English for Specific Purposes

For Japanese Studies

Student

Compiled by ESP Team for Japanese Studies

Unit 1 : Food
Skills : READING WRITING
Using background knowledge, Identifying text type and purpose
reading news item

WARMS UP
Discuss these following questions with your partner:

1. Rank these into your top 3 tastiest food. Share your rankings to the class.

• Japanese • American
• Indonesian • Chinese
• Thailand • Italian

2. What do you think of Japanese food?

3. What famous Japanese dishes do you know?

READING

ACTIVITY 1: GAP FILLS

31 December 2014 artistic

ranges
celebrate
traditional
The United Nations is going to put (1) Japanese
food on its list of important world cuisines. It will be the fifth time unique
for UNESCO to give a country's or region's food its cultural status
heritage (2) . French, Mediterranean, Mexican and
Turkish food are already on the (3) . Traditional dishes
Japanese food is called 'Washoku'. It is very famous for its variety. list
It (4) from sushi (raw fish on rice) to
ramen noodles, tempura and sukiyaki. Japan’s Agency for Cultural
Affairs said it wants to put all of its food on the list, not just one
or two famous (5) . The agency said Japanese food
is special because of its (6) presentation. It also
uses (7) ingredients. Many dishes are important
because they (8) the four seasons.

'Washoku' is very healthy and has a good (9) of communities

minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates and (10) . It is
harvest
one of the reasons why Japanese people live for so long. It also
helps to keep obesity (11) low. The cuisine is also
 important as different meals throughout the year help to bring protein
families and (12) together. Food plays an
spirit
important (13) in many ceremonies that mark
seasonal traditions. The menu for New Year’s celebrations, rice balance
planting events and (14) festivals are all very
role
different. Japan's government said food helps Japanese people
keep a strong (15) of culture. It also said sense
'Washoku' is closely "associated with an essential
levels
(16) of respect for nature."

JAPANESE FOOD SURVEY

Write five GOOD questions about Japanese food in the table. Do this in pairs. Each
student must write the questions on his / her own paper. When you have finished, interview
other students. Write down their answers.

QUESTIONS STUDENT 1 STUDENT 2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
TEXT TYPE: NEWS ITEM

SOCIAL FUNCTION:

To inform readers or listener about events of the day which are considered
news-worthy or important.

SCHEMATIC STRUCTURE:

Headline eye-catching title

Summary of events a summary recount of a newsworthy event

Background Events elaboration of what happened, to whom, in what

circumstances

Sources comments by participants or authorities on the

subject

(Background events and sources are typically interspersed and occur

repeatedly throughout the text)

SIGNIFICANT GRAMMATICAL PATTERNS

• Use of short telegraphic information about story in headline

• Verbs action to retell the story
• Use of verbs of thinking and feeling to give an insight into the
participants’ reactions to events
• Verbs of saying to quote or report what participants and authorities said
• Focus on circumstances of time and place
• Focus on specific participants (frequently occurring at the beginning of
sentences)

ACTIVITY 2

Go back to the reading section and determine the appropriate

headline of the passage. Remember, headline should be eye-catching!
WRITING

ACTIVITY 3: WHAT HAPPENED NEXT?

Write a newspaper article about the Japanese Food based on your interview
findings.
Unit 2 : Japan’s Birth Rate
Skills : Reading Skills

WARMS UP:

1. Predicting
a. Look at the headlines of the articles below. What do you think the articles
talkabout?

_
b. Read the article quickly! Was your prediction in number 1.a, correct?

2. Using background knowledge

Read these statements. Circle the best words in italics for having children in
Indonesia.
a. Fewer/more people today wants to have children.
b. People are getting ignorant/aware to have children.
c. In the future, not many/many people will have children.

Number of Children in Japan at record low

7th may, 2014 (http://www.chinapost.com.tw/china/national-news)

The number of children in Japan aged 14 and under is the lowest ever. Japan's
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications released figures yesterday, just before the
country's Children's Day national holiday on May the 5th. The figures show that the number
of children in Japan fell by 160,000 from the previous year. It is the 33rd year in a row for
the birthrate to decrease. There are 13 million fewer children in Japan today than there
were in 1950. The Ministry said that out of 30 countries with a population of over 40 million,
Japan has the smallest percentage of kids. Children make up 12.8 per cent of Japan's
population. In France, the figure is 18.5 per cent and in the United States, it is 19.5 per cent.
While the number of children in Japan is going down, the number of old people is
increasing. The over-65s now make up a record 25.6 per cent of the Japanese population.
The government has warned that these trends will continue for decades to come. It said the
proportion of people aged 65 or over could reach nearly 40 per cent in 2060. This will make
life in Japan almost impossible for young, working people. They will have to pay much
higher taxes to support the over-65s. The Japanese economy will also be in big trouble
because there will not be enough young people to work. Japan's government has tried many
things to get people to have more babies, but nothing seems to be working.
 Japanese government to play matchmaker
17th march, 2014 (http://www.chinapost.com.tw/china/national-news)

Japan's government is playing Cupid to get more couples to have babies. Japan has
one of the lowest birth rates in the world. It is trying new ways to get people to have
children. One of these is matchmaking. Japan will support local government projects for
speed dating, matchmaking and other ways to coax couples to get together. There will be
big efforts over the next five years to fix this "critical situation". Japan could face serious
social problems.
One reason for Japan's falling birth rate is the cost of having children. The
government hopes it can help with this. These include plans for free nurseries, help with
fertility treatment, and taking paternity leave to 80% by 2020. There are also plans to help
families with three or more children. By 2060, nearly 40% of people in Japan will be over 65.
They already make up 25%. The birth rate fell from 4.54 children per mother in 1947 to just
1.42 in 2014.
GLOSSARY (Find the meaning of these words on your dictionary)
1. Figures :

2. Birthrate :

3. Matchmaker :

4. Population :

5. Trends :

6. Proportion :

7. Record :

8. Cost :

9. Coax :

10. Matchmaking :

3. Responding to the text

a) What springs to mind when you hear the word 'children'?
b) How important are children to a country?

c) What do you think of the record low number of children in Japan?

d) What problems are with ageing population?

e) What kind of trouble might the Japanese economy be in?

f) What do you think the government should do to have more babies in Japan?

g) How can a country survive if it is full of old people?

h) What are the advantages of an ageing population?

i) What's the best number of children for a couple to have

 __
j) Is it too expensive to have more than a few children?

__
Unit 3 : Technology
Activity : Movie Screening ‘The Wind Rises’
Grammar Booster : Passive Voice and Passive Adjective

The Wind Rises is a 2013 Japanese animated historical drama film written and directed
by Hayao Miyazaki and animated by Studio Ghibli. It was released by Toho on July 20, 2013, in
Japan, and by Touchstone Pictures in North America on February 21, 2014. The Wind Rises is a
fictionalized biopic of Jiro Horikoshi (1903–1982), designer of the Mitsubishi A5M fighter
aircraft and its successor, the Mitsubishi A6M Zero, used by the Empire of Japan during World
War II. The film is adapted from Miyazaki's manga of the same name, which was in turn
loosely based on the 1937 short story The Wind Has Risen by Tatsuo Hori. It was the final film
directed by Miyazaki before his retirement in September 2013. The Wind Rises was the
highest-grossingJapanese film in Japan in 2013 and received widespread critical acclaim. It
won and was nominated for several awards, including nominations for the Academy Award
for Best Animated Feature, the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and the
Japan Academy Prize for Animation of the Year.
The Wind Rises received critical acclaim; Rotten Tomatoes sampled 163 reviews and
judged 88% of them to be positive, giving the film a "Certified Fresh" rating, with an average
score of 7.9/10. Film critic David Ehrlich rated the film 9.7/10 and called it, "Perhaps the
greatest animated film ever made." The Japan Times gave the film a 3.5 stars out of 5, and
states "A visually sumptuous celebration of an unspoiled prewar Japan’.

VOCABULARY
Find the meaning of these words/phrases in Bahasa Indonesia
Japanese animated historical drama :

A fictionalized biopic of Jiro Horikoshi:

Highest-grossing Japanese Film:

Best Animated Feature:

A Certified Fresh Rating:

Perhaps the greatest animated film ever made :

A visually sumptuous celebration of an unspoiled prewar Japan :

 Movie Review
Moviemaking is an amazing and colorful world filled with magic, joy, and fantasy.
The films have become an important part of our culture. We watch them, we discuss them,
and we love them. And one more thing: we write movie reviews. Unfortunately, creating a
high-quality review may seem a difficult task, especially for beginners.
How to Prepare for Writing a Movie Review
Before we explain bit by bit how to write a film review, it is necessary to tell more
about the prewriting activities.

You have to take a note that the length of a movie review doesn’t usually exceed
the limit of 1000 words. However, even a short film review requires thorough preparation
that may last a couple of days.

First of all, you should choose the movie if your instructor doesn’t assign it.
Sometimes, the instructions only specify the genre or the thematic content of the film. In
that case, try to find a renowned film that has been well received both by critics and the
audience. As a result, chances are high that you’ll enjoy the movie and write a good review.

Next step is to watch the film. Be ready for two or even three viewings, because it
is almost impossible to notice all details on the first attempt. During the first viewing, you
should immerse yourself in the atmosphere of the movie in order to get an overall impression.
At that moment, don’t worry about details and content; just go with the stream of the story.
The second viewing requires much more attention than inspiration. Look closer at the
specific aspects of editing, cinematography, acting, sound, etc. If the film touches on some
events or issues that you don’t know much about, provide research. You have to gather
enough information, otherwise your opinion can’t be considered as cogent and credible.

If you don’t succeed at formulating a central claim for your review after two viewings,
you should probably watch the movie for the third time or, at least, a few key scenes. Your
task is to find a suitable way to connect the thematic and the technical content of the film
in order to evaluate their combination.

You may also watch the movies created by the same director for a better
understanding of his or her individual style. Since acting is the base of every film, you can
also check out how actors portray other characters and decide if this particular role
corresponds with their regular specialization.

Take notes about the breathtaking scenes, key moments, and impressive details.
Your memos will serve you as a starting point for your review. You should also note verbatim
some phrases of the main characters. They may serve as a great epigraph for your movie
review.

You can’t know everything about the film just from watching it. Investigate the
background and, with a bit of patience and luck, you’ll find a great number of interesting
facts that can decorate your review and make it more attractive for readers. You should
mention some details about the process of shooting, the difficulties faced by the production
team, and other curiosities.

If the movie claimed prestigious awards, it would sound like an immaculate argument
for cinephiles to watch it immediately. You shouldn’t neglect the informative details, but
don’t get carried away! Remember that the review has to also include your personal opinion
along with general information about the movie.

Before writing your own movie review, you can read some professional reviews
written by professional critics. You can find them on the websites of well-known newspapers
or magazines like The Washington Post, The New Yorker, Rolling Stone, The New York Times,
etc.

10 Questions to Ask Before Writing a Movie Review

1. Is this film part of a franchise? How does it suit the series?

2. Is the plot based on a novel, fantasy, or real-life events?

3. Did the writer manage to create a clear and captivating plot?

4. Is the rhythm of the movie dynamic or smooth? Are there too many needless details?

5. What is the target audience of the film? Is it G-rated, R-rated, or unrated?

6. Do movies on the same theme/topic that are worth mentioning in your review exist?

7. What sorts of shots does the cameraman use in the film? How do these techniques
affect the overall impression?

8. Does the movie have an exclusively entertaining character or touch on serious issues?

9. Was the casting successful? Did all actors manage to portray their characters?

10. What is the general atmosphere of the movie? Is it tense/joyful/obscure?

If you answer all these questions, you’ll get an approximate draft for your movie review. Of
course, that is not enough. Now, we will continue our helpful guideline on how to write a
movie review step by step.

How to Write a Great Movie Review Step by Step.

Writing a film review is a complex and long process. The reasonable question
here would be, “How do you write a movie review and avoid getting puzzled by all
the details?” The easiest way to complete your paper is to break the writing process
down into a few stages. This method allows for managing your time more accurately.

1. Begin with a catchy introduction.

Your introductory paragraph should include essential information about the

movie: title, genre, director’s name, and release date. You can also mention, if
appropriate, the awards (the most prestigious ones), the budget and the box office (if
they are impressive), and the cast members. In addition to the general information, it
is necessary to include your thesis into the introduction. A compelling thesis is a
starting point for the critical part of your review that goes beyond the elementary plot
summary and description of the technical elements. The thesis may display different
aspects such as:

• the connection between the film’s central idea and the current issues or
events;

• the similarity between the plot and your personal experience;

• the interrelation between the thematic content of the film and its formal
elements.

2. Don’t put your evaluation into cold storage.

If your readers don’t have much time to read the entire review, you can, at least,
provide them with your evaluation at the beginning of the text. Don’t reserve your
personal opinion for the concluding paragraph. You are not a crime writer: lay your
cards on the table in the first or the second paragraph.

3. Compose a brief plot summary.

Describe four or five major events but don’t reveal the ending. Besides, avoid
the “spoilers” by all means because your readers will hate you for destroying the
suspense. If you still want to mention a significant turn, please, warn the readers about
it.

4. Describe an overall impression.

The main purpose of the plot summary is to tell what the film is about. The
description should inform the readers not about what you’ve seen but what you’ve felt.
Mention the emotions and thoughts awakened by the concrete scenes, the most
touching score, and the moments that pulled your heartstrings. Share your cinematic
experience in order to make your review less formal and more personal.

5. Determine the purpose of the movie.

Answer the question, “Why was this film created?” Sometimes, you may find
the response in the interviews with the members of the shooting team. In other cases,
the purpose can be obvious thanks to the plot. If the movie has an entertaining
characteristic, don’t try to dig deeper to find some implied sense. Certain films are
good because of their simplicity.

6. Add some details about filmmaking.

The analysis of the formal techniques is an indispensable part of any exhaustive
movie review. Concentrate your attention on one or two elements that you consider to
be the most significant for this particular film. Be careful with the specific terminology
because your movie review shouldn’t look like a crossword. Here are some aspects
that you can describe:

• Cinematography
 This term includes everything that happens with cameras during the shooting.
You can describe three main aspects of cinematography if you see them as
important for comprehension of the film: camera movement, camera angles,
and camera distances.

• Sound

Although the sound affects the atmosphere of the movie as well as the visual
elements, it is often underestimated. However, talented film score composers
are highly praised in the movie-making world. Every sound in the film can be
classified as diegetic and non-diegetic. Diegetic sound is like thunder,
birdsong, barking, or conversations in the restaurant are the part of the
narration. Non-diegetic sound is like off-screen commentaries or film scores
that come from outside the universe of the film.

• Editing

In a nutshell, the goal of editing is to create a smooth connection between all

pieces of the film. The editor creates the “world of the story” in order to give
the viewer a sense of space. The filmmakers use various methods to
compose the integral reality of the movie: graphic similarities, eyeline match,
establishing shots, etc.

• Mise-en-scène

This aspect is the most global because it includes literally everything that you
see on the screen. Every landscape, actor’s smile, and visual effect is a part
of the mise-en-scène.

7. Look for the deep meaning.

A good movie is never superficial. There are always key phrases, symbolic
things, and repeating elements that are significant for the deeper understanding of
the film and, consequently, for your overarching review. Be attentive in order to
unlock all secrets of filmmaking!

8. Provide the examples.

No review can sound trustworthy without examples. Phrases like “the acting is
great” or “the sound is bad” don’t inspire trust. Be more specific! For example, when
you talk about the portrayal of a particular character, mention what exactly makes
the actor relevant for this role: appearance, manner of speaking, facial expressions,
etc.

9. Write a strong conclusion.

Remind your readers about the film elements that impressed you the most.
Add some personal recommendations and specify for whom this film will be more
interesting and why. Remember that your conclusion is the last chance to convince
your readers, so do your best!
10. Edit and proofread your movie review.
Read your paper two or three times. Correct all the mistakes: word choice,
grammar, style, spelling, typos, etc. Errors can spoil even the most professional review!

Source: https://answershark.com/writing/creating-review/how-to-write-movie-
review.html

Movie Review 1
'Weathering With You': Breezy with scattered showers
Written by James Hadfield on July 24th, 2019

Arriving in the middle of a seemingly

endless rainy season in Tokyo, “Weathering
With You” feels like it’s benefitted from an
ingenious stealth marketing campaign. Little
has been left to chance with Makoto Shinkai’s
follow-up to “Your Name.” The film raked in
nearly $360 million globally, turning its creator
into the most commercially successful anime
maker since Hayao Miyazaki.

Some people would be overwhelmed by

the pressure to repeat such a feat, but Shinkai
barely flinches. “Weathering With You” doubles
down on a lot of what made its predecessor such a hit with audiences, from the maximalist
visuals to the Radwimps soundtrack, without feeling quite so much like it was focus-grouped
to be as addictive to 16-year-olds as bubble tea.
Once again, the story centers on two teenagers who appear destined to become more
than just good friends. Hodaka (voiced by Kotaro Daigo) arrives in Tokyo after running away
from home, for reasons that are never explained,
and soon finds himself sleeping on the streets of WEATHERING WITH YOU (TENKI NO KO)
the seedy Kabukicho district.
Rating
That’s where he first encounters Hina 🌟🌟🌟/🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟
(Nana Mori), a plucky orphan who lives with her
younger brother, Nagi (Sakura Kiryu), and boasts Run Time 114 mins.
an unusual superpower. After a fateful visit to an
abandoned rooftop shrine, she’s been able to Language JAPANESE
bring fair weather on a rainy day.

While Hodaka finds work interning at an Opens 21 Agustus 2019

occult magazine run by the rakish Suga (Shun
Oguri), he discovers a more lucrative enterprise hiring out Hina’s services online. The capital
is in the grip of a prolonged rainy season, and everyone from brides-to-be to the organizers
of the Jingu Gaien fireworks is keen to take advantage of her powers.

However, those powers turn out to have a significant cost. By bringing sunshine into
other people’s lives, Hina may have to sacrifice her own.
 All of the familiar Shinkai hallmarks are here: the gushing adolescent emotions, sci-
fi hokum and Shinto mysticism, mixed with some welcome real-world grit. When Hodaka
and pals go on the run and spend a night crashed out in a love hotel, you could be watching
a Hirokazu Kore-eda film.

Yet the storytelling is surprisingly sloppy. A plot thread involving a gun that Hodaka
finds in a trash can is totally out of place. It’s also hard to get invested in narrative tangents
involving Suga’s attempts to repair his relationship with his young daughter, or the world-
weary detective (Sei Hiraizumi) who ends up on Hodaka’s tail.

On a purely technical level, Shinkai has surpassed himself. Tokyo is rendered with
such painstaking fidelity that the film could be used as an artifact by future historians
wanting to know what the capital looked like in mid-2019. Unusually for an anime, even the
brand names are authentic, although when many of those brands — from Cup Noodle to part-
time job site Baitoru — are running tie-in ad campaigns, Shinkai’s insistence on
verisimilitude seems to have converged with straight-up product placement.

Like Disney’s remake of “The Lion King,” the film’s hyperrealism tends to impress
rather than inspire wonder. What’s frustrating is that, when “Weathering With You” shows
the known world in a radically different light during an extended coda, it’s far more
intriguing than what’s come before. Shinkai’s film is an entertaining ride, but it ends up
where it really should have started.

Source: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/07/24/films/film-reviews/weather-
ing-breezy-scattered-showers/#.XV9pJd5vBDs

Movie Review 2
‘Shoplifters’ is a Multilayered Discussion of Poverty and Survival
W r i t t e n b y S a r a C l e m e n t o n O c t o b e r 2 3 rd , 2 0 1 8

In Shoplifters, Hirokazu Kore-eda produces an emotional film that transports the

audience into the confines of a claustrophobic, cluttered atmosphere; brimming with
warmth as he introduces a family of loveable criminals. In this little shack on the edges of
society live Osamu (Lily Franky), his
wife Nobuyo (Sakura Andô), her
sister Aki (Mayu Matsuoka),
grandmother Hatsue (Kirin Kiki), and
son Shota (Jyo Kairi). Money is a
prevalent theme in this household –
there’s never enough.

Osamu gets occasional work

in construction, but when he loses
his job due to injury, the family must
rely on the money Nobuyo brings
home from her factory job. When
she is laid off, all they have left is
Hatsue’s pension. In the midst of all of this, Aki makes little as she works in a strip club.
They are living in poverty, struggling to survive. In order to get by, Osamu teaches his son
Shota to shoplift, which becomes a daily ritual, as they steal food, clothing, shampoo, and
so on. One day, after a spree of thievery, they discover Yuri (Miyu Sasaki), a little girl playing
outside in the cold. Osamu takes her home, and they soon learn that she is being subjected to
daily abuse by her parents. Despite their poverty, they take Yuri in as their own, and because
of her circumstances, they view themselves as saviours, not kidnappers.

The film is small and the script subtle, but it’s contemplative and loud as it explores
these complex characters, their relationships, and their development. Mystery surrounds this
family, as their real dynamic isn’t properly explained until the end. But the intrigue and
investment in their family life never dims, even as the revelations build up and hit you like a
ton of bricks. Despite the characters’ immoral actions, Kore-eda brings a great amount of
humanity and empathy to a narrative that, if executed by a more conventional filmmaker, would
be lacking. The consequences that ensue as a result of the actions taken by our protagonists
aren’t sugar-coated by the filmmaker, but Kore-eda allows the audience to reflect on societal
values generally speaking, and to consider their circumstances without judgment.

The cinematography is simplistic but beautifully displays Japanese life and

surroundings, told from the perspective of the most vulnerable. The film, at its core, is a
discussion of classism, capitalism, and the human condition. It’s multilayered as it explores
poverty, parentage, and aging. We see this family at the bottom of the totem pole, struggling
to survive with capitalism crushing them, as they are without any middle-class comforts. Kore-
eda, through his storytelling, brings forth a visual representation of the disappearance of the
middle class and growing economic inequality.

Kore-eda asks many things: What will people choose to sacrifice when faced with
adversity? What makes a family a family? What makes a parent a parent? These are all
powerful questions that the filmmaker tackles with ease. With the family’s informal adoption
of Yuri, Kore-eda demonstrates that family is not constrained by blood. The beautiful bond
that the family and Yuri form with each other makes the audience fall in love with this family
of shoplifters as their life slowly falls apart.

Source: http://reelhoney.com/review-shoplifters-koreeda-poverty-survival/

Speaking Skill: Group Presentation

In group, find one Japanese movie to be reviewed. Submit the written review in the first
meeting of presentation session. Discuss and present the result in the class. Your presentation
must provide these following aspects:

1. Description of the movie: title, year of release, duration and rating.

2. The director (Explain who he/she and what is his/her other works)
3. The character and the story of the movie
4. The acting and cinematography of the movie
5. The strength and the weakness of the movie
6. Your personal opinion about the movie
Unit 4 : Future Plans
Grammar Booster : Expressing Future
Writing Skill : Graduate Personal Essay

1. EXPRESSING FUTURE

WILL vs GOING TO
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE

(1) I will begin to study at seven. You will Situation number 1 expresses an activity that

come at eight. I will be studying when will be in progress at a time in the future

you come

(2) Don’t call me at nine because I won’t Won’t = Will Not

be home. I am going to be studying The progressive form of be going to is :

at the library. Be going to + be +-ing

(3) Don’t get impatient. She will be Sometimes there is little of no difference
coming soon. between the future progressive and simple
(4) Don’t get impatient. She will come future, especially when the future event will
soon. occur at an unspecific time (as situation

number 3 and 4)

FUTURE PERFECT
(5) I will graduate in June. I will see you in The future perfect expresses an activity that
July. By the next time I see you, I will will be completed before another time or
have graduated. event in the future.
(Notice in the examples: by the time,
(6) I will have finished my homework by
introduces a time clause; the simple present
the time I go out on a date tonight.
is used in a time clause.)

FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

(7) When Professor Jones retires next
month, he will have taught for 45
years.
(8) When Professor Jones retires next
month, he will have been teaching for
45 years.
Sometimes the future perfect and the future
perfect progressive give the same meaning,
as in (7) and (8). Also notice that the activity
expressed by either of these two tense may
begin in the past.

(9) I will arrive at 7 while he just goes at The future perfect progressive emphasizes
8. The trip takes 2 hours long. I will the duration of an activity that will be in
have been waiting for 3 hours by the progress before another time or event in the
time he arrives. future.

You can also express future time using Present Progressive and Simple Present
 Present Progressive
(1) I have an appointment with my
dentist. I am seeing Dr. Wulan next
frifay
(2) She has booked a ticket. She is
leaving at noon tomorrow.
(3) A: What are you going to do after
class?
B: After class I am dating with my
crush. We are going shopping.
It is used to express future time when the
idea of the sentence concerns a planned
event or definite intention.
A future meaning for the present progressive
tense is indicated either by future time words
in the sentences or by the context.

Simple Present
(1) The café opens at ten tomorrow The simple present can also be used to
morning. express future time in sentences that concern
(2) English class begins next week. events that are on a definite schedule or
(3) Her flight departs at 12.00 p.m next timetable. These sentences usually contain
Monday. future time words.

Only a few verbs are used in this way.

Example: open, close, begin, end, start, finish,
arrive, leave, come, return.

2. GRADUATE PERSONAL ESSAY

Writing about the future in a graduate personal statement can be an enjoyable task. Planning
your career, thinking ahead to achieving your goals, and “dreaming big” are the best parts of
writing about the future.

Graduate personal statements should always include some of the following components in a
paragraph devoted to the future.
• Forecast your short term and long-term goals. (Include interim goals, if applicable.)
• Define your future career, offering specific details.
• Develop ideas and plans as to how the graduate degree will contribute to your future
career.
• Project industry growth, increased demand for employees. Relate it to your specific
field.
Sample Essays:

Having majored in literary studies (world literature) as an undergraduate, I would now like
to concentrate on English and American literature. I am especially interested in
nineteenth-century literature, women's literature, Anglo-Saxon poetry, and folklore and
folk literature.

In my studies toward a doctoral degree, I hope to examine more closely the relationship
between high and folk literature. Writing poetry also figures prominently in my academic
and professional goals. I have just begun submitting to the smaller journals with some
success and am gradually building a working manuscript for a collection. The dominant
theme of this collection relies on poems that draw from classical, biblical, and folk
traditions, as well as everyday experience, in order to celebrate the process of giving and
taking life, whether literal or figurative. My poetry draws from and influences my academic
studies. Much of what I read and study finds a place in my creative work as subject. At the
same time, I study the art of literature by taking part in the creative process, experimenting
with the tools used by other authors in the past.

In terms of a career, I see myself teaching literature, writing criticism, and going into
editing or publishing poetry. Doctoral studies would be valuable to me in several ways.
First, your teaching assistant ship program would provide me with the practical teaching
experience I am eager to acquire. Further, earning a Ph.D. in English and American
literature would advance my other two career goals by adding to my skills, both critical
and creative, in working with language. Ultimately, however, I see the Ph.D. as an end in
itself, as well as a professional stepping stone; I enjoy studying literature for its own sake
and would like to continue my studies on the level demanded by the Ph.D. program.

https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/642/02/

TASK!
WRITING PERSONAL STATEMENT EXERCISE:

CREATE A PROPER PERSONAL STATEMENT AS EXAMPLE GIVEN. MAKE SURE THAT YOUR

ESSAY COVER ALL OF THE COMPONENTS.

Unit 5 : Studying Abroad
Grammar Booster : Conditional Sentence

Universities in Japan
If you fancy studying in Japan, the homeland of the bullet train, Nintendo Wii, instant
noodles in a pot and of course karaoke, you’ll be pleased to know Japan wants you too. The
government is keen to attract more international students, and has set a target of having
300,000 foreign students in the country by 2020 (it reached the 100,000 mark in 2003). As a
result, universities are focusing on making life easier for foreign students, from the application
process all the way through to finding a job after graduation.
One thing that will certainly help to attract international students is the introduction of
more courses taught partly or entirely in English. Other schemes to attract more overseas
students include:

• Hiring special staff to support international students,

• Allowing students to start courses in September (instead of April, which is when
Japan’s academic year usually starts),
• Recruiting more teaching staff from outside Japan,
• Increasing exchange programs with universities in other countries.
Aware that living and studying in Japan is expensive compared to many countries, the
government has also introduced additional financial support for foreign students. Various
university scholarships and grants are available through the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO).
There are approximately 780 universities in Japan, of which about 80% are private. There are
also specialized schools and colleges that provide more vocational types of degree.
The nation’s strongest global ranking is currently claimed by the University of Tokyo,
which ranks 34th in the QS World University Rankings® 2016/17, up five places from the
previous year. Close behind are Kyoto University (joint 37th) and Tokyo Institute of
Technology (56th), with a further 36 Japanese universities ranked among the world’s best.
 DEFINE THE PART OF SPEECH AND FIND THE SYNONIM OF THE WORDS BELOW

1. Support (N) : assistance, aid 9. Keen :

2. Attract : 10. Additional :

3. Foreign : 11. Fancy :

4. Schemes : 12. Approximately :

5. Expensive : 13. Further :

6. Grant : 14. Rank :

7. Vocational : 15. Various :

8. Course : 16. Private :

 To Adding additional information to support a point:
6. Moreover
Usage: Employ “moreover” at the start of a sentence to add
extra information in support of a point you’re making.
Example: “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research
provide compelling evidence in support of…”
7. Furthermore
Usage:This is also generally used at the start of a sentence,
to add extra information.
Example: “Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”
8. Not only… but also
Usage: This wording is used to add an extra piece of
information, often something that’s in some way more
surprising or unexpected than the first piece of information.
Example: “Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honour of
being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was
also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the
British Empire.”
9. As well as
USEFUL EXPRESSION TO WRITE AN
ESSAY
To express general explanations of
complex points
1. In order to
Usage: “In order to” can be used to
introduce an explanation for the
purpose of an argument.
Example: “In order to understand X,
we need first to understand Y.”
2. In other words
Usage: Use “in other words” when you
want to express something in a
different way (more simply), to make it
easier to understand, or to emphasize
or expand on a point.
Example: “Frogs are amphibians. In
other words, they live on the land and
in the water.”
3. To put it another way
Usage: This phrase is another way of
saying “in other words”, and can be
used in particularly complex points,
when you feel that an alternative way
of wording a problem may help the
reader achieve a better understanding
of its significance.
Example: “Plants rely on
photosynthesis. To put it another way,
they will die without the sun.”
4. That is to say
Usage: “That is” and “that is to say”
can be used to add further detail to
your explanation, or to be more
precise.
 Words and phrases for demonstrating contrast

14. However
Usage: Use “however” to introduce a point that disagrees with what you’ve just said.
Example: “Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.”
15. On the other hand
Usage: Usage of this phrase includes introducing a contrasting interpretation of the same
piece of evidence, a different piece of evidence that suggests something else, or an opposing
opinion.
Example: “The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand,
the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what
happened that day.”
16. Having said that
Usage: Used in a similar manner to “on the other hand” or “but”.
Example: “The historians are unanimous in telling us X, an agreement that suggests that this
version of events must be an accurate account. Having said that, the archaeology tells a
different story.”
17. By contrast/in comparison
Usage: Use “by contrast” or “in comparison” when you’re comparing and contrasting pieces
of evidence.
Example: “Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s
opinion seems more plausible.”
Summarising

18. In conclusion
Usage: Typically used to introduce the concluding paragraph or sentence of an essay,
summarising what you’ve discussed in a broad overview.
Example: “In conclusion, the evidence points almost exclusively to Argument A.”
19. Above all
Usage: Used to signify what you believe to be the most significant point, and the main
takeaway from the essay.
Example: “Above all, it seems pertinent to remember that…”
20. All things considered
Usage: This means “taking everything into account”.
Example: “All things considered, it seems reasonable to assume that…”
 Assignment:

Using conditionals, explain how studying in Japan can affect your career. You should mention in your writing
(1) what university you would like to go to (2) why that university (3) how you will achieve it (4) how it will affect
your career
Unit 6 : Tourism
Grammar Booster : Comparison
Skill : Reading Graphs

Visitors to Japan surge to record 19.73 million, spend all-time high ¥3.48 trillion

(Source: http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/01/19/national/japan-sets-new-inbound-tourism-record-2015-comes-just-
short-20-million-target/#.WEYtvMkxXIU)

A record 19.73 million people visited Japan in 2015, marking the first time in 45 years
that the number of incoming travelers surpassed the outbound travelers, the tourism
ministry said Tuesday. The announcement confirms once again that the nation is almost sure
to achieve its target of attracting 20 million foreign visitors in a year by 2020. The success
has sparked the government to think about revising the target upward.
The 19.73 million visitors marked a 47.3 percent increase from 2014, when 13.41
million people entered Japan, and is nearly four times the 5.21 million who visited in 2003
when the “Visit Japan” campaign began. Spending by foreign visitors also reached a record
¥3.48 trillion, up 71.5 percent from 2014. This means the size of Japan’s inbound tourism
industry now equals that of its auto parts exports, tourism officials said.

Find the definition of these words/phrases:

1. Surge:

2. Surpass:
3. Outbound Traveler:

4. Attracting:
5. Increase:
6. Reach:
7. Inbound tourism:

8. Auto parts:
 Reading and Interpreting Graphs

Plummet : Increase :

Peak : Soar :

Rocket : Fluctuate :

Level out : Drop :

Decrease : Decline :

Rise : Fall :

The verbs in the box above can all be used to describe changes commonly represented on
line graphs. Use your dictionary to look up the meanings of the verbs and then answer the
following questions:

1. Which 5 verbs mean go up?

2. Of these, which 3 words mean go up suddenly/ a lot?
3. Which 5 verbs mean go down?
4. Which verb means reach its highest level?
5. Which verb means stay the same?
6. Which verb means go up and down?
Look up these expressions from the box on the left into the table on the right, from the
greatest amount to the smallest. The first one has been done for you:

Well over 1. Well over

Just under 2.

Almost/nearly 3.
10.000
Well under 4.

Exactly 5.

Just over 6.

Look these two tables for other ways to express amounts:

APPROXIMATION COMPARISONS
Approximately A little/Slightly
Around Far More than
About A lot Less than [+ Uncountable Noun]
Roughly Much Fewer than [+ Uncountable Noun]
More or less Considerably
Significantly
Exercise 3: Using the verbs above, complete these following sentences using the
informationshown on the graphs

1. In July 2010, the Japanese outbound travelers

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. In January 2009, the Japanese inbound tourists
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. From January 2008 to April 2009, the Japanese inbound travelers
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The departure of Japanese outbound travelers …………………………………………………….
between January 2009 and January 2010
5. The Japanese Outbound travelers ........................................... n April 2009
6. Between July 2010 and October 2010, the Japanese Outbound tourists
……………………………………………….
7. The Japanese inbound travelers moderately increase in…………………………
8. In January 2009, the Japanese inbound travelers ........................up to 400 million.
Presentation Material
Japanese Tourism and Culture Review

Japanese Tourism and Culture

Japan is renowned worldwide as a nation steeped in a culture that combines both

tradition and modernity. Thousands of years as an isolated island country allowed Japan to
undergo various cultural evolutions in solitude, creating a truly unique traditional culture.
As connections with other countries grew, Japanese tradition was influenced and altered to
create the unique culture of modern Japan, evident in its combination of traditional
concepts with the latest technology and art that astound the rest of the world. Here are
some of the interesting cultures that you can discover in Japan.

Sports

Japanese culture is intertwined with sport, whether it be kendo and kyudo, originally
developed for hunting and combat; Judo, a combat sport with the philosophical aim of
perfecting one’s character; or the must-see cultural sport experience, sumo, the ancient
Shinto ritual that has represented Japan as a national sport for centuries.

Sport in Japan is observed with almost religious fervor. Whilst imported international
sports like baseball and skiing are incredibly popular, with rugby also on the rise, nothing
competes with the traditional athletic pursuits that are quintessentially Japanese.

The biggest and thus the best has to be sumo, the iconic sport with no shortage of
cultural gravitas. Sumo is the national sport of Japan, and its origins stretch back to ancient
Shinto rituals in which the hefty wrestlers would face off in honour of various Shinto deities.
Today, the sport is very much of the people, with hugely popular 15-day tournaments
occurring six times a year across Tokyo (January, May and September), Osaka (March),
Nagoya (July) and Fukuoka (November).

The much-revered sport of sumo has turned the wrestlers into national superstars,
but that’s where any modernisation ends. Viewing a sumo tournament, you’ll see many of
the same rituals practised since ancient times including the famous salt throwing occurring
on the same sand-covered clay rings, or dohyo.

From the heavyweights of sumo to the honour of the samurai, other sports not to
miss on your Japan holiday include kendo and kyudo. Kendo is an ancient form of Japanese
fencing, while kyudo is the art of archery that emerged from the feudal era of the samurai
and is still practised to this day. As a testament to the skill of these legendary athletes,
every single world champion in kendo has been Japanese, despite it being a world sport
since the 1970s.

Omotenashi

In Japan, there is a deep-rooted culture, which comes from sado (tea ceremony),
called omotenashi, meaning to wholeheartedly look after guests. The term is a microcosm
of the country itself, representing the Japanese mindset of hospitality centring around care
rather than expectation. You’re bound to feel the omotenashi hospitality on your travels to
Japan, especially at cultural experiences such as ryokan (Japanese-style inns), kaiseki
(Japanese banquet), and sado (tea ceremony).

Omotenashi is hard to define in English because to understand it is to experience

Japan in-person. It is a sense of incredible hospitality that carries across home stays, formal
ceremonies, retail, and dining. However, omotenashi goes beyond “the customer is always
right;” rather, it is an implicit understanding that there are no menial tasks if the result
ensures a great experience for a guest.

That incredible sense of hospitality begins at every doorway. As you enter stores or
restaurants, expect to hear the bellowing welcome of ‘irasshaimase’ as you step inside. A
polite nod or smile is all you need to offer in return – there is no cultural expectation that
this friendly welcome will be reciprocated.

No Japanese custom better represents omotenashi than the famous sado, or tea
ceremony. At the centre of every chakai (tea gathering) is the guest, with the host
constantly considering their guest with every movement and gesture. Indeed, the most
important part of every ceremony is that the host prepares a bowl of tea from their heart.
As you make your journey across Japan, you will find omotenashi everywhere. From the
attentive care of retailers to the shinkansen cleaners who bow to the boarding passengers,
omotenashi is present. The more you open your heart to the people and culture of Japan,
the more you will be rewarded with experiences unlike any around the world.

World Heritage Sites

Looking to immerse yourself in Japan’s unique culture, amazing traditions and

stunning natural environment? Whether it’s the serenity of Fuji-san or the historic
monuments of ancient Kyoto, the 15 cultural and 4 natural UNESCO World Heritage sites
throughout Japan are a great starting point.

With so many incredible places and sites on offer, deciding where to visit on your
holiday to Japan can be difficult! If you’re feeling a little spoilt for choice, a helpful ready-
made itinerary can be found via the 19 UNESCO World Heritage sites across Japan.

You can be certain you’ve ticked off the truly iconic destinations in Japan by
following this list, including the Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto. Set in a fertile basin
with rivers winding through it from the surrounding mountains, Kyoto has a charming natural
landscape that provides a colourful, contrasting backdrop to the Historic Monuments of
Ancient Kyoto.

As Japan’s capital and cultural centre for over 1,000 years, the city is filled with
exquisite architecture, gardens and other cultural treasures. However, the World Heritage-
listed properties are some of its most grand and are a must-see part of the Golden Route, a
classic circuit of Japan’s best destinations linked together by the bullet train.

Of course, no journey to Japan’s most iconic locales is complete without taking in

the incredible Mt Fuji, or Fuji-san as it is reverentially known in Japan. Mt Fuji’s palette of
rich forests, serene lakes and apocalyptic volcano-scapes has long been treated with the
same reverence as the brush strokes of Michelangelo depicting the divine.

In the summer months, you can rise to the challenge of climbing Fuji-san’s 3,776-
metre peak, or in other seasons enjoy the region’s many hot springs, temples, and
surrounding great lakes as you gaze upon the truly monumental glory of Mt Fuji.
 These two sites are just a taste of the globally-recognised sites honoured by UNESCO
waiting to be discovered on your trip. From the architectural wonder of Himeji castle to the
historical gravity of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial, your ready-made UNESCO World
Heritage itinerary carves a perfect pathway for any visitor.

Japan’s Top Three Festivals

Right across Japan there are thousands of omatsuri (festivals) held every year.
However, the top three festivals, known collectively as Nihon Sandai Matsuri, are unique
larger than life processions of shrines, displays of fireworks and performances of traditional
arts that need to be seen to be believed.

Japan’s three top festivals, or ‘Nihon Sandai Matsuri,’ comprise Tokyo’s Kanda
Matsuri, Osaka’s Tenjin Matsuri and Kyoto’s Gion Matsuri. Some of their most-photographed
moments include rugby scrum-like processions of enormous portable shrines, dazzling
fireworks displays and rare performances of traditional music, theatre, and dance.

Tokyo’s Kanda Matsuri occurs across a weekend in mid-May every other year and
boasts some of the most impressive shrine processions you will see in Japan. Notably, the
Sengan Mikoshi, a 3.75-tonne golden behemoth, is heaved through the streets of Tokyo on
the shoulders of over 1,500 shrine bearers. It’s just one of 108 portable shrines from the
108 parishes of Tokyo that pay homage at the city’s historic guardian shrine, in a ceremony
known as the Miya-iri.

Accompanying this incredible spectacle are a mouth-watering host of food stalls

lining the procession, all serving traditional dishes that perfectly complement the festival’s
old Tokyo setting. Amidst all the colour and movement of the busy Kanda Matsuri festival
are some permanent fixtures not to be missed, such as Tokyo’s most famous eel and tempura
restaurants and the nearby Imperial Palace.

In the welcome warmth of Japanese summer, Osaka’s Tenjin Matsuri Festival is

almost like Japan’s version of 4th of July, given the incredible firework displays that light
up the city. Known as the Tenjin Matsuri Hono Hanabi, the fireworks occur above a
traditional fleet procession crisscrossing the city’s Okawa River. Visitors can enjoy the awe-
inspiring 90-minute display from the banks of the river or at iconic sites such as Osaka Castle,
the city’s traditional heart.

Those seeking a festival that communes with one of Japan’s most iconic symbols,
the geisha, cannot miss Kyoto’s Gion Matsuri festival, which takes place in mid-July each
year. One of the many signature traditional events, the festival features 32 ornate floats
that have been inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage list for their outstanding cultural
value. The ornate floats are so detailed they are considered ‘moving museums’, and they
parade slowly and gracefully so visitors may drink in their beauty. The parade route cuts a
path straight through Gion, Japan’s most iconic Geisha district.

Gion is also adjacent to the vibrant shopping and entertainment district of Kawara-
machi, where long-established traders endure amidst the glow of modern fashion boutiques.
Gion’s wooden architecture, lit up in the glow of lanterns by night, makes it an iconic place
to experience seasonal “kaiseki” cuisine in the traditional Kyoto style.

Source: https://www.jnto.org.au/experience/culture/
Source: https://www.visitokinawa.jp/
Discover a distinct island culture born of subtropical sun, white sand, mangrove jungles
and the age of the Ryukyu Kings
Japan's southernmost prefecture, Okinawa is a chain of islands with its own history
as an independent kingdom and a distinctly subtropical climate, as well as the birthplace of
karate. Explore the ruins and restored castles of the Ryukyu kings, and visit magnificent
beaches and coastlines with an amazing array of coral and undersea life. Come for whale
watching and dragon boat races, rare flora and fauna, and an island mindset that makes you
forget the clock and follow the sun.
How to Get There

From mainland Japan, most flights to Okinawa's Naha Airport depart from Tokyo or
Osaka. If you're coming from China, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan or Hong Kong, there
are direct international flights to Okinawa.
There are frequent flights from Tokyo to Naha on Okinawa's main island every day as
well as direct flights to the outlying island of Ishigaki. There are also seasonal direct flights
to Miyako Island. You can also catch connecting flights to the outlying islands of Miyako,
Ishigaki, Yonaguni and Kume from Naha Airport.
The best way to get around Okinawa is by rental car, or by bicycle or scooter in some
areas. If you prefer public transportation, there is a monorail running from Naha Airport
through Naha to the old capital of Shuri. There is also a comprehensive bus service on the
main island, and ferry services run between nearby islands.
 Don’t Miss
• UNESCO World Heritage sites on the main island, including Shuri Castle and the
ruins of Tamagusuku
• Whale sharks and the fascinating, diverse sea life at Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium
• Relaxing on white sand beaches and swimming in clear blue ocean waters
• Kayaking through a mangrove jungle on remote Iriomote Island

Okinawa has four main islands which are; Naha, Ishigaki, Miyako, and Kerama Islands.
By far, its most popular destination is Naha.

Naha

The main island of Okinawa is a popular starting point for tourists wanting to explore
this sub-tropical part of Japan. The city of Naha boasts an ancient castle, a vibrant shopping
street, and many other attractions that make it well worth a visit.

Naha
Quickis by far the biggest city in Okinawa , home to 60 percent of the main island's residents.
Facts
It is also home
1. Okinawa to Okinawa's
is made uponly public railofsystem,
of hundreds islands,and
butthe
theOkinawa monorail
main island than an
provides
is bigger
easy route through the city to the
all the others put together old capital of Shuri.
2. Naha has a population of 300,000
3. It replaced Shuri as the capital city in 1872
4. Shuri is now a part of the modern city of Naha

Here are some tips to on when the best time to go to Naha.

Okinawa has a sub-tropical climate, and it can be very hot in the summer months,
so be sure to pack plenty of sunscreen and remember to drink water often. Temperatures
are mild even in winter and the only times to avoid are during the rainy season in late May
and early June, and the succession of typhoons that hit the island in September.

Spring and autumn are the ideal months if you want to take in the sun, sea, and
beaches, but it's best to avoid Golden Week, the prime holiday season for vacationing
Japanese, which is in the first week of May.

Naha has an interesting history

Okinawa is one of 47 prefectures that make up Japan, but has not always been so.
Okinawa, or the Ryukyu Kingdom as it was then known, was an independent kingdom until
1609, when it came under the rule of Satsuma, a province in southern Japan.

Commodore Matthew Perry docked in Naha Port in 1852 before his historic arrival in
Edo (now Tokyo) the following year, when Japan opened up to the world after centuries of
isolation.

Naha became the capital in 1872, and it later absorbed the old capital, Shuri. But it
was always the center of trading activity on the island. The port of Naha was trading with
Korea and mainland Japan from at least the 11th century.
 The islands only became part of Japan in 1879. After World War II the islands were
occupied by the United States, and were only returned to Japan in 1972.

So, gear up and book the earliest ticket to Naha, Okinawa today to enjoy all the
interesting things that it has to offer.

Source: https://www.japan.travel/en/destinations/okinawa/okinawa/

Speaking Skill: Group Presentation

For those whose groups were chosen to present about Japanese tourism and culture. Choose
a specific city or culture and present it to the class. Your group act as the ambassador of
the city or culture. So, provide the appropriate details.

If you were to choose a city, you need to provide the following details:
1. Location
2. History and facts
3. How to get there
4. What to do

Meanwhile, if you were to choose a culture, you need to provide the following details:
1. Where the culture comes from
2. History
3. Purpose
4. Process
5. Value
 Making a Brochure
Making a brochure
1. Know your purpose before you start
A brochure is a valuable, tangible piece of marketing material that is ultimately used to
sell. Unlike a website, you have a limited amount of space on which to provide information.
When writing a brochure be specific with what you are selling.

• Get specific and choose your city or tourism attraction.

• Don’t try to cover too many topics in one brochure. While a brochure can be used to
highlight your overall offerings, it's often good to have multiple brochures. You
should have a brochure for each individual product or service.
• Instead of offering a lot of broad information, you want your brochure to focus on
one topic. Perhaps you write one brochure on only kitchens. Get specific to one room
so you can explain every detail from the type of tile you offer to the colors of the
cabinet handles.

2. Put readers first

• When thinking of how to design a brochure, keep the end purpose in mind. Is this a
brochure that's going to be posted out in response to requests made on a website? Is
it a giveaway at an exhibition, or a leave-behind brochure? When someone opens it,
what will it say to them? Design for that person, not for yourself.

• Put yourself in your readers’ shoes. Pretend you’ve come across your own brochure.
When looking at the front ask yourself what kind of information you would want to
find inside. Write down and answer any questions you may have. You can use these
in your brochure.

• Identify your target audience. You want to think about where people will pick up this
brochure. Who these people are? Are you writing your brochure to an individual
consumer who is looking for a product, service, or information?

3. Speak directly to your readers.

Address the reader as “you” to establish a relationship with the reader. Making your copy
personal creates a relationship between you and your customer.
• Talking directly to the reader as an intelligent person will help to keep your potential
customers interested.
• Your brochure should begin and end with your customer. Before you get into the
meat of your brochure explaining all the great things you offer, you should entice
your customer by answering questions and overcoming potential objections.
 • Focus your content on providing information which sells your features through
benefits. Cite real-world examples or case studies.
• Aim to answer the question of how your customer will benefit from your product or
service.

4. Brainstorm ideas for content

Break out the layout pads and try drawing and sketching ideas to start with. Share
all your ideas among everybody, rather than taking a brief away for two weeks and then
presenting three concepts to see which one the client hates the least.

5. Setting up a layout
Choose a layout. Brochures come in many styles and layouts. The most common is
the tri-fold brochure. However, you should free to choose a different layout depending on
the information you are providing.

• Now that you have a topic narrowed down, you can begin writing copy. Pay attention
to how many sections you need. Create an outline to help you discover how much
room you'll need.
• In a typical tri-fold brochure, a piece of landscape paper is divided into 6 sections.
Sections 2, 3, and 4 are your inside sections and usually contain the most valuable
information. Section 2 is the inside flap and usually contains broad information with
questions and answers. This information compels the reader to believe that the
product will be the answer to any problems the reader has. Sections 3, and 4 typically
expand and go deeper. These sections explain the information, affirming the reader
that a solution is contained within your brochure.
• Section 1 is the front cover. This area entices readers to pick up your brochure. It
often depicts an image that conjures up positive feelings. The aim of your front flap
is to make the reader open your brochure. There should also be a line or two of copy
that promises the reader a benefit.
• Section 5 is the back flap and usually contains testimonials and coupons.
• Section 6, which is the middle back third, usually contains contact information like
a phone number, website, and map.
• There are plenty of folding types and layouts when it comes to brochures. [4] Some
brochures are more like books or pamphlets. Some include inserts or cutouts. Don’t
feel like your brochure has to be a typical tri-fold. The organization of information
is essentially the same whatever your layout. The front is used to depict a lifestyle
that can be achieved by the product or service within the brochure. The next pages
contain answers and offers. And the last sections provide incentives to move forward
and contact information.
6. Break information into sections
On the inner panels, use headings to break up long blocks of text. Brochures have limited
space and you don’t want to use up all the space with long blocks of text.
• Too much text looks intimidating to the reader. Instead of long paragraphs or
sections, keep sections and sentences short.
• Bulleted or numbered lists further separate the text and make information easy to
digest. These elements will also bring the readers’ eyes into the brochure.
• Use bold headers to separate sections and break up your brochure. Provide different
types of content and information for different sections. Breaking up your brochure
into sections allows readers to compartmentalize information. Sections help the flow
of information and keep readers interested without getting overwhelmed.
7. Creating the content
Speak directly to your readers. Address the reader as “you” to establish a
relationship with the reader. Making your copy personal creates a relationship between you
and your customer.

• Talking directly to the reader as an intelligent person will help to keep your potential
customers interested.
• Your brochure should begin and end with your customer. Before you get into the
meat of your brochure explaining all the great things you offer, you should entice
your customer by answering questions and overcoming potential objections.
• Focus your content on providing information which sells your features through
benefits. Cite real-world examples or case studies.
• Aim to answer the question of how your customer will benefit from your product or
service.

Source:
https://www.wikihow.com/Write-Brochures
https://www.creativebloq.com/graphic-design-tips/how-to-design-a-brochure-123267

Sample Brochure Template (outside part)

Sample Brochure Template (Inner Part)

Source: https://www.lucidpress.com/pages/templates/brochures/travel-brochures

Exercise 5
In groups, you will work together as part of the tourism staff in the local government. You
are asked to design a brochure providing information to tourists about the city and/or the
tourist attractions. You can do it by hand or computer. Start discussing about your brochure
in class.