Plant and Animal Hormones

In plants and animals, hormones can be described as “chemical messengers” in that they are
chemical compounds which regulate the functioning of the organisms by evoking responses
from particular tissues or organs. They are organic substances secreted in both plants and
animals, and aid in homeostasis.

In Plants
Plant hormones are a collection of independent chemical substances that affect the origin and
development of morphological characteristics in plants. They affect growth, flowering, leaf fall,
and maturation amongst other things. P0mt hormones can work in the cell they are secreted
from, or a tissue somewhere else in the plant.
Some major plant hormones are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene.
Auxins: hormones responsible for cell elongation in response to light and gravity stimuli
Gibberellins: closely related hormones responsible for seed germination, shoot elongation, and
fruit and flower maturation.
Cytokinins: they promote cytokinesis (cell division), delay senescence in leaf tissues, and
stimulate differentiation of the meristem in shoots and roots.

In Animals
Hormones in animals are coordinated with the endocrine system. It has no ducts, so hormones
are secreted directly into the transport medium and travel long distances to the target organ or
tissue. Hormones communicate changes in target cells by binding to specific hormone
receptors. They are in charge of regulating the internal environment i.e homeostasis, and
complex processes e.g metamorphosis.

References

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/plant-hormones
https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/37-introduction