PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayambang Campus
Laboratory Integrated School – High School

““AXIOMazing TRYangles””
(A mini–Performance Task in Grade 8)

Submitted By :

Ian Jeyrnel B. Cayabyab

Grade 8

Submitted to:

Mr. Alberto D. Agbuya

Instructor I
Introduction:

In mathematics, the axiomatic system refers to the statements and rules used to develop and
prove theorems. Explore the definition and properties of the axiomatic system, including
consistency, independence, and completeness. Understand how an axiom compares to an
axiomatic system. 

What exactly is an axiomatic system? I know it sounds like a big word for a complicated system,
but it's actually not all that complicated. Defined, an axiomatic system is a set of axioms used to
derive theorems. What this means is that for every theorem in math, there exists an axiomatic
system that contains all the axioms needed to prove that theorem. An axiom is a statement that is
considered true and does not require a proof. It is considered the starting point of reasoning.
Axioms are used to prove other statements. They are basic truths. For example, the statement that
all right angles are equal to each other is an axiom and does not require a proof. We know that all
right angles are equal to each other and we do not argue that point. Instead, we use this
information to prove other things. A collection of these basic, true statements forms an axiomatic
system.
The subject that you are studying right now, geometry, is actually based on an axiomatic system
known as Euclidean geometry. This system has only five axioms or basic truths that form the
basis for all the theorems that you are learning. Everything can be traced back to these five
axioms. What are they? Let me tell you.
1. A straight line can be drawn from any one point to any other point.
2. A line segment can be extended infinitely in both directions.
3. A circle can be described with a center and radius.
4. All right angles are equal to each other.
5. If a line intersecting two lines forms interior angles less than 90 degrees, then the two lines
will intersect on the same side as the angles that are less than 90 degrees. The fifth axiom is also
known as the parallel postulate.
Axiomatic systems also have three different properties.
Two figures are congruent if and only if we can map one onto the other using rigid
transformations. Since rigid transformations preserve distance and angle measure, all
corresponding sides and angles are congruent. That means that one way to decide whether a pair
of triangles are congruent would be to measure all of the sides and angles.
The triangle congruence criteria give us a shorter way! With as few as 333 of the measurements,
we can often show that two triangles are congruent.
We can break up any polygon into triangles. So showing that triangles are congruent is a
powerful tool for working with more complex figures, too.
Drawing are not always to scale, so we can't assume that two triangles are or are not congruent
based on how they look in the figure. That's especially important when we are trying to decide
whether the side-side-angle criterion works. If the congruent angle is acute and the drawing isn't
to scale, then we don't have enough information to know whether the triangles are congruent or
not, no matter how they look in the drawing.

BODY:
a) Identify all points and lines in the figure
POINTS: A,B,C D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,Ň, O P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z,AA,AB,AC,AD
LINES:
AB,AD,AC,BD,DE,DF,DC,FG,FL,FO,EO,EP,,GL,GK,,LK,LM,LN,ON,OT,QP,,QR,RS,R
T,TU,ST,SU,RV,RZ,RX,RZUZ,UŇ, ŇZ, ZY,ŇAA,ZAA,ZAB,YAC,XACXAD,XW

b) Based on the figure you created, how many defined terms are obtained/ achieved?
List down and identify as many as defined terms obtained.
COLLINEAR POINTS: A,B,C D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,Ň, O
P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z,AA,AB,AC,AD

c) On the figure, identify at least one theorem that applies and explain how it is applicable.
(Theorem 3.1, Theorem 3.2, Midpoint Theorem, and Angle Bisector theorem)
ANGLE BISECTOR THEOREM
LINE SEGMENT SX BISECTS ANGLE SXAC

c) On the figure, determine at least one pair of triangles that are congruent.
LMN ≡ LNO
d) Measure the angle and sides of the two triangles you determined.
TRIANGLE LMN
SIDES
LM-5cm
LN-4cm
NU-6cm
ANGLES
L-70 degrees
M-70 degrees
U- 40 degrees

TRIANGLE LNO
SIDES
LN-5cm
LO-4cm
NU-6cm
ANGLES
 L-70 degrees
M-70 degrees
O- 40 degrees

e) Determine the measures of corresponding sides and angles of the congruent triangles.
SIDES
LM-LN=5CM
LN-LN=4CM
LO-MN=6CM

ANGLES
N -N=70 DEGREES
L-L =70DEGREES
O-O=40 DEGREES
INSIGHTS AND REALIZATIONS:
In doing this activity, honestly , I find it really hard. I am not that good in analyzing triangles.
But as I go through, I learned that based on the images you can estimate and realized some
measurements of angles that help me answer the guide questions. I want to learn more and
understand about it. I hope that as I continue with the other activities that might be given, I can
fully understand the notion behind it.
DOCUMENTATION: