Affects of Temperature on a Magnet

Arjun Suji
XII
Galileo
 Acknowledgement
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my teacher and project mentor Ms. Rachna
Gilotra, Physics, Lotus Valley International School, Gurgaon for providing me an
opportunity to do an investigatory project on “Affects of Temperature on a Magnet.“
Her valuable guidance and supervision all through this project are responsible for
attaining the desired results. This project work has helped me to practice scientific
investigation for the study, formulation and experimentation of the research idea.

Name of student:- Arjun Suji

Board Roll No:- 17646912
Signature:-___________
 Index
S.No Contents Page Number
1 Cover Page 1
2 Certificate 2
3 Acknowledgement 3
4 Index 4
5 Aim 5
6 Introduction 6
7 Theory 7
8 Apparatus required
9 Procedure
10 Observations
11 Result
12 Conclusion
13 Bibliography
 Aim

To study the relation between the magnetism of

a magnet with its temperature by using paper
clips.
 Introduction
• Magnets can be found in many everyday items and
technologies such as cars, phones and computers. It is
because of permanent magnets' ability to create their
own magnetic field that they are useful in various
products and situations. However, they are not
impervious. Magnet strength can be affected by certain
environmental changes like temperature. The effect of
temperature on magnets is one of the most interesting
phenomenons to observe and evaluate. In this magnet
experiment, I specifically explore how magnets react
when exposed to different temperatures
 Theory
• Magnets are made up of atoms. In normal
environmental conditions, these atoms align between
the poles and foster magnetism.
• When exposed to hotter conditions, the
particles within the magnet are moving at an
increasingly faster and sporadic rate. This jumbling
confuses and misaligns the particles, causing the
magnetism to be lost.
• In extremely cold temperatures the atoms will
move more slowly and less randomly. This creates a
more controlled alignment of the atoms that produce
the magnetic field and a slightly stronger magnetism.
 Apparatus
• Thermometer
• Tongs
• 2 Bar magnets
• Safety goggles and gloves
• Water
• Ice
• Stove
• Pan
• Plastic bowl
• 100 paper clips
 Procedure
• Part 1: Room Temperature Test
• Do a room temperature magnet test first. Pour
the paper clips into a plastic bowl.
• Submerse one of the neodymium bar magnets
into the bowl of clips and remove it, recording
the number collected.
• Remove the paper clips from the magnet and
set it aside. Replace the paper clips in the
bowl.
• Part 2: Hot Magnet Test
• Hot water and metals can cause serious burns, so it is
important to take necessary safety measures. Put on safety
goggles and gloves.
• Heat about ¾ cup water in a small pan until it reaches
somewhere between 185°-212°F or 85°-100°C. At boiling
point the water should be close to or within this
temperature range. Use your thermometer to check that
the degree is appropriate.
• Using the plastic tongs, gently place the neodymium
magnet in the water. Be extremely careful to avoid
splashing the hot water.
• Let the magnet heat in the water for about 15 minutes.
• Carefully remove the magnet from the water with the
plastic tongs and place it in the bowl of paper clips.
• Observe and record how many paper clips are collected.
• Wait until the magnet is fully cooled before attempting to
handle it without tongs.
• Part 3: Cold Magnet Test with Ice Water
• Place a bowl of ice water in the freezer. Check the
temperature to make sure it is around 32°F or
0°C.
• Put on gloves and goggles as a safety precaution.
• Remove the water once it is at the appropriate
temperature.
• Carefully drop in one neodymium magnet.
• Replace the bowl of ice water in the freezer,
leaving the magnet in for about 15 minutes.
• Remove the magnet from the water using plastic
tongs and submerse it in the bowl of paper clips.
• Pick the magnet up and see how many paper
clips are collected and record your findings.
 Observation
• The heated magnet will not pick up the paper
clips. When heated, magnets will quickly lose
their magnetic properties. The magnet will
become permanently demagnetized if
exposed to these temperatures for a longer
length of time or heated at a significantly
higher temperature.
• Magnet strength will increase with colder
temperature. However, this change in magnet
strength is not as dramatic as the change that
comes with heat exposure. Also, as the
temperature decreases the magnet strength
increases but only to a certain point. Once the
magnets fall below a certain temperature a
change in the magnetization direction will
occur, causing the magnet strength to begin to
decrease instead of increase as it did at less
cold temperatures.
 Result
• Number of paper clips picked up by room
temperature magnet = 10
• Number of paper clips picked up by heated
magnet = 0
• Number of paper clips picked up by cold
magnet = 14
 Conclusion
• When temperature is decreased the magnet’s
strength increase
• When temperature is increased the magnet
loses its properties
 Bibliography
• Amexmagnets.com
• Seminarsonly.com
• Byjus.com