Lab no 10

Objective:
For 9-bus power system 2 random generator outages as N-1 contingency state whether the
system is convergent or divergent. By changing the contingency level to N-1 contingency.
Results values comprise of detailed information of total fuel cost, per unit cost, bus voltage, bus
angles, active and reactive power flow.

Software to be used:
 MATLAB software
 MATPOWER 7.1
THEORY
Introduction:
MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation
of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other
languages. The MATLAB application is built around the MATLAB programming language.
Common usage of the MATLAB application involves using the "Command Window" as an
interactive mathematical shell or executing text files containing MATLAB code.

Advantages of MATLAB:
 Ease of use.
 Platform independence.
 Predefined functions.
 Device-independent plotting.
 Graphical user interface.
 MATLAB compiler.

MATPOWER:
MATPOWER is designed to give the best performance possible while keeping the code simple
to understand and modify. MATPOWER is a package of free, open-source Matlab-language M-
files for solving steady-state power system simulation and optimization problems, such as:
 power flow (PF)
 continuation power flow (CPF)
 extensible optimal power flow (OPF)
 unit commitment (UC)
 stochastic, secure multi-interval OPF/UC.
9-Bus System:
This WSCC 3 Machines, 9 Bus Test Case (known as P.M Anderson 9 Bus represents a simple
approximation of the Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) to an equivalent system
with nine buses and three generators.

Block Diagram:

Procedure:
 Firstly opened the IEEE-9 bus power system by using the following commands: a
= loadcase(‘case9’);
 Then opened the generator outage using the command: a.gen(1,8) = 0;
 After that I changed the values of generator 1 and next to 0 using command:
a.gen(x,8) = 1;
 Then changed and observed the values for all five generators.
 At the end, also checked the stability of it.

MATLAB Code:
 a=loadcase(‘case9’)
 runopf(a)
 a.gen(1,8)=0;
 runpf(a)
  a.gen(1,8)=0;
 a.gen(1,8)=0;
 a.gen(1,8)=0;
 runpf(a)

Convergent:
When difference of N-1 contingency is less than +- 6% the system is convergent.

Divergent:
When difference of N-1 contingency is greater than +- 6% the system is divergent.

Observation table:
Sr no. Generator Bus(V1) Bus(V2) After ∆V Remarks
angle Before N-1 Contingency
Contingency

1 1 1 1 0 Convergent
2 0.984 0.984 0 difference is
less than +-6
3 1 1 0
4 1 1 0
5 1 1 0
2 1 1 1 0 Convergent
2 0.989 0.989 0 difference is
less than +-6
3 1 1 0
4 1 1 0
5 1 1 0
3 1 1 1 0 Convergent
2 0.989 0.956 0.033 difference is
less than +-6
3 1 0.956 0.044
4 1 1 0
5 1 1 0
4 1 1 1 0 Convergent
2 0.989 0.989 0 difference is
less than +-6
3 1 1 0
4 1 0.981 0.019
5 1 1 0
5 1 1 1 0 Convergent
2 0.989 0.990 0.001 difference is
less than +-6
3 1 1 0
 4 1 1 0
5 1 1 0

Total fuel cost:

Bus data:

Branch data and voltage constrains:

Load vs Bus voltage:

 1.005

0.995
B u s v o lt a g e (p u )

0.99

0.985

0.98

0.975

0.97

0.965 y = V1,V3,V4,V5
y = V2
0.96
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250
Load (MW)

Angles VS Total Load:

3
bus angles (degree)

y = V1 Angle
2 y = V2 Angle
y= V3 Angle
1 y= V4 Angle
y=V5 angle

-1

-2

-3
1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250
total Load (MW)

Conclusion:
In this experiment, was able to know the working of the MATPOWER IEEE-9 Load Bus Power
System. So, came to know the system behavior in the sense of convergent and divergent too.