides others
the information they need to make reasonable decisions and do not
embarrass nor demean others.
▪ Responsible Citizenship
It promotes a citizen who obeys laws and exercises all democratic
rights by participating to government activities and public service.
Those who belong in high position of leadership should honour
democratic processes of decision making that prioritizes the welfare
of the people. It does not tolerate unnecessary concealment of
information and assure that all decisions are derived from intelligent
choices.
▪ Pursuit of Excellence
It exemplify a person who meets personal and professional
responsibilities with excellence and to the best of his ability. He
should maintain a high degree of competence and does not easily
content with mediocrity.
▪ Accountability
Accepts responsibility for decisions for the foreseeable consequences
of actions and inactions. Those who are in higher positions such as
parents, public officials, teacher and employers should exercise
leadership to safeguard the integrity of their families, the
government and professions.

4. Explain why ethical behaviour is necessary.

Ethical behavior is a critical component in keeping society together. It upholds
correct order among the people and directs them toward peace and
togetherness. It also has a long-term benefit for society since it motivates
people to adopt positive traits and eradicate harmful behaviors that damage
others.

5. What are some of the reasons why people act unethically?

People conduct unethically for two primary reasons. The first occurs when an
individual's ethical standards deviate from those of society as a whole, while
the second occurs when an individual decides to act selfishly. People are
more inclined to act unethically when they are unaware that they are
performing behaviors that are potentially harmful to others.
6. Describe some principles and or values that are related to
a. Personal Ethics
This encompasses the individual’s belief about morality – actions
that are right and wrong. This branch of ethics are commonly
outside an organizations as it involve an intrapersonal relationship.
▪ Basic Justice, fairness
▪ Respect for the right of others
▪ Concern for the right of others
▪ Concern for the well-being on welfare of others
▪ Benevolence, trustworthiness, honesty
▪ Compliance with the law
b. Professional Ethics
This branch of ethics are integrated with corporate standards of
behaviour expected from professionals. It aims to achieve the
highest standards of honesty and integrity among professional that
enhances their performances inside the workplace.
▪ Integrity, impartiality, objectivity
▪ Professional competence
▪ Confidentiality
▪ Professional behaviour
▪ Avoidance of potential or apparent conflict of interest
c. Business Ethics
This is a study of appropriate business policies and practices which
includes potentially controversial subjects such as corporate
governance, bribery, discrimination, corporate social responsibility
and fiduciary responsibilities.
▪ Fair competition
▪ Global as well as domestic justice
▪ Social responsibility
▪ Concern for environment

7. Explain why ethical behaviour is necessary in the practice of one’s

profession.

Ethical behavior is a moral rule that guides how people behave. In general,
this leads to improved working performance for employees. It pushes people
to behave properly, build connections with coworkers, and promote
happiness, which contributes to organizational progress. It aids in the
elimination of acts that may endanger other individuals in the business or
impede an employee's ability to complete his or her job. It also inhibits
individuals from engaging in unethical behavior if there is nothing to direct
them to do the right thing.