COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Department of Industrial Engineering

6-in-1 Vehicle Safety and Emergency

Device

Agbu, Abby Gael

Arsenal, Quilah Sheen
Gador, Rona
Go, Coleen Chris Allanna L.
Paye, Janyl Lou

Final Paper
IE 22 – Ergonomics 1
May 30, 2022
 Chapter 1: Introduction

A. Background of the study

According to Niebel’s Methods, Standards, and Work Design, designing the workplace,
tools, equipment, and work environment to fit the human operator is called ergonomics.
It is known as the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions
among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory,
principles, data, and methods to design to optimize human well-being and overall
system performance.

Fast, effective, and accurate vehicle safety emergency devices or tools can save lives.
Quick access to the specific equipment that emergency vehicle personnel need
facilitates more efficacious tools during emergencies. This project focuses on designing
an improved emergency response device for vehicle owners or drivers. The device
currently in use has no organizational standard for the way the vehicle tools it contains
are placed inside. With an ergonomics method, we designed a device that better fits
vehicle requirements and found that the device, a 6in-1 vehicle safety emergency
device, is both easier to use and carry, based on emergency vehicle priorities.

B. Statement of the Problem

A new study by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) for ride-hailing service Uber
Philippines showed Manila had the third-longest traffic wait time in Asia, after Bangkok
and Jakarta. Filipinos in Manila spend an hour and six minutes each day or 16 days a
year stuck in traffic, costing them about 100,000 pesos a year in lost productivity each
year. And that's not including another 24 minutes a day that they spend looking for
parking. Which means that, at some point, many will find themselves in an emergency
situation while driving their vehicle. When that happens, it's important that residents
have a stocked car emergency kit.

It doesn't occur to many people that their car may turn into a sanctuary during an
unexpected event on the road. Particularly in areas with low population, a flat tire, a
blown engine or getting stuck in a rough road could leave you waiting for hours for
emergency services. In this instance, a car emergency kit can save your life.

In our current project, we propose six types of tools adjoining the design of a 6-in-1
vehicle safety emergency device. A less conventional way for bringing tools all at once
in an emergency. An ergonomic enhanced device that helps vehicle drivers more
efficiently to use while reducing the risk of harm.

C. Research Objectives
This study aims to determine and answer the following:
a. To design a 6-in-1 vehicle emergency device that is convenient to carry and use but
also to create a standard for organizing its vehicle tools based on safety emergency
priorities.
b. To create an ergonomic tool based on ergonomic guidelines and anthropometric
measurements.

D. Significance of the Study

This study aims to produce a multifunctional car safety tool. Furthermore, this study
aims to benefit the following entities:

Students. This study would give awareness to students about vehicle safety and
ergonomics in using hand tools. They could also use this study as their reference for
their research papers.

Drivers. This study would help drivers to have the idea of using a multifunctional
vehicle safety tool to aid them at all costs during on-road emergencies.

Engineers. This study would help the engineers of certain fields in gaining
knowledge about innovative inventions related to machines and hand devices. This
would give them background about the possibility of developing more multifunctional
vehicle safety tools.
 Future Researchers. This would help future researchers to have their basis if
their study is somehow related to vehicle safety and hand tools for emergencies.

E. Scope and Delimitation

The main focus of this study was to design an ergonomic multifunctional 6-in-1 vehicle
safety emergency device. The features are flash light, built-in swiss knife, horns,
window breaker, inflator and magnetized light stick beacon. The proposed device is
limited only in the conceptualization and design of the safety and emergency tool.

The proposed tool can be used by all vehicle owners or drivers, engineers and students.
Some calculations, assumptions, and selections were made as a consideration of a
proper and realistic design.
 Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature

Cases of On-Road Emergencies

Evidently, drivers often get stranded in challenging and awful circumstances during their
on-road journey, thus vehicle safety and utility tools are a lifesaver. These are essentials
for vehicle owners.

Road emergencies such as car entrapment occur more frequently and simply than most
people realize, and it may be fatal. That is why knowing how to escape is important.
According to Byron Bloch (2018), an auto safety specialist and frequent expert witness
located in Potomac, Maryland, even a parked automobile offers several safety dangers.
Cleveland resident Peter Pyros recently discovered this the hard way when he was
trapped in his Cadillac roadster for 14 hours when the car's electrical system failed and
he couldn't figure out how to get out.

Many huge SUV storage compartments are spacious enough for a tiny child to squeeze
inside and become imprisoned and car doors can become stuck in an accident, and the
driver or passenger might be stuck if the vehicle travels off the road into water and
becomes submerged. Many automobiles have electric windows, and if the vehicle loses
power to its electric windows, it is quite difficult to get out of a flooded car. Breaking a
vehicle window is much more difficult than it appears, and the proper equipment is
required.

Types of Car Safety Emergency Tools

The nature of emergency is unpredictable and can change in scope and impact.
Perhaps vehicle owners are essential to have proper safety emergency tools at every
onset incident may encounter. However, bringing tools all at once is less conventional in
an emergency. As such, incorporating all-in-one tool design is an optimal thing to have
as a life saver.

The following are the different types of tools that the group desired to adjoin into the
design of the 6-in-1 vehicle safety emergency device:
 ● Flash light - provides illumination without the use of electricity. The beam of light
from the device is necessary to enable control specific tasks during blackout or
under debris.
● Swiss knife - the components of the multi-purpose tool is useful in emergency
situations particularly when cutting and opening is in need.
● Horns - creates noise to call for help/attention during an emergency.
● Window breaker - used to break the glass of the car. The metal tip of the tool is
held against the window and a pin is pulled back and released to activate a
spring to break the window.
● Digital tire pressure gauge - checks and gives accurate measurement of tire
pressure.
● Inflator - produces harmless gas, which inflates deflated materials during an
on-the-road emergency, for instance, flat tires and deflate air-bags.

Musculoskeletal Disorders or Injuries associated when using Safety Emergency Device

Hand tools may appear to be harmless, yet they are the source of many injuries. In fact,
hand tool mishaps are responsible for an estimated 8% of all occupational injuries.
These injuries can be severe, in addition to common injuries like cuts, lacerations, and
bruises, frequent and continuous use of hand tools can induce stiffness, aches, pains,
and exhaustion, which, if untreated, can progress to chronic musculoskeletal injuries
(MSIs) of various types. Tendonitis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, epicondylitis (tennis elbow),
carpal tunnel syndrome, and de Quervain's syndrome are the most prevalent
work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WMSDs).
● Tissue compression triggered by forceful grips

A strong grip is usually required while utilizing a hand tool. Soft tissue compression in
the palm and fingers may restrict blood circulation, resulting in numbness and tingling.
Blisters are also prevalent as a result of contact between the palm of the hand and the
tool's handle.
 ● Vibration

Certain heavy tools, such as a chipping hammer, can cause substantial vibration,
causing hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), often known as white finger or
Raynaud's syndrome.
 Chapter 3: Methodology

Figure 3.1 Methods of investigation and design

The following are the steps followed accordingly in the conceptualization of this
proposed ergonomic tool. The final design of the safety emergency device was made
with reference to the design target of the ergonomic design, including the deficiencies of
the existing safety emergency devices in the market as listed in the previous chapter.
Figure 3.2 Process Flow Chart
For this study, the methods that were used for the investigation and design of the
ergonomic tool includes identifying and classifying current and existing safety
emergency devices and designs available in the market. The conceptualization process
of the tool design by gathering and brainstorming of ideas. The modeling of the final
design was constructed using the SketchUp software and modifications regarding the
design, features were made and assessed by the team. in order to achieve the given
criteria such as its aesthetics, ergonomics, feasibility and functionality. Figure 3.1 shows
the design process followed and implemented by the team.

Hand Tool Design Ergonomics

Figure 3.3 Guidelines for Hand Tool Design

Ergonomically enhanced devices have a design that makes them more efficient to use
while reducing tiredness and discomfort and lowering the risk of harm. Providing your
staff with a supply of industrial ergonomic hand tools will help to lower the risk of
musculoskeletal illnesses at work.

Anthropometry

The use of the correct tool design is important for prevention against upper-extremity
musculoskeletal disorders. Considering the ergonomics of a hand-tool, in addition to its
main function, the most important part is the tool’s handle. Tool handle design research
has been previously limited to the determination of the diameters of cylindrical handles
to increase performance and comfort for reducing the chances of CTD such as blisters,
inflamed skin, cramped muscles, etc. (Wang, C. and et al., 2016)

Anthropometric data is extremely important for product design as it is one of the most
important criteria in ergonomics for a product to fit the intended user ergonomically. This
study utilizes the Filipino anthropometric data as its main target user from a mean data
average of 1805 Filipino workers in 31 industries were gathered consisting of 843 Males
and 962 females were measured and tabulated (J.L. Del Prado-Lu, 2007).

Figure 3.4 Hand Anthropometric Dimensions (J.L. Del Prado-Lu, 2007)

To accommodate 90 percent of the Filipino population, all dimensions of the ergonomic

tool will be based on the data between the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile and
closer to the 50th percentile (mean). Based on the above hand anthropometric data, the
dimension constraints for the safety emergency device

Dimension Constraints

Figure 3.5 Dimension Constraints

The dimension constraints for the safety emergency device based on the hand
anthropometric data and ergonomic guidelines for hand tool design. They were used as
a basis for the standard dimensions of the product tool, in terms of its handle length,
handle diameter, grip power, shape and weight.
Design Conceptualization and its Product Description and Features

Figure 3.6
 Figure 3.7.

Figure 3.8.
This nifty, glovebox-sized device is packed with life saving tools and kits crucial for car
accidents and passenger survival. It has a swiss knife, window glass hammer, as well
as doubling up as a red, strobe light warning beacon that sticks to the car with a
magnetic base. It has a tire inflator with LED flashlights, and it can be powered with AA
batteries or through USB charging.

Figure 3.9. Gauge and Buttons

● The purpose of the button is to operate the tool easily. The symbols used
in the buttons are on and off, SOS for emergency light and sound logo for
the horn. The gauge also has two arrows which are used to set the level of
PSI of the inflation.
 Figure 4. Horn

● Ability to produce emergency sound when button is pressed. Produce sound will
alert nearby surroundings for signs of emergency and SOS.

Figure 4.1. Battery and USB Slot

● This tool can use the small/compact battery and the car battery using the
cigarette lighter power source as the source of power. It is reinforced with battery
support mode to have a backup incase there is no other source of power coming
from the car battery and vice versa.
 Figure 4.2 Window breaker with Cap

● Utilizes the mechanical principle of car window breaking, easily breaking car
windows even underwater. It also has a cap in order to prevent the window
breaker from breaking other things when it is stored.

Figure 4.3 Inflator with LED Flashlights

● Battery operated or plug in the volt to the power outlet, set the PSI desired on the
digital barometer, and wait for the display to stop blinking. Flip switch to on, the
inflator then pumps air and turns off automatically once PSI is reached. LED
flashlight on directly when the inflator was switched on in order to have a clear
view of the tire when inflating especially at night.
 Figure 4.4 Light stick

● Portable high-strength magnets can be stored on an iron stand under the seat.
Magnets work with SOS sidelights and sirens, allowing you to quickly get help or
warn others through flicking light sticks. Can be magnetized to your car when an
emergency occurs for SOS.

Figure 4.5 Screw set and Belt Cutter

● Multi-functional combination tool, multiple tools are integrated and easy to use.
Built-in stainless cutters help users quickly cut off car safety belts during
emergencies.
 Figure 4.6 Magnets

● Magnets were to help stick the tool in the car to catch attention of road passers
and/or authorities by turning on the emergency light stick and horn in times of
emergencies.

Figure 4.7 Curved Handles

● The purpose of these curved handles is to have a better grip of the tool because
it is designed to fit the shape of our hands when holding the tool.

FEATURE BENEFIT

Multifunctional Tool Set Increase Emergency awareness and alertness

 Tire Inflator with LED Flashlight Easy and safe to use
and gauge

User friendly buttons Useful for emergency and vehicular accidents

Window Breaker with Cap Potentially reduce fatal injuries and accidents
leading to death

Emergency Horn Fast and reliable assistance for emergency

response

Magnetic Emergency Light Lightweight and durable carry around tool

Figure 4.8 Feature-Benefit Chart

The feature benefit chart illustrates the range of a product's features so that potential
customers can see what the product offers along with the benefits of purchasing the
product. The feature benefit chart shows the potential benefits target customers will
have once they purchase the product, highlighting the product features being offered by
the product. Since the product is a multifunctional safety and emergency device, it has
numerous features that are composed of a built-in swiss knife, a magnetized light stick
beacon, tire inflator with LED lights, user friendly gauge buttons for emergency
response, window breaker and an emergency horn. Overall, the main objective of the
product is to increase and raise emergency response and awareness. Safe and reliable
to users for intended users, it promises a fast and swift emergency response once used.
At the same time, it is portable and an easy carry around to be stored in vehicles for
future use.
 Bill of Materials
Part Name Part Description Quantity Unit of Measure Cost

12 V Hella Super Loud

Compact Electric
Blast Tone Air Horn
1 Kit Emergency Horn 2 pc. 858.48
Tungsten Carbide
2 Brazed Tool Tip Window Breaker 1 pc. 8.64
Push button
3 membrane keypad Operational Buttons 1 pc. 162
Li-ion Battery Charger Battery slot with usb
4 with TYPE-C USB Port charging port for device 1 pc. 102.60
Customized Plastic
5 Part Structure of Device 1 pc. 100.00
Mini Tire Inflator
6 Digital LED Light Tire Inflator 1 pc. 568.36
Aluminum Alloy
7 Round Tube Light Stick Support 1 pc. 140.00
Senken Traffic Safety
Emergency Flashing
Warning Light
Magnetic Lamp
Beacon Rechargeable
8 LED Road Flares SOS Light Beacon 1 pc. 780
Neodymium Magnet
9 Nickel Magnet 1 pc. 29.12
Multifunctional Swiss Multifunctional
10 Knife combination tool 1 pc. 354.76
Total 3103.96
Figure 4.9 Bill of Materials

The bill of materials shows a comprehensive list of raw materials, assemblies,

subassemblies, parts, and components, as well as the quantities of each, are all
inventoried in order to build a product. The following parts were outsourced through
E-commerce websites in Alibaba, Lazada and Shopee, listed raw materials are just a
rough estimate of the possible and potential materials to be used for the product.

References

● Government of Canada, C. C. for O. H. and S. (2017, December 1). Hand tool

ergonomics - health hazards : Osh answers. Canadian Centre for Occupational
Health and Safety. Retrieved May 2022, from
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ssue%20compression%20from%20forceful%20grips,the%20handle%20of%20th
e%20tool.

● LaReau, J. L. (2018, September 12). Cleveland man's 14-hour ordeal trapped

inside a Cadillac. Detroit Free Press.
https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2018/09/11/cleveland-ca
dillac-xlr-roadster/1260451002/

● Wang, C. Y., & Cai, D. C. (2017). Hand tool handle design based on hand
measurements. MATEC Web of Conferences, 119, 01044.
https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201711901044

● Del Prado-Lu, J. L. (2007). Anthropometric measurement of Filipino

manufacturing workers. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(6),
497–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2007.02.004

● Tungsten Carbide Brazed Tool Tips/carbide Tipped Center - Buy Carbide Tipped

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● Senken Traffic Safety Emergency Flashing Warning Light Magnetic Lamp

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● G.T.outdoor Multifunctional Swiss 91mm folding knife stainless steel

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Retrieved May 29, 2022, from

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Inflator - Buy Digital Tire Inflator Gauge,Digital Tire Inflator,Portable Digital Tire

Inflator Product on Alibaba.com. (n.d.). Www.alibaba.com. Retrieved May 29,

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● 2pcs 12V 115dB Hella Super Loud Compact Electric Blast Tone Air Horn Kit.

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● Oem Custom Plastic Molding Service Abs Custom Plastic Part Injection Molding

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