ST.

VINCENT’S HIGH AND TECHNICAL SCHOOL, ASANSOL

PRE MOCK EXAMINATION , 2022
CLASS X
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: Two hours
SECTION A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from SECTION B.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in []
SECTION A
( Attempt all questions from this Section)
Question 1
Choose the correct answer to the questions from the given options. [15]

(i) When an irregular body is freely suspended from a point, its centre of
gravity at balanced position lies:
(a) vertically above the point of suspension.
(b) geometric centre of the irregular body.
(c) at the base of the irregular body.
(d) vertically below the point of suspension.

(ii) If a light body A of mass ‘m’ and a heavy body B of mass ‘M’ have the
same kinetic energy ‘K’, then the heavy body B will have:
(a) more momentum than the light body A.
(b) less momentum than the light body A.
(c) same momentum as that of A.
(d) none of the above is true.

(iii) The given figure shows a simple pendulum. It is

displaced from the mean position A to the extreme position
B, at a height of 5m. The speed of the bob at the position A
when released from B is:
(a) 5 ms- 1 (b) 10 ms- 1 (c) 20 ms- 1 (d) 4 ms- 1

(iv) The pulley system always acts as a:

(a) force multiplier. (b) gain in speed.
(c) force multiplier as well as a speed multiplier. (d) none of the above.

(v) In passing from one medium to another, if light slows down:

(a) ∠r > ∠i (b) μ = 1 (c) ∠r < ∠i (d) μ < 1.

(vi) Choose the correct statement:

During minimum deviation of a monochromatic light ray through an
equilateral prism:
(a) the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence.
(b) the refracted light ray is parallel to the base.
(c) 𝛿 min = 2i – A.
(d) all are correct statements.
(vii) The refractive index of a medium increases with the decrease in:
(a) wavelength of incident light in denser medium.
(b) wavelength of incident light in rarer medium.
(c) wavelength of refracted light ray in the rarer medium.
(d) none of these.

(viii) Power rating of a pump =

(a) power output x power input. (b) power input / power out put.
(c) power output / time. (d) power output / power input.

(ix) In the block and tackle system of pulleys, the velocity

ratio is……………….
(a) one less than the total number of pulleys.
(b) equal to the number of pulleys.
(c) ratio of displacement of load to the displacement of effort.
(d) none of the above.

real depth
(x) The relation air μ medium = is valid:
apparent depth
(a) when an object kept in denser medium is seen vertically above from air.
(b) when an object kept in denser medium is seen obliquely from air.
(c) when an object kept in rarer medium is seen obliquely from denser
medium.
(d) all of the above.

(xi) The linear magnification of a concave lens is always:

(a) negative and greater than 1.
(b) positive and greater than 1.
(c) positive and less than 1.
(d) negative and less than 1.

(xii) The rate at which the energy is lost by a vibrating body to the
surroundings depend on:
(a) density of the surrounding medium.
(b) shape and size of the vibrating body.
(c) both (a) & (b).
(d) none of the above.

(xiii) E.m.f of a cell does not depend on:

(a) the amount of current drawn from the cell.
(b) the shape of the electrodes.
(c) the distance between the electrodes.
(d) all of the above.

(xiv) Which ammeter shows the largest reading in the

given circuit?
(a) Ammeter A (b) Ammeter B
(c) Ammeter C (d) Ammeter D
(xv) Refer the given diagram. Water in the test tube is
slowly emptied out. A vibrating tuning fork when
placed above the test tube produces a loud sound
when the height of the air column is 17 cm. At what
height of the air column, will the next loud sound be
heard?
(a) 34 cm (b) 25.5 cm
(c) 51 cm (d) 68 cm

Question 2 [3]
(a) Why a copper wire is unsuitable for use as a fuse wire ?
Ans: because it has a high melting point (≈ 1080℃) or it will not melt even if
the current exceeds its safe limit. …………….. 1 M
(b) On what principle a fuse works ?
Ans: heating effect of electric current. ……………. 1 M
(c) Name one factor on which the rise in temperature of fuse wire depend.
Ans: depends on: (i) current rating (I) or (ii) its radius (r). (any one)… 1M

(ii) In which of the cases is more electrical energy consumed per hour,
(a) a current of 1 A is passed through a resistance of 300 Ω.
(b) a current of 2 A is passed through a resistance of 100 Ω. [2]
Sol: (a) Electrical energy consumed = I Rt = 1 x 300 x 3600 = 10,80,000 J
2 2

(b) Electrical energy consumed = I2Rt = 22x 100 x 3600 = 14,40,000 J

Ans: Electrical energy consumed is more in (b)
[working …. 1 M & ans …. 1 M]

(iii) How does the lateral displacement depend upon: (a) angle of incidence
and (b) wavelength of incident light. [2]
Ans: (a) Angle of incidence: direct proportion. ……….. 1 M
(b) Wavelength of incident light: inverse proportion. …………… 1 M

(iv) Light travels from air to glass. Angle of incidence and refraction are 45°
and 30° resp. (a) calculate the refractive index of glass with respect to air.
(b) calculate the speed of light in glass. [2]
1⁄
sin 45° 1 2
Sol: (a) a
𝜇 g = sin 30° = 1⁄√2 = x = √2 or 1.414 ………… 1 M
2 √2 1
speed of light in vacuum
(b) a𝜇 g = .
speed of light in glass
3 x 108
∴ 1.41 = .
speed of light in glass
3 x 108
⇒ speed of light in glass = = 2.13 x 108 ms –1
. …………….. 1 M
1.41

(v) A wire of length ‘l’ and resistance ‘R’ is stretched so that its length is
double and the area of cross-section is halved. How will its (a) resistance
and (b) resistivity change ? [2]
ρl
Ans: (a) Original resistance (R) = . [where, l = length, A = crossectional
A
area, ρ = resistivity]
New length = 2l; new area of crossectional area = A/2. Resistivity remains
unchanged (ρ)
ρ x 2l ρl
∴ New resistance (R’) = A/2 = 4 x A = 4 x R. ………… 1 M
The resistance increases by 4 times.
(b) Resistivity remains unchanged. ………… 1 M

(vi) State the law: (a) which gives the direction of magnetic field around a
current carrying wire. (b) which gives the direction of induced current in a
coil kept in a magnetic field. [2]
Ans: (a) Maxwell’s Right hand thumb rule ………… 1 M
(b)Fleming’s right hand rule. ………… 1 M

(vii) A current through a horizontal power line flows in east to west direction.
What is the direction of magnetic field at a point directly (a) below it and (b)
at a point directly above it ? [2]
Ans: (a) towards south. ………… 1 M
(b) towards north. ………… 1 M

Question 3
(i) (a) If aμg = 3/2 and aμw = 4/3, find wμg .
(b) A denser medium has critical angle 60°. Calculate its refractive index.[2]
Sol: (a) wμg = refractive index of glass / refractive index of water.
⇒ wμg = 3/2 x 3/4 = 9/8 = 1.125 ………… 1 M
2 2 x 1.732 3.464
(b) Refractive index = cosec 60° = = = = 1.15 ………… 1 M
√3 3 3
(ii) The displacement-distance graphs for waves A and B are depicted above
as they pass through air. What is the relation between their:
(a) Wavelengths?
(b) Loudness? [2]
2x
Ans: (a) Wavelength of wave A = 3 .
Wavelength of wave B = x.
wavelength of wave A 2x 1 2
∴ wavelength of wave B = 3 x x = 3 or 2:3 ………… 1 M
(b) Amplitude of wave A = 8 mm.
Amplitude of wave B = 16 mm.
loudness of wave A (8)2 1 2 1
∴ = (16)2
= (2) = or 1:4 ………… 1 M
loudness of wave B 4

(iii) (a) In the given three-pin socket, identify and write

Neutral (N) against the correct number.
(b) To which wire (1, 2 or 3) is the fuse connected ? [2]
Ans: (a) Neutral – 2 ………… 1 M
(b) 3 ………… 1 M

(iv) A rotating coil of wire that rotates at a constant speed between the poles
of a permanent horse-shoe magnet is taken. Which diagram below shows
the position of the coil when induced emf is (a) maximum, and which
position shows induced emf is (b) zero?
 (a) (b) (c)

Ans: (a) maximum – diagram (c) ………… 1 M

(b) zero – diagram (a) ………… 1 M
(v) State two conditions for a body, acted upon by several forces to be in
equilibrium [2]
Ans: Two conditions are:
(i) the resultant of all the forces acting on the body is zero. ………… 1 M
(ii) the algebraic sum of moments of all the forces about the fixed point is
zero. ………… 1 M
SECTION B
(Attempt any four questions)
Question 4
(i) (a)What is meant by resonance ?
(b) State two ways in which resonance differs from forced vibrations. [3]
Ans: (a)When the frequency of the externally applied periodic force on a
body is equal to its natural frequency, the body vibrates with an increased
amplitude. This phenomenon is known is resonance. ………… 1 M
(b) any two differences:
Resonance Forced Vibrations
1. The vibrations of a body under 1. The vibrations of a body under
an external periodic force of an external periodic force of
frequency exactly equal to the frequency different from the
natural frequency of the body. natural frequency of the body.
2. The amplitude of vibrations is 2. The amplitude of vibrations is
very large. small.
3. The vibrations of the body are 3. The vibrations of the body are
in a phase with the external not in a phase with the external
periodic force. periodic force.
4. These vibrations last for a long 4. These vibrations last for a very
time after the periodic force has small time after the periodic force
ceased to act. has ceased to act.
(ant two correct difference ……….. 2 M)

(ii) In the following diagram an arrow shows the motion of the coil towards
the bar magnet.
(a) State in which direction the current flows, A to B or B to A?
(b) How would the current in coil be altered, if the coil
has twice the number of turns ?
(c) How would the current in coil be altered, if the coil
was to made to move three times fast ? [3]
Ans: (a) A to B ………… 1 M
(b) magnitude of current will increase by twice. ………… 1 M
(c) magnitude of current increases by three times. ………… 1 M
(iii) A current carrying rod AB is suspended perpendicular
to the magnetic field produced by a horse-shoe magnet.
Answer the following based on your observation.
(a) Name the rule which is used to find the direction of
force acting on the wire.
(b) State the condition for the magnitude of force on AB
to be zero.
(c) How will the direction of force be changed, if the current in AB is
reversed ?
(d) How the magnitude of force change if the length of rod AB is decreased?
[4]
Ans: (a)Fleming’s left hand rule. ………… 1 M
(b) Direction of current (or rod AB) is parallel to the direction the magnetic
lines of force (or magnetic field). ………… 1 M
(c) Force on conductor AB will be outward (away from magnet). ………… 1 M
(d) Magnitude of force on rod AB decreases. ………… 1 M

Question 5
(i) State the condition when the work done by a force is:
(a) positive,
(b) negative.
(c) Calculate the kinetic energy of a body of mass 0.1 kg and momentum 20
kg m s – 1. [3]
Ans: (a) direction of force is along the direction of displacement. ………… 1 M
(b) direction of force is diametrically opposite to the direction of
displacement. ………… 1 M
𝑝2 20 x 20 400 4000
(c) K = = = = = 2000 J. ………… 1 M
2𝑚 2 x 0.1 0.2 2

(ii) A converging lens forms the image of an object placed infront of it,
beyond 2F2 of the lens.
(a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image.
(b) State whether the numerical value of linear magnification is more than 1
or less than 1. [3]
Ans: (a) Ray diagram
(b) Magnification:
more than 1 ….. 1 M

(iii) (a) Name three factors on which the internal resistance of a cell depends
and state how does it depend on the mentioned factors. [3+1]
(b) Under what condition is the e.m.f. of a cell less than its terminal voltage?
Ans: (a) Internal resistance of a cell depends on: (any three) …… (1+1+1)M
(i) surface area of the electrodes: indirect proportion.
(ii) distance between the electrodes: direct proportion.
(iii) nature and concentration of the electrolyte: direct proportion.
(iv) temperature of the electrolyte: indirect proportion. (only factors ..1M)
(b) while charging the cell by passing current. ……... 1 M

Question 6
(i) How does the specific resistance of (a) a semi-conductor change with the
increase in temperature,(b) a super conductor change with the decrease in
temperature, (c) metallic conductor change with the increase in
temperature. [3]
Ans: (a) specific resistance decreases. ……….. 1 M
(b) specific resistance decreases and becomes almost zero in low
temperature range near absolute zero. …….... 1 M
(c) specific resistance increases. …….... 1 M

(ii) A 50 cm uniform ruler is freely pivoted at 15 cm mark which balances

horizontally when an object of weight 40 dyne is hung from the 2 cm mark.
(a) Draw a diagram of the arrangement.
(b) Calculate the weight of the ruler.
(c) Calculate the force with which pivot is pressed. [3]
Sol: (a)

(b) From the principle of moment,

⇒ w x 10 = 40 x 13
40 x 13
⇒ w = 10 = 52 dyn. ……... 1 M
(c) Force with which the pivot is pressed = (52 + 40)dyn = 92 dyne. ….. 1 M

(iii) A ball of mass 20 g falls from a height of 10 m and after striking the
ground, it rebounds from the ground to a height of 8m. Calculate:
(a) the kinetic energy of the ball just before striking the ground.
(b) the loss in kinetic energy of the ball on striking the ground.
(c) Plot energy vrs height graph to represent the variation in kinetic and
potential energy of the ball falling freely under gravity from the height of
10m above the ground. [4]
Sol: (a) Kinetic energy of ball just before striking the ground = mgh.
⇒ K = 0.02 x 10 x 10 = 2 J. ……... 1 M
(b) Kinetic energy of the ball just after striking the ground = 0.02 x 10 x 8.
⇒ K = 1.6 J
∴ Loss in kinetic energy on striking the ground = 2 – 1.6 = 0.4 J. ……... 1 M
(c)
Question 7
(i) A man standing in front of a vertical cliff fires a gun. He hears the echo
after 3 seconds. On moving closer to the cliff by 82.5 m, he fires again. This
time, he hears the echo after 2.5 seconds. Calculate: (a) the distance of the
cliff from the initial position of the man and (b) the velocity of sound. [3]
Sol: Let x be the distance of the
cliff from the initial position of
the man and v be the velocity of
the sound.
According to question;
2𝑥 2𝑥
⇒3= or, v = ….. (i)
𝑣 3
2(𝑥−82.5) 2𝑥 − 165
⇒ 2.5 = or, v = …. (ii) (any one correct eqn.) ……... 1 M
𝑣 2.5
Comparing eqns. (i) & (ii),
2𝑥 2𝑥 − 165
⇒ 3 = .
2.5
⇒ 5x = 6x – 495.
⇒ x = 495 m. ……... 1 M
2 x 495
Substituting the value of x in eqn. (i), v = = 330 ms –1
. ……... 1 M
3

(ii) State three advantages of ring system of electric wiring. [3]

Ans: Three advantages are: (any three points) …… (1+ 1+1)M
(a) current from mains can reach to an appliance through two separate
paths.
(b) if the fuse of one appliance burns, it does not affect the operation of
other appliance.
(c) the plugs and sockets used can be of same size but should have its own
fuse of rating suitable for the appliance.
(d) a new line up to the distribution box is not required while installing a new
appliance.

(iii) How does the angle of deviation produced by a prism change with the
increase in (a) the wavelength of incident light, (b) the angle of incidence
and (c) angle of prism.
(d) A ray of light incident at an angle 48° on a glass prism of refracting
angle 60° suffers minimum deviation. Calculate the angle of minimum
deviation. [4]
Ans: (a) angle of deviation decreases. ……... 1 M
(b) angle of deviation increases. ……... 1 M
(c) angle of deviation decreases. ……... 1 M
(d) 𝛿 min = 2 x 48 – 60 = 36°. ……... 1 M [𝛿 min = 2i – A]

Question 8
(i) A block and tackle system has a velocity ratio 3.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the system indicating the points of
application and direction of load and effort.
(b) A man can exert a pull of 200 kgf. What is the maximum load he can
raise with this pulley system if its efficiency is 60% ?
(c) If the effort end moves a distance 60 cm, what distance does the load
move ? [3]
Ans: (a) diagram:
Direction and point of application
Of load & effort …. 1 M
Without support minus 1M

(b) The effort put by man is E = 200 kgf

Efficiency η = 60%
For block and tackle system,
⇒ η = 1 – w / nE
⇒ 0.6 = 1 – w / 3 × 200
⇒ w / 600 = (1 – 0.6)
Thus, w = (1 – 0.6) × 600
⇒ w = 240 kgf.
Hence, load is,
⇒ L = nE – w
⇒ L = 600 – 240 = 360 kgf. ……... 1 M
(c) The velocity ratio of system is V.R = 3
Therefore, we get,
V.R = dE / dL = n = 3.
∴ dL = dE / 3 = 60 / 3 = 20 cm. ……... 1 M

(ii) For the incident ray LM shown, complete the diagram to show the path of
the ray into and out of the prism. Critical angle of glass is 42°. [3]

Ans: MN ray ……... 1 M

ray NP ……... 1 M
any one angle ………….. 1M
(iii) The figure given below shows a battery
having an e.m.f. of 9 V and internal resistance r
= 0.6 Ω, connected to three resistors A, B and C.
Calculate:
(a) the effective resistance of the circuit and
(b) the current through 4 Ω and 6 Ω resistors.
[4]
4x6
Sol: (a) Rp = 4 + 6 = 2.4 Ω
Effective resistance (R) = 2 + 2.4 = 4.4 Ω. ……... 1 M
ε 9 9
(b) I = R + r = 4.4 + 0.6 = 5 A.
9
Potential difference across B and C = IRp = x 2.4 = 4.32 V ……... 1 M
5
4.32
∴ Current through B (4 Ω ) = = 1.08 A. ……... 1 M
4
4.32
∴ Current through C (6 Ω) = = 0.72 A. ……... 1 M
6

Question 9
(i) (a) What is the cause of dispersion of white light through a prism ?
(b) Name the material of prism required for obtaining the spectrum of
ultraviolet and infrared radiations. [3]
Ans: (a) The cause of dispersion of white light is that light of different
wavelengths travel with different speeds in a medium(glass) ……... 1 M
(b) For ultraviolet radiation – quartz. ……... 1 M
For infrared radiation – rock-salt ……... 1 M

(ii) How the power of a lens depend on:

(a) focal length.
(b) curvature of lens.
(c) thickness of lens. [3]
Ans: (a) inversely proportional. ……... 1 M
(b) directly proportional. ……... 1 M
(c) directly proportional. ……... 1 M

(iii) The given diagram shows an object O and its image I.

(a) Copy the diagram and draw suitable rays to locate the lens and its focus.
(b) If the height of the image formed in the above diagram is 16 cm and
that of the object kept at a distance 6 cm from the lens is 4 cm, find the
position of the image and the focal length of the lens. [4]
Ans: (a) ray diagram:
(b) I = 16 cm, O = 4 cm, u = - 6 cm,
I v
⇒m= = .
O u
16 v
⇒ = .
4 −6
⇒ v = - 24 cm. ……... 1 M
The image is formed 24 cm in front of the lens.
From lens formula:
1 1 1
⇒ = − .
𝑓 𝑣 𝑢
1 1 1
⇒ = − .
𝑓 − 24 −6
1 1 1
⇒ = + .
𝑓 − 24 6
1 −1 +4 3 1
⇒ = = = .
𝑓 24 24 8
⇒ f = 8 cm.
The focal length of the lens is 8 cm. ……... 1 M