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LAB 3 Three-Phase Transformer Connection and Polarity Test

Objective
1. Learning how to find the transformer’s polarity
2. Understanding how to connect three-phase transformer

Theory

a) Three transformer (made of three b) Three phase transformer on the same

single phase transformer) core
Figure 3.1 Three-phase transformer

 Transformer polarity
(1) additive polarity
(2) subtractive polarity
 Capital letter (A, B, C) applied for high voltage side
 Lower case latter (a, b, c) applied for voltage side
 Type of connection
Y-y, D-d, D-y,Y-d
 Phase Displacement
Phase displacement is an angle between VAN of primary side and Van of secondary side.
Example, Figure 3.2 shows D-y connection type. The Van leads VAN by 30 degree.

Figure 3.2 Phasor diagram of D–y connection

Equipment
1. Transformer 1kVA 220/110V 1
2. AC voltmeter 0–600V 2

Procedures
1. Polarity Test
1.1 Connect each 220/110V single-phase transformer as shown in figure 3.3

Figure 3.3 Polarity test

1.2 Adjust power supply V1 to 100V

1.3 Record V2 and V3

V1 V2 V3
Transformer Additive or Subtractive
(V) (V) (V)

Tr. A 100

Tr. B 100

Tr. C 100

1.4 Assign dotted sign “” to each transformer as shown Figure below

Tr. A Tr. B Tr. C

2. Yy0
2.1 Connect three single-phase transformers as shown in Figure 3.4

POWER SUPPLY

Figure 3.4 Yy0 Connection

2.2 Connect the terminal A1 of primary side to the terminal a1 of secondary side (as shown in
dotted line)
2.3 Adjust power voltage V1 to 100 V
2.4 Record voltages VA1a1, VA1b1, VA1c1, VB1a1, VB1b1, VB1c1, VC1a1, VC1b1, VC1c1.
2.5 According to the measured voltage, draw vector diagram to indicate phase difference
3. Dd0
3.1 Connect three single-phase transformers as shown in Figure 3.5

Connect three single-phase transformers as shown in Figure

A1 A2 a2 a1
L1

B1 B2 b2 b1
L2

C1 C2 c2 c1
L3

V1 H.V. L.V.
N 300V

Figure 3.5 Dd0 connection

3.2 Connect the terminal A1 of primary side to the terminal a1 of secondary side (as shown in
dotted line)
3.3 Adjust power voltage V1 to 100 V
3.4 Record voltages VA1a1, VA1b1, VA1c1, VB1a1, VB1b1, VB1c1, VC1a1, VC1b1, VC1c1, VA1B1, VB1C1, VC1A1,
Va1b1, Vb1c1, Vc1a1
3.5 According to the measured voltage, draw vector diagram to indicate phase difference
4. Dy11
4.1 Connect three single-phase transformers as shown in Figure 3.6

A1 A2 a2 a1
L1

B1 B2 b2 b1
L2

C1 C2 c2 c1
L3

V1 H.V. L.V.
N 300V

Figure 3.6 Dy11 Connection

4.2 Connect the terminal A1 of primary side to the terminal a1 of secondary side (as shown in
dotted line)
4.3 Adjust power voltage V1 to 100 V
4.4 Record voltages VA1a1, VA1b1, VA1c1, VB1a1, VB1b1, VB1c1, VC1a1, VC1b1, VC1c1, VA1B1, VB1C1, VC1A1,
Va1b1, Vb1c1, Vc1a1
4.5 According to the measured voltage, draw vector diagram to indicate phase difference
Discussion

Conclusion