BIOLOGY 01

Course Outcome 6
REDOX REACTIONS

IMPORTANT TERMS:

Metabolism – has two complementary components

Catabolism – releases energy by splitting complex molecules into smaller components
Anabolism – synthesis of complex molecules from simpler building blocks
Cellular Respiration – catabolic process that converts energy from nutrients to energy stored in ATP
Aerobic Respiration – requires oxygen
1. Glycolysis
2. Formation of acetyl coenzyme
3. Citric acid cycle
4. Electron transport and chemiosmosis
Anaerobic Respiration – does not require oxygen
Fermentation
Ethanol
Glucose + Yeast
Lactic Acid
Lactose + Good Bacteria

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

I. GLYCOLYSIS Pyruvate
“ Good Gracious Father Franklin Did Glyca bought 4pin” Pyruvate Kinase 2atp>2adp
Glucose phosphoenolpyruvate
atp>adp Hexokinase Enolase (H2O release)
Glucose 6 phosphate 2 phosphoglycerate
Phosphoglucoisomerase Phosphoglyceromutase
Fructose 6 phosphate 3 phosphoglycerate
atp>adp Phosphofructokinase Phosphoglycerokinase 2atp>2adp
Dihydroxyacetone G3P dehydrogenase
1, 3
Fructose 1, 6 phosphate
biphosphoglycerate
biphosphate Glyceraldehyde 3
phosphate (G3P) 2NAD > 2NADPH
Aldolase Isomerase

Pyruvate Acetyl CoA Citrate

Pyruvate oxidation Oxaloacetate CITRIC ACID Isocitate
CYCLE
Malate “Can I keep Α-Ketoglutarate
selling sex for
Fumerate money officer” Succinyl CoA
Succinate
II. III. ETC
 CONVERSION
1 ATP = 1 ATP 1 ATP
1 NADH = 3 ATP 2.5 ATP
1 FADH2 = 2 ATP 1.5 ATP
NET
NAD+ Glycolysis:
FAD AcetylOCOA:
2 and H2O
TCA Cycle:
NAD+ & FAD
2 ATP 2 NADH 3 NADH x 2 =6 NADH
I 2 NADHII III 1 ATP x 2 = 2IVATP
1 FADH2 x 2 = 2 FADH2 ATP Synthase
NADH Succinate COMPUTATION
Cytochrome Cytochrome
Reductase Net
Dehydrogenase Conversion
Reductase Computation
Oxidase
4 ATP 4 ATP 4 ATP
3 ATP
10 NADH 30 ATP
NADH
2 ATP
2 FADH2 4 ATP
FADH 2
TOTAL : 38 ATP