Photogrammetry and Application

(CODE: CUAS2022)
Relief Displacement
By
K. C. SETHI
Adjunct Professor, CUTM
Officer Surveyor (Retd.) Survey of India
Vertical Photographs
Image Measurements
• The solution of most photogrammetric problems generally requires
some type of photographic measurement.
• For certain problems the measurements may simply be the lengths
of lines between imaged points.
• However, rectangular coordinates of imaged points are the most
common type of photographic measurement, and they are used
directly in many photogrammetric equations.
• Photographic measurements are usually made on positives printed
on paper, film, or glass, or in digital images manipulated on a
computer.
• Equipment used for making photographic measurements varies from
inexpensive, simple scales to very precise and complex machines
that provide computer-compatible digital output.
Coordinate Systems for Image
Measurements
• For metric cameras with side
fiducial marks, the commonly
adopted reference system for
photographic coordinates, is the
rectangular axis system formed by
joining opposite fiducial marks with
straight lines
Central Projection
Central Perspective
 Geometry of Map and Photo
Orthogonal Projection Central Perspective Projection
Central Perspective Projection
 Varied Scale
 Relief Displacement
RELIEF DISPLACEMENT
• The shift of an image from its
true position due to the
elevation of the objects is called
relief displacement.
• The Relief Displacement
process can also help to
calsculate
Relief Displacement
• From ∆ OKa and OKA
𝑟𝑟 𝑓𝑓
=
𝑅𝑅 𝐻𝐻 − ℎ
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
𝑟𝑟 =
𝐻𝐻 − ℎ
• From ∆ Oka0 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ∆ 𝑂𝑂𝐾𝐾0 𝐴𝐴0
𝑟𝑟0 𝑓𝑓
=
𝑅𝑅 𝐻𝐻
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
𝑟𝑟0 =
𝐻𝐻
Relief Displacement
• Relief displacement 𝑑𝑑 = 𝑟𝑟 − 𝑟𝑟0
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
𝑑𝑑 = −
𝐻𝐻 − ℎ 𝐻𝐻
𝐻𝐻 − 𝐻𝐻 + ℎ ℎ
𝑑𝑑 = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 × = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ×
𝐻𝐻 − ℎ 𝐻𝐻 𝐻𝐻 − ℎ 𝐻𝐻
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 × ℎ 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ℎ
𝑑𝑑 = = ×
𝐻𝐻 − ℎ 𝐻𝐻 𝐻𝐻 − ℎ 𝐻𝐻
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
• Putting 𝑟𝑟 =
𝐻𝐻−ℎ
𝒓𝒓×𝒉𝒉
• Displacement 𝒅𝒅 =
𝑯𝑯
𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅
and Height = 𝒉𝒉 =
𝒓𝒓
Thank You