National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra

Mid Sem I
Subject: Discrete Mathematics Structure Subject Code: MCA 105
Time: 60 Minutes MM: 15Marks
Note: All Questions are compulsory.

1) a) Translate the statement into logical expression “Some real numbers are rational”. (1Mark)

P(x)= real numbers, Q(x)= rational numbers ∃x (PQ)

OR

U is universal domain of real numbers. xU, ∃x Q(x)

b) What are the contra positive, the converse and the inverse of the conditional statement “If you work hard
then you will be rewarded”. (1Mark)

contra positive= if you will not be rewarded then you will not work hard

converse= if you will be rewarded then you will work hard

inverse= if you will not work hard then you will not be rewarded

c) Show that ( 𝑝→𝑟)∧(𝑞→𝑟)𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑝∨𝑞)→𝑟 are logically equivalent. (1Mark)

This can be shown by truth table or by the laws.
 National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
Mid Sem I
Subject: Discrete Mathematics Structure Subject Code: MCA 105
Time: 60 Minutes MM: 15Marks
Note: All Questions are compulsory.

d) (2Marks)
 National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
Mid Sem I
Subject: Discrete Mathematics Structure Subject Code: MCA 105
Time: 60 Minutes MM: 15Marks
Note: All Questions are compulsory.

2) a) For spot round students: Construct a Hasse diagram for ({2, 3, 4, 12, 20, 24, 48, 72}, /) (2Marks)

48 72

24

12 20

2 3

For others: A box contains 4 red, 7 green, 11 blue, 11 yellow and 14 white balls. What is the
minimum no. of balls we have to choose randomly from the box to ensure that we get 8 balls of same
color?
4+7+7+7+7+1= 33

b) Find the equivalent set, given P, Q, R are sets (2Marks)

Universal Set
c) Consider f, g and h, all functions on the integers, by f (n) =n2, g (n) = n + 1 and h (n) = n-1.
Determine (i) hofog n2+2n (ii) gofoh n2-2n+2 (1Mark)

3) a) Let R be the relation on a set A={1,2,5,7} defined as {(1,1),(1,7),(2,5),(5,1),(5,7)}. Find the transitive
closure of R. (2Marks)

by using Warshall algorithm (1,1),(1,7),(5,1),(5,7),(2,1), (2,7)

b)Consider set S={a,b,c,d} with this partition: {{a,b},{c},{d}}. Find the ordered pairs for the relation R,
induced by the partition. (2Marks)

(a,a), (a,b), (b,a), (b,b), (c,c), (d,d)

c) The following is the Hasse diagram of the poset [{a, b, c, d, e}, ≤]. Determine whether it is a
complemented lattice, distributed lattice (1Mark)
 National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
Mid Sem I
Subject: Discrete Mathematics Structure Subject Code: MCA 105
Time: 60 Minutes MM: 15Marks
Note: All Questions are compulsory.

Complemented lattice because in this figure, b,c,d has more than one complement.