IOT AND SMART APPLICATION

DISRUPTIONS
IOT & Smart application Disruptions
The internet of things, or IOT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and
the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-
computer interaction.

A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with
a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire
pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and is
able to transfer data over a network.Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are
using IoT to operate more efficiently, better understand customers to deliver enhanced customer
service, improve decision-making and increase the value of the business.

Let's us look closely at our mobile device which contains GPS Tracking, Mobile Gyroscope,
Adaptive brightness, Voice detection, Face detection etc. These components have their own
individual features, but what about if these all communicate with each other to provide a better
environment? For example, the phone brightness is adjusted based on my GPS location or my
direction.

Connecting everyday things embedded with electronics, software, and sensors to internet
enabling to collect and exchange data without human interaction called as the Internet of Things
(IoT).

IoT is an advanced automation and analytics system which deals with artificial intelligence,
sensor, networking, electronic, cloud messaging etc. to deliver complete systems for the product
or services. The system created by IoT has greater transparency, control, and performance.

As we have a platform such as a cloud that contains all the data through which we connect all the
things around us. For example, a house, where we can connect our home appliances such as air
conditioner, light, etc. through each other and all these things are managed at the same platform.
Since we have a platform, we can connect our car, track its fuel meter, speed level, and also track
the location of the car.

If there is a common platform where all these things can connect to each other would be great
because based on my preference, I can set the room temperature. For example, if I love the room
temperature to be set at 25 or 26-degree Celsius when I reach back home from my office, then

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according to my car location, my AC would start before 10 minutes I arrive at home. This can be
done through the Internet of Things (IoT).

CHARACTERISTICS
The fundamental characteristics of the IoT are as follows:

1) Interconnectivity: With regard to the IoT, anything can be interconnected with the global
information and communication infrastructure.

2) Things-related services: The IoT is capable of providing thing-related services within the
constraints of things, such as privacy protection and semantic consistency between physical
things and their associated virtual things. In order to provide thing-related services within the
constraints of things, both the technologies in physical world and information world will change.

3) Heterogeneity: The devices in the IoT are heterogeneous as based on different hardware
platforms and networks. They can interact with other devices or service platforms through
different networks. Dynamic changes: The state of devices change dynamically, e.g., sleeping
and waking up, connected and/or disconnected as well as the context of devices including
location and speed. Moreover, the number of devices can change dynamically.

4) Enormous scale: The number of devices that need to be managed and that communicate with
each other will be at least an order of magnitude larger than the devices connected to the current
Internet. Even more critical will be the management of the data generated and their interpretation
for application purposes. This relates to semantics of data, as well as efficient data handling.

5) Safety: As we gain benefits from the IoT, we must not forget about safety. As both the
creators and recipients of the IoT, we must design for safety. This includes the safety of our
personal data and the safety of our physical well-being. Securing the endpoints, the networks,
and the data moving across all of it means creating a security paradigm that will scale.

6) Connectivity: Connectivity enables network accessibility and compatibility. Accessibility is

getting on a network while compatibility provides the common ability to consume and produce
data.

Brownfield IOT
Brownfield describes the problem and the process of having to consider already existing systems
when implementing new software systems.

The term brownfield was originally used in construction and development to reference land that
at some point was occupied by a permanent structure. In a brownfield project the structure would
need to be demolished or renovated. Today, the term brownfield project is used in many

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industries, including software development, to mean to start a project based on prior work or to
rebuild (engineer) a product from an existing one.

SMART OBJECTS

Smart Objects (also known as Intelligent Objects) are objects that are equipped with positioning
and communication technologies and are integrated into a communication network, the so called
Internet of Things (IoT).

These intelligent objects can enter, store and process data and interact with other objects, systems
or people. They can be embedded or fixed in other objects and capture data about position and
sensors, as well as execute decision and control functions. Some of the common and popular IoT
devices are given below:

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 Smart Applications
Potential applications of the IoT are numerous and diverse, permeating into practically all areas
of every-day life of individuals, enterprises, and society as a whole. The IoT application covers
“smart” environments/spaces in domains such as: Transportation, Building, City, Lifestyle,
Retail, Agriculture, Factory, Supply chain, Emergency, Healthcare, User interaction, Culture and
tourism, Environment and Energy. Below are some of the IOT applications.

A. IOsL (Internet of smart living): Remote Control Appliances: Switching on and off remotely
appliances to avoid accidents and save energy, Weather: Displays outdoor weather conditions
such as humidity, temperature, pressure, wind speed and rain levels with ability to transmit data
over long distances, Smart Home Appliances: Refrigerators with LCD screen telling what’s
inside, food that’s about to expire, ingredients you need to buy and with all the information
available on a Smartphone app. Washing machines allowing you to monitor the laundry
remotely, and. Kitchen ranges with interface to a Smartphone app allowing remotely adjustable
temperature control and monitoring the oven’s self-cleaning feature, Safety Monitoring: cameras,
and home alarm systems making people feel safe in their daily life at home, Intrusion Detection
Systems: Detection of window and door openings and violations to prevent intruders, Energy and
Water Use: Energy and water supply consumption monitoring to obtain advice on how to save
cost and resources, & many more…

B. IOsC ( Internet of smart cities): Structural Health: Monitoring of vibrations and material
conditions in buildings, bridges and historical monuments, Lightning: intelligent and weather
adaptive lighting in street lights, Safety: Digital video monitoring, fire control management,
public announcement systems, Transportation: Smart Roads and Intelligent High-ways with
warning messages and diversions according to climate conditions and unexpected events like
accidents or traffic jams, Smart Parking: Real-time monitoring of parking spaces availability in
the city making residents able to identify and reserve the closest available spaces, Waste
Management: Detection of rubbish levels in containers to optimize the trash collection routes.
Garbage cans and recycle bins with RFID tags allow the sanitation staff to see when garbage has
been put out.

C. IOsE (Internet of smart environment): Air Pollution monitoring: Control of CO2

emissions of factories, pollution emitted by cars and toxic gases generated in farms, Forest Fire
Detection: Monitoring of combustion gases and preemptive fire conditions to define alert zones,
Weather monitoring: weather conditions monitoring such as humidity, temperature, pressure,
wind speed and rain, Earthquake Early Detection, Water Quality: Study of water suitability in
rivers and the sea for eligibility in drinkable use, River Floods: Monitoring of water level
variations in rivers, dams and reservoirs during rainy days, Protecting wildlife: Tracking collars

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utilizing GPS/GSM modules to locate and track wild animals and communicate their coordinates
via SMS.

D. IOsI (Internet of smart industry): Explosive and Hazardous Gases: Detection of gas levels
and leakages in industrial environments, surroundings of chemical factories and inside mines,
Monitoring of toxic gas and oxygen levels inside chemical plants to ensure workers and goods
safety, Monitoring of water, oil and gas levels in storage tanks and Cisterns, Maintenance and
repair: Early predictions on equipment malfunctions and service maintenance can be
automatically scheduled ahead of an actual part failure by installing sensors inside equipment to
monitor and send reports.

E. IOsH (Internet of smart health): Patients Surveillance: Monitoring of conditions of patients

inside hospitals and in old people’s home, Medical Fridges: Control of conditions inside freezers
storing vaccines, medicines and organic elements, Fall Detection: Assistance for elderly or
disabled people living independent, Dental: Bluetooth connected toothbrush with Smartphone
app analyzes the brushing uses and gives information on the brushing habits on the Smartphone
for private information or for showing statistics to the dentist, Physical Activity Monitoring:
Wireless sensors placed across the mattress sensing small motions, like breathing and heart rate
and large motions caused by tossing and turning during sleep, providing data available through
an app on the Smartphone.

F. IOsE (internet of smart energy): Smart Grid: Energy consumption monitoring and
management, Wind Turbines/ Power house: Monitoring and analyzing the flow of energy from
wind turbines & power house, and two-way communication with consumers’ smart meters to
analyze consumption patterns, Power Supply Controllers: Controller for AC-DC power supplies
that determines required energy, and improve energy efficiency with less energy waste for power
supplies related to computers, telecommunications, and consumer electronics applications,
Photovoltaic Installations: Monitoring and optimization of performance in solar energy plants.

G. IOsA (internet of smart agriculture): Green Houses: Control micro-climate conditions to

maximize the production of fruits and vegetables and its quality, Compost: Control of humidity
and temperature levels in alfalfa, hay, straw, etc. to prevent fungus and other microbial
contaminants, Animal Farming/Tracking: Location and identification of animals grazing in open
pastures or location in big stables, Study of ventilation and air quality in farms and detection of
harmful gases from excrements, Offspring Care: Control of growing conditions of the offspring
in animal farms to ensure its survival and health, field Monitoring: Reducing spoilage and crop
waste with better monitoring, accurate ongoing data obtaining, and management of the
agriculture fields, including better control of fertilizing, electricity and watering.

The IoT application area is very diverse and IoT applications serve different users. Different user
categories have different driving needs. From the IoT perspective there are three important user

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categories: (1) The individual citizens, (2) Community of citizens (citizens of a city, a region,
country or society as a whole), (3) The enterprises.

Application of IOT in industries

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is an ever growing and rapidly increasing sector that accounts
for most of the share of IoT spending in the global market. 
Industrialists & manufactures in almost every sector have a tremendous opportunity to not only
monitor. But also automate many of complex process involved in manufacturing. For long time
industries and plants have had sensors and systems to track progress but IoT takes a step further
and provides intricacies to even the minute problems.

Let us see what are the IoT applications in manufacturing and industrial processes-

a. Digital/Connected Factory
The machinery that is embedded with an IoT system can transfer information related to
operations to the people such as the original equipment manufacturers and to field engineers.
This way process automation and optimization is made advantageous by enabling operation
managers and factory heads to remotely manage the factory units. Along with this, a unit which
is digitally connected helps in establishing a better line of command and also helps to identify
areas with key results and areas that might have potential problems for managers.
b. Facility Management
The IoT sensors placed inside manufacturing equipment triggers alerts based on condition-based
maintenance. Most of the machine tools are critical and are designed to function between a
specific temperature and vibration ranges. Whenever an equipment deviates from its prescribed
parameters, IoT sensors can actively monitor machines and send an alert. Manufacturers in this
way can conserve energy, reduce costs, eliminate machine downtime and increase operational
efficiency, by ensuring the prescribed working environment for machinery.
c. Production Flow Monitoring
IoT in manufacturing is capable of monitoring an entire production line be it from the refining
process completely down to the packaging of final products. Because this complete monitoring
of the process takes place in real-time. It provides us the scope to recommend any adjustments in
operations for better management of the industry’s operational cost. Since the monitoring is done
quite closely, it lags in the actual production thereby eliminating wastes and unnecessary work.
d. Inventory Management
This is best industrial IoT application, through IoT systems monitoring of events across a supply
chain is done. These systems allow one to track the inventory and trace it globally on a line-item
level. This way the users are notified if there are any significant deviations from the plan of
action. As a result, this provides a far-reaching and cross-channel visibility into inventories
which helps managers in getting realistic estimates of the available material, the work in progress
and the estimated arrival time of new materials. Ultimately this makes supply more optimal and
reduces additional and shared costs that arise in the value chain.
e. Plant Safety and Security
A workers’ safety and security in the plant improve by IoT combined with big data analysis. The
IoT system monitors some Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of health and safety, such as the

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number of injuries, frequent rates of illness, vehicle incidents, and property damage or any kind
of loss incurred during daily operations. Thus, an effective monitoring system ensures better and
effective safety. If there are some indicators that are lagging, they addressed, thus ensuring
better health, safety, and environment (HSE) issues. That’s no one can ignore industrial IoT
applications.
f. Quality Control
A product cycle has various stages, IoT sensors collect a mixture of product data and other third-
party synchronized data from the stages of a product cycle. This data contains information on the
composition of raw materials used in the making of a product, the temperature & working
environment, different wastes, the importance of transportation etc. On the final making of the
products. Moreover, the IoT device can also provide data about the customer sentiments while
he/she uses the product. All of these inputs from different sources and through IoT systems can
analyze to identify and correct potential quality issues.
g. Packaging Optimization
Manufacturers can gain insights into the usage patterns and handling of product from different
customers by using IoT sensors embedded in products and/or packaging. There are smart
tracking mechanisms that can trace product deterioration during the product transit. Other factors
such as weather impact, a condition of roads and other environment variables on the product.
Through these insights, one can re-engineer products and their packaging for delivering better
performance in both costs of packaging and customer experience.
h. Logistics and Supply Chain Optimization
In this industrial IoT applications, it provides access to real-time supply chain information by
tracking materials in transit, products, and equipment as they move through the supply chain.
Through effective reporting manufacturers are able to collect and feed the delivery information
into systems like ERP, PLM etc. If the plants get to connect to the suppliers, all the concerned
parties in the supply chain can trace interdependencies, manufacturing cycle times and material
flow. As a result, this data will help manufacturers to reduce inventory, predict potential issues
and also reduces capital requirements.
So, this was all about Industrial IoT Applications tutorial. Hope you like our explanation of IoT
Application in Manufacturing.

Value creation from Big data and Serialization.

Serialization is the process of transforming data entities into bytes for persistence or
transportation from one machine to another over a network.The Internet of Things and the Big
Data have extended the digital revolution to all parts of the economy. With the Internet of objects
(IoT) and gathered data we are at the dawn of a new digital revolution. If Big Data helps
companies to understand the behaviour and expectations of their customers, the connected
objects are contributing to the process.Three aspects of the digital revolution in particular are
shaking up technology, industry and the economy with profound social consequences: “the
decrease of computing and telecommunication costs, which are gradually becoming cheap
resources and easily accessible to everyone, IOT evolutions leading into an era of continuous and
never-ended innovation and the desire to create something outside the box, a new economic
mechanisms which in particular enables the development of activities with increasing returns that
redefine the competitive rules of the game”.

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One by one, all economic sectors are switching to the digital age by threatening disappearance of
businesses that won’t evolve. Companies must consider their positioning in this new paradigm,
rethink their business model, to develop new competitive advantages – those of the previous era
becoming partially obsolete – and then to transform to implement the new vision.
 
Positioning and competitive advantages: Companies must first understand the potential value
creation of connected objects and Big Data in their markets. Here are four key capabilities of
connected objects combined with Big Data:
 
 Monitoring: The sensors placed on the connected objects will provide with more information
and control in order to identify and fix these problems. The data can also be used indirectly
to better contemplate the design of future objects, to better segment the market and prices, or
to provide a more efficient after-sales service;
 Control: use of the gathered data by algorithms placed in the product or in the cloud makes it
possible to remotely control the objects if they are equipped with actuators;
 Optimization: the analysis of the current and past operating data of an object, crossed with all
the other environmental data and the possibility of controlling them, makes it possible to
optimize the efficiency of the object;
 Autonomy: the combination of all previous capabilities and the latest developments in
artificial intelligence allows to achieve a high level of autonomy of individual objects (such
as household vacuum robots) or complete systems (such as smart grid).

In addition, connected objects require companies to re-evaluate their environment, as the data
produced and the services and platforms that accompany them allow for system optimization on
a large scale. For example, public transport is already being considered in the context of a wider
mobility market, in which the aim is no longer to operate a bus or subway network, but to help a
Customer to go from point A to point B.

Indian Automobile Industry in Numbers

The automobile industry present in India has been ranked world’s 4th largest, and India as a country
being the world’s 4th largest manufacturer of cars. Globally, India has been ranked 7th in
commercial vehicles manufacturing sector in the year 2018.
The automobile industry is expected to reach a level of Rs. 16.16-18.18 trillion by the
year 2026. Two wheelers have been dominating the industry and account for 81% share in the
domestic automobile sales for the FY19. The automobile industry currently contributes nearly
6.7% to the national GDP, and is expected to reach 12% by the year 2026. Not only in terms of
GDP, the automobile industry is forecasted to be one of the largest sectors who’ll provide
employment opportunities in the future. Under the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
for the 2006-16 plan, the employment in this industry accounted for 25 million newer jobs. The
employment forecast says, that this industry will employ 10 million more jobs by the year 2022.

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Indian Automobile Production by Segment

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Future Drivers of Indian Automobile Industry

Connected Vehicles
Connected vehicles are those vehicles that use any of a number of different communication
technologies to communicate with the driver, other cars on the road (V2V), road-side
infrastructure (V2I) or vehicle to cloud (V2C). This technology can be used for improving vehicle
safety along with vehicle efficiency and commuting times.   
Following are some communication types that take place in connected vehicles-

Benefits of Connected Vehicles

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Connected Vehicle Providers in India
1. Robert Bosch Engineering India Limited
The company is the forefront of connected vehicle research. The first connected vehicle systems are
already under the testing with Mercedes. These two companies have come together in order to
launch the first of connected autonomous car in the year 2021.
The MySpin Solution is an app created by Bosch which takes all the apps form the smartphone
and mirrors it onto the vehicle’s infotainment system.
2. Renault Nissan Technical Centre
This centre is the alliance of the car manufacturers Renault and Nissan, who have been working out
together to come up with connected vehicle launch of these companies. The Centre has launched
an app named NissanConnectApp, that is available in India. It is responsible for building modules
of electric mobility, which are highly efficient cars as the electric motor charging is managed by
the means of a software.
The Renault Nissan Alliance, is a joint shareholding between the two companies, who share their
synergies from R&D on platforms to development of product, i.e. 40 vehicle models
with autonomous drive vehicle technology by 2022.
3. Mercedes Benz Research and Development India
The Mercedes Benz Research and Development India not only works on apps, but also on the
data generated by the vehicles, future of infotainment, in-vehicle communications, vehicle-to-
vehicle communication and vehicle-to-infrastructure. It is also looking for different network
modules from Wi-Fi to Li-fi.
4. Tata Elxsi
It is a part of the Tata Group and works on autonomous parking valet modules, where-in the car
understands the availability of parking spots and parks by itself. The group iscarrying out an
extensive amount of internal work on the software modules for autonomous and connected
vehicles. It also holds a platform connecting radars and cameras with machine learning to help the
drivers in difficult conditions.
Connected Vehicle Trends
Connected vehicles along with other digital technologies such as Internet of Things, Artificial
Intelligence and machine learning not only offers luxurious comfort to the passengers, but also

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provides the enhanced safety features. Following are the factors that govern the integration of
connected vehicle technology in a country like India-
1. Infrastructure
2. Revenue model and monetization
3. Growth and acceptance by the community
4. Regulatory and compliance changes
The connected vehicle technologies hold a great deal of offerings to the Indian consumers. The car
owners are empowered with the ability to connect their cars to different mobile applications which
offer features such as immobilization of the vehicle, alerting the owner of any unintended
movements and location tracking. These kind of applications can also provide necessary
information regarding the vehicle such as oil level, tire pressure and other-related alerts. The
concept of connected vehicle along with Internet of Things offers large number of opportunities for
both the automobile manufacturers and the consumers.
For consumers, the connected vehicle concept could mean integration with entertainment, traffic
and navigation information along with advanced features such as remote diagnostics and
maintenance, safety and emergency assistance.
For manufacturers, connected vehicle and telematics enable the valuable insights regarding the
vehicle operations and performances, remote diagnostics, safety services for a lifetime of the
vehicle and creating better contact with the customers. Some Indian companies have already
launched the integration of vehicles with connected vehicle technology. Reliance Jio Infocomm is
collaborating with US-based AirWire Technologies to launch the first connected-car device for
Indian users. Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.’s Mahindra DiGiSENSE technology solution connects the
entire Mahindra range of vehicles to the cloud, which in turn adds a new dimension to the
experience of vehicle of ownership.

Current State of IoT in India

Potential of Connected Vehicle Market

In a country like India, the concept of shared electric and connected vehicles could take no less than
15 years to become a mainstream reality. In this phase, India should look to enhance the
manufacturing expertise to a global size and scale, develop components required for electric vehicle
and improve the renewable energy capability.

According to a report published by a Statista, the revenue of India’s connected vehicle market sums
to $1048m in the year 2018 and these numbers are expected to have a forecasted annual growth
rate of 8.4% during the 2018-2022 phase.  The market is estimated to reach the volume
of $1449m by the year 2022. The penetration rate in the connected vehicles industry at 1.2% in the
year 2018 and is expected to hit the projection of 3.0% in the year 2022.

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 Revenue in Connected Vehicle Industry

Telematics Market Growth Drivers

Telematics is an automotive sector, that consists of comprehensive equipment which offer a host of
different features to create smarter vehicles. The telematics vehicle globally is valued at over $39
billion and is expected to witness a strong growth at 18% CAGR by the year 2022.
The telematics market in India still lies at a nascent stage, but it is emerging as a must have
technology in both- commercial and personal vehicles. Some prominent factors leading to its
growth includes-
i. Navigation:
Number of people being connected daily to each other is ever increasing and this concept is now
being witnessed in the form of telematics in vehicles. With an increase in complicated network of
roads in the metropolises lead to congestion and traffic jams. The role of telematics, is now
becoming important to have a telematics system that could help with GPS navigation and provide
real-time updates in the peak traffic hours

ii. Wireless Connectivity:

One of the major advantages of vehicular telematics is its own ability to connect with cars and
drivers by the means of a mobile technology. The Indian Government has begun to take necessary
steps for building a perfect environment which can sustain the Machine-to-Machine and Internet of
Things (IoT)
iii. Diagnostics and Remote Data Management:
The vehicular telematics permits the service providers to collect the valuable data about the
automobiles that are integrated with the system, and subsequently develop as well as provide the
customized services
iv. Safety and Security Against Thefts:
These days many automobile manufacturers and component developers have begun to improve and
upgrade the safety and security features within the vehicles by the means of telematics. The
systems are capable of detecting the car theft issues by tracking the location of the vehicle in real-
time and reducing the response time significantly

Future of IoT in Automobile Industry

The Indian Government has already begun to focus on the Machine-to-Machine and Internet of
Things space for making reliable, affordable and secure telecommunication and broadband services
that are easily available to one and all. The Government wishes to further introduce policies such as
which can help in improving GPS tracking, vehicle driver performance and enabling the
prevention of vehicle theft.
Some companies have already disrupted their markets with their one-of-a-kind product offering
sophistication in vehicle telematics solutions ensuring better safety and threat elimination for
both the owner and their vehicles. By introducing features such as Impact-alert Calling, Real-

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Time tracking and Panic Button, along with certain vehicle telematics create an ecosystem, that
not only makes the vehicle secure, but also promotes responsible driving.

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