NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.

UY

DEFINITION OF NURSING
• Florence Nightingale- “the
act of utilizing
the environment of the patient
to assist
him in his recovery.”
• V. Henderson- “ the unique
function of the
nurse is to assist the
individual, sick or
well in the performance of
those activities
contributing to health or its
recovery (or
peaceful death) that the he
would perform
unaided if he had the
necessary strength,
will or knowledge and to do
this is such a
way as to help him gain
independence as
rapidly as possible”
• 1973 ANA “direct, goal
oriented and
adaptable to the needs of the
individual,
the family and community
during health
and illness.
• 1980 ANA changed this
definition “Nursing
is the diagnosis and treatment
of human
responses to actual or
potential health
problems”
• 1995 ANA recognized the
influence and
contribution of the science of
caring to
nursing philosophy and
practice.
• 2003 ANA “Nursing is the
protection,
promotion and optimization of
health and
abilities, preventions of
illness and injury,
alleviation of suffering
through the
diagnosis and treatment of
human
response and advocacy in the
care of
individuals, families,
communities, and
populations”
• Nursing is caring
• Nursing is an art
• Nursing is a science
• Nursing is client centered
• Nursing is holistic
• Nursing is adaptive
• Nursing is concerned with
health
promotion, health maintenance
and health
restoration
• Nursing is a helping a
profession.
Recipients of Nursing
• Consumer is an individual, a
group of
people or a community that
uses a
services or commodity.
• Patient a person who is
waiting for or
undergoing medical treatment
and care. -
patient comes from a Latin
word meaning
“to suffer” or “to bear”.
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY

• Client a person who engages recovery

the advice activities
or services of another who is o Rehabilitating clients to
qualified to their
provide this service. - optimal functional level
presents the following
receivers of health care as physical or mental illness,
collaborators in injury or
the care, that is, as people chemical addiction.
who are 4. Caring for the dying
responsible for their own o comforting and caring for
health. - the people of
health status of a client is all ages who are dying.
the o hospices: goal > enable
responsibility of the patients to
individual in be comfortable and free of
collaboration with health pain
professionals. Roles and Functions of the
Nurse
Scope of Nursing • Caregiver
1. Individuals • Communicator
2. Families • Teacher
3. Communities
• Client advocate
• Counselor
Four Areas of Nursing Practice • Change agent
1. Promoting health and • Leader
wellness
• Manager
o activities to enhance
healthy • Case manager
lifestyle • Research Consumer
2. Preventing illness • have some awareness of the
o goal: maintain optimal process and
health language of research
3. Restoring health • be sensitive to issues
o Providing direct care to the related to protecting
ill the rights of human subjects
person • Participate in the
o Performing dx and assessment identification of
procedures significant researchable
o Consulting with other health problems
professionals about client • Be a discriminating consumer
problems of research
o Teaching client about
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY

findings. The Metaparadigm for Nursing

Criteria of a Profession 1. Clients
Profession - an occupation 2. Environment - internal and
that requires external
extensive education or a 3. Health
calling that requires 4. Nursing
special knowledge, skill and
preparation. -
Overview of Selected Nursing
generally distinguished from
Theorist
other kinds of
1. Nightingale
occupation by:
2. Peplau
• Its requirement of 3. Henderson
prolonged, specialized 4. Rogers
training to acquire a body of 5. Orem
knowledge 6. King
pertinent to the role to be 7. Neuman
performed 8. Roy
• An orientation of the 9. Leininger
individual toward 10. Watson
service, either to a community 11. Parse
or to an
organization. Advanced practice registered
• Ongoing research nurse (APRN)- Generally the
most independently functioning
• A code of ethics
nurse. An APRN has a master's
• Autonomy degree in nursing, advanced
• Professional education in pathophysiology,
organization pharmacology, and physical
Professionalism - professional assessment; and certification
character, spirit and expertise in a specialized
or methods - set of area of practice.
attributes, away of life that
implies responsibility and American Nurses Association
commitment (ANA)- The national
Professionalization - is the professional membership
process of association of nurses that
becoming professional works for the improvement of
Nursing Theories and health standards and the
Conceptual availability of healthcare
Framework Theory- a system of services, fosters high
ideas that is presumed to professional standards for the
explain a given phenomenon nursing profession, and
advances the economic and
general welfare of nurses.
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY
Caregiver-Help patients
maintain and regain health,
manage disease and symptoms,
and attain a maximal level
function and independence
through the healing process.
Certified nurse-midwife (CNM)-
Collaborates with one or more
providers to deliver care to
maternal-newborn clients and
their families.
Certified registered nurse
anesthetist (CRNA)-Administers
anesthesia and provides care
during procedures under the
supervision of an
anesthesiologist.
Clinical nurse specialist
(CNS)- Master's degree-
prepared nurse who is an
expert clinician with
additional responsibility for
education and research:
assesses agency's readiness
for research utilization;
works with staff to identify
clinical problems; helps staff
find, implement, and evaluate
findings relevant to current
practice.
Code of ethics-Formal
statement that delineates a
profession's guidelines for
ethical behavior. A code of
ethics sets standards or
expectations for the
professional to achieve.
Nurse administrator- Nurse who
supervises the organization of
nursing care to ensure overall
safety and quality.
Nurse educator- A nurse,
usually with an advanced
degree, who teaches in
educational or clinical
settings; teaches theoretical
knowledge and clinical skills;
conducts research.
Nurse practitioner (NP)-Nurse
with an advance degree,
certified for a special area
or age of patient care, works
in a variety of healthcare
settings or independent
practices to make health
assessments and deliver
primary care.
Nurse researcher-Conducts
evidence-based practice and
research to improve nursing
care and further define and
expand the scope of nursing
practice
Nursing- Profession that
focuses on the holistic person
receiving health care services
and provides a unique
contribution to the prevention
of illness and maintenance of
health.
Patient advocate- One who
speaks for and protects the
rights of the patient.
Professional organization-
Nonprofit organization that
works to improve the image,
working conditions, and skill
levels of people in particular
occupations.
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY
Registered nurse (RN)- In the
United States a nurse who has
completed a course of study at
a state-approved, accredited
school of nursing and has
passed the National Council
Licensure Examination (NCLEX-
RN).
Key Points:
• Nursing responds to the
health care needs of society,
which are influenced by
economic, social, and cultural
variables of a specific era.
• Changes in society such as
increased technology, new
demographic patterns,
consumerism, health promotion,
and the women's and human
rights movements lead to
changes in nursing.
• Nursing definitions reflect
changes in the practice of
nursing and help bring about
changes by identifying the
domain of nursing practice and
guiding research, practice,
and education.
• Nursing standards provide
the guidelines for
implementing and evaluating
nursing care.
• Professional nursing
organizations deal with issues
of concern to specialist
groups within the nursing
profession.
• Nurses are becoming more
politically sophisticated and,
as a result, are able to
increase the influence of
nursing on health care policy
and practice
What are the five primary
characteristics of a
profession?
- 1. A profession requires an
extended education of its
members as well as a basic
liberal foundation.
2. It has a theoretical body
of knowledge leading to
defined skills, abilities,and
norms.
3. It provides a specific
service.
4. It has autonomy in decision
making and practice.
5. It has a code of ethics for
practice
ANA Standards of Professional
Performance.
- 1. Ethics
2. Education
3. Evidence-based practice and
research
4. Quality of practice
5. Communication
6. Leadership
7. Collaboration
8. Professional practice
evaluation
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY
9. Resource utilization
According to Benner, an expert
nurse goes through five levels
of proficiency.
- 1. Novice- has no
professional experience
2. Advanced Beginner- can note
recurrent meaningful situation
but can’t prioritize
3. Competent- begins to
understand long range goals
4. Proficient- perceives
situation as a whole rather
than in aspects
5. Expert- has intuitive grasp
of the situation
Professional Nurse = Is a
person who has completed the
basic nursing educational
program and is licensed in
his/ her country or state to
practice professional nursing
* What is the common
requirement?
-BSN Graduate of recognized
school/college of nursing and
universities
-Is Licensed to practice
nursing in the Philippines
-A member of accredited
nursing organization in the
country
Qualifications of Professional
Nurse
1. Professional Preparation
-Have licensed to
practice nursing in the
country
-Have a Bachelor of
Science degree in
-Nursing Be physically &
mentally fit
2. Personal Qualities &
Professional proficiencies
-Interest and willingness
to work & learn with
individual groups/team
-Warm personality &
concern for people
-Resourceful & creative &
well balance emotional
condition
-Ability to work
cooperative with others
-Initiative to improve
self & service
-Competence in performing
work through the use of
the nursing process
-Skill in decision
making, communicating &
relating with others /
research oriented
-Active participation in
issues confronting nurses
& nursing
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY

Professional Nursing philosophy of life or a

Article VI of the RA 9173 philosophy of service
Philippine Nursing Act
2002 (Sec. 28) defines
the scope of nursing as : B. Good Personality
A person has been deemed
to be practicing nursing -Personality
when he/ she singly or in consists of distinctive
collaboration with one individual qualities that
another: "Initiates and differentiate one person
performs nursing services from another. It refers
to individuals, families to the impression one
and communities in any makes on others which
health care setting" will include more than
that which meets the eye.
Basic Educational Program
in Nursing Components of Good
Personality
THE BSN Program is the
only nursing education -Personal Appearance
program being recognized -Character
in the Philippines.
-Attitude
-Personal qualities of a
Nurse -Charm

*Philosophy of Life
*Good Personality Personal Appearance

A. Philosophy of Life -As a nurse you must be

responsible for
-Concerned with practicing a physical
those basic truths that regimen that helps to
contribute to personal develop and maintain good
growth in a systematic posture and physical
fashion and with those fitness.
principles that relate to
the moral values that
shape the facets of the Grooming
character. Every person
must develop a personal -Your hair should truly
life and plan for "crown" the features of
expanding his personal your face in an
life Theories of nursing attractive manner. Your
can be taught, but not a hair should be neat,
clean and well arranged.
 NURSING AS PROFESSION ( SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES)BY: R.UY

It also includes personal

hygiene and cleanliness

Dress and Uniform

-Just as self-respect is
evident in good posture
and personal hygiene, so
as it is reflected in the
care you exercise with
regards to dressing.

The Nurse’s Uniform

-They come in
different colors, but
irrespective of color,
the nurse's distinctive
uniform identifies you as
a nurse to your patient
and his family as well as
your co workers

LECTURE NOTES BY REIYA MAE

MAGDAEL-UY.