Subject: 

Gateway Drugs

I. Objective
At the end of the lesson the student should be able to:
a. Define the Gateway Drugs: Alcohol & Cigarette
b. Distinguish the effect of Alcohol and Cigarette
c. Synthesize the effect on the Environment, Family and Community

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Gateway Drugs: Alcohol and Cigarette
b. Materials: powerpoint, books, and journals
c. Reference: 
https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-cigarette-2824831
https://veterans.smokefree.gov/nicotine-addiction/reasons-people-smoke
https://www.peelregion.ca/health/tobacco/toolkit/background/effects.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/infographics/tobacco/tobacco-lifecycle.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23731412/
https://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/alcohol/short-term-long-term-effects.html

III. Procedure
A. Preliminary activities:

a. Routinary Activity:
1. Greetings and Attendance
2. Brief introduction of the lesson

b. Motivation:

JUMBLE WORDS

Instructions: Students are encouraged to arranged the jumble words to know the given
word.

1. ORBOMARL- MARLBORO
2. RINKD ESRPONISBLY- DRINK RESPONSIBLY
3. KINGMOS- SMOKING
4. RUGD- DRUG
5. HOLCOAL- ALCOHOL
6. TTEERGACI- CIGARETTE
 c. Discussion

What is Gateway Drugs?

Gateway drugs are milder drugs that can open the door to exposure to or experimentation with
harsher substances. For example, many people may feel that nicotine and alcohol are relatively
harmless. This idea is magnified by the fact that these substances are legal to purchase and
use.
GATEWAY DRUGS
Alcohol
Alcohol is a psychoactive substance with dependence-producing properties that has been
widely used in many cultures for centuries. The harmful use of alcohol causes a high burden of
disease and has significant social and economic consequences.
Cigarette
A cigarette is a cylindrical roll of shredded or ground tobacco that is wrapped in paper or
another substance that does not contain tobacco. To smoke a cigarette, the end is lit and the
smoke is inhaled.
Why people do smoke?
About 80–90% of people who smoke regularly are addicted to nicotine. Nicotine reaches your
brain within 10 seconds of when it enters your body. It causes the brain to release adrenaline,
and that creates a buzz of pleasure and energy.
Negative health impact of cigarette smoking

 Tobacco smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals, of which more than 70 are known to
cause cancer. A few examples of the chemicals found in tobacco smoke are nicotine,
tar, carbon monoxide, ammonia, cyanide, and formaldehyde.
 The nicotine present in cigarettes and other forms of tobacco products (e.g. cigars,
cigarillos, chewing tobacco) can lead to addiction. People who are exposed to nicotine at
an early age are more likely to become addicted, making it harder to quit later in life.
HARMFUL SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CIGARETTE
Short-term

 Bad breath
 Stained teeth and fingers
 Reduced sense of taste and smell
 Premature wrinkles
 Decreased lung function
 Decreased immune function
Long-term effects

 Cancers (e.g. lung, mouth, throat, bladder, cervical etc.)

 Cardiovascular disease (e.g. heart attack, stroke)
 Lung and respiratory diseases (e.g., emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma)
 Premature death

EFFECTS OF SECOND-HAND SMOKE

 Second-hand smoke is the combination of smoke coming directly from a burning

tobacco product and the smoke exhaled by a person smoking.
 There is no safe level of second-hand smoke.
 Second-hand smoke harms everyone, and it is particularly dangerous for infants and
children because their smaller lungs require them to breathe more quickly.
SECOND-HAND SMOKE
Second-hand smoke exposure increases the following health risk to infants and children:

 Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

 Asthma
 Bronchitis
 Ear infection
 Breathlessness and coughing
Second-hand smoke exposure increases the following health risk to adults, including those who
do not smoke:

 Cardiovascular disease
 Lung cancer
 Respiratory problems (e.g., emphysema, asthma, coughing)
 Nasal and chest infections
IMPACT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON THE FAMILY, ENVIRONMENT, AND COMMUNITY
Phase One GROWING TOBACCO degrades soil, threatens biodiversity, and uses pesticides
and fertilizers exposing farm workers to hazardous chemicals.

 4.3 million hectares of land are used to grow tobacco (2012)

 90% of tobacco farming is in low- to middle- income countries, with the top being China,
Brazil, and India.
Phase Two TOBACCO CURING results in global deforestation for farmland and wood burning.

 By the mid-1990s, more than half of the 120 tobacco-growing low- and middle-income
countries were losing a combined 211,000 hectares to deforestation annually.
 An estimated 11.4 million metric tons of wood are burned to cure tobacco every year.
Phase Three TOBACCO MANUFACTURING produces different types of environmental harm
including water and energy use, hazardous waste, and greenhouse gases.
  The estimated annual emissions produced by the tobacco manufacturing process are
equal to the emissions of roughly 3 million transatlantic flights.
Phase Four TRANSPORTING TOBACCO leaf and products globally yields significant air
pollution.

 Exposure to air pollution can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
 Commercial transport contributes to air pollution.
Phase Five TOBACCO SMOKE has an impact on people who smoke, those around them, and
the environment via toxic emissions and greenhouse gases.

 In a single year, cigarette smoke contributes thousands of metric tons of cancer-causing

chemicals, other toxins, and greenhouse gases globally.
Phase Six DISPOSING TOBACCO and cigarette waste contribute to substantial amounts of
litter and leach toxic chemicals into the environment.

 Cigarette butts are the largest single type of litter by count and their filters do not
biodegrade.
 Additionally, tobacco product packaging creates 2 million tons of waste per year.
 The environmental and health impacts of tobacco are vast and growing, and are
particularly harmful to low- and middle-income countries.
WHY PEOPLE DRINK TOO MUCH ALCOHOL?
One model proposes that negative emotions (e.g., anxiety or depression), the expectation that
alcohol will relieve these feelings, and coping styles characterized by avoiding rather than
confronting life issues all may increase a person's motivation to drink in order to cope with
stress
NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACT OF DRINKING ALCOHOL
Over time, excessive alcohol use can lead to the development of chronic diseases and other
serious problems including: High blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and
digestive problems. Cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, voice box, liver, colon, and
rectum.
HARMFUL SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL
Short-term

 Slurred speech
 Drowsiness
 Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 Upset stomach
 Headaches
 Breathing difficulties
 Distorted vision and hearing
 Impaired judgment
Long-term effects

 Intentional injuries such as firearm injuries, sexual assault, domestic violence

 Increased on-the-job injuries and
 Alcohol poisoning
 High blood pressure, stroke, and other heart-related diseases
 Liver disease
 Nerve damage
NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACT OF DRINKING ALCOHOL
Over time, excessive alcohol use can lead to the development of chronic diseases and other
serious problems including: High blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and
digestive problems. Cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, voice box, liver, colon, and
rectum.
impact of cigarette smoking on the family,environment, and community
Alcohol is the most common drug used among adults in the United States. The use of alcohol is
associated with an increased risk of injuries and accidents. Even a single episode of excessive
drinking can lead to a negative outcome. Alcoholism and chronic use of alcohol are associated
with numerous medical, psychiatric, social, and family problems. Family members, including
children, exposed to a first-degree relative's alcohol problem are at risk for problems. Children
of parents with alcohol addiction, for example, show higher rates of alcoholism than children
who do not have parents with an alcohol addiction. It is important for social workers to keep in
mind that alcohol and alcohol problems affect the health, safety, and well-being of people.

     d. Generalization
     e. Valuing 

B. Lesson Proper:

a. Activity: 
1. Discussion/Lesson proper
 A powerpoint presentation shall withhold the lecture (Introduction, Short-term and
Long Term effects of cigarette and alcohol, negative impact on health and effect
of cigarette and alcohol in our family, environment and community)

Gateway Drug: Alcohol and Cigarette

 What is Gateway Drug?

 What are the types of Gateway Drug?
 What are the Short-Term and Long-term Effects of Cigarette and Alcohol?
 What people do smoking and drinking too much ?
 What is the negative impact of Cigarrette and Alcohol in our Family,
Community and Environment?
 b. Analysis:

The students will be asked about their opinion to about the cigarette and alcohol that
affects their lives. 

c. Abstraction:

1. Does cigarette and alcohol has a huge effect to your health?

2. In using electric cigarette and vape is more than safe than to normal cigarette? Do
you think that the phrase “Drink Responsibly” is applicable ?

d. Application:

Students will be tasked to make slogan about anti-smoking and alcohol.

The slogan shall be graded accordingly:

Criteria:
Relevance- 30%
Creativity- 20%
Uniqueness- 40%
Mastery- 10%

IV. Assignment

Students will be tasked to make a poster making about Gateway Drugs

Criteria:
Relevance- 40%
Creativity- 20%
Uniqueness- 15%
Mastery- 15%

                                                                             Prepared by:       
                                                                        VILLANUEVA, CHADWICK O. 
                                                                          PST