Ejercicio

20150203
Para el modelo de la figura, determine la repidez de la corredera en función de a)
la posición b) del tiempo.

h k
m
2 Calse 20150203.nb

En función de la posición
In[92]:= Clear@∆, x0, x, h, kD

∆= x2 + h2 - h
x
CosΘ =
x2 + h2

SFx = k ∆ CosΘ

Out[93]= -h + h2 + x2
x
Out[94]=

h2 + x2

k x -h + h2 + x2
Out[95]=

h2 + x2

In[96]:= SFx  Simplify

h
Out[96]= kx 1-
h2 + x2

In[97]:= Ec1 = m x ''@tD == SFx

k x -h + h2 + x2
Out[97]= x @tD Š
¢¢

h2 + x2

k x -h + h2 + x2
In[98]:= m v â v == âx
h2 + x2

k x -h + h2 + x2 âx
Out[98]= v âv Š
h2 + x2

k x -h + h2 + x2
In[99]:= IntegrateB , xF
m h2 + x2
1
Out[99]= k h2 + x2 - 2 h h2 + x2
2
 Calse 20150203.nb 3

k x -h + h2 + x2
In[100]:= IntegrateB , 8x, x0, x<F
m h2 + x2
1
Out[100]= ConditionalExpressionB k x2 - x02 - 2 h h2 + x2 - h2 + x02 ,
2

F ¹ ReB F ÈÈ 1 + ImB F + ReB F < 0 ÈÈ ImB F + ReB

F > 0 &&
x0 h h x0 h x0
ImB
x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0

F + ReB F ¹ 0 ÈÈ ImB F < ReB F ÈÈ 1 + ReB F < ImB F F

x0 h h x0 x0 h
ImB
x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0 x - x0

In[101]:= Integrate@m v, 8v, 0, v<D

v2
Out[101]=
2

k x2 - x02 - 2 h h2 + x2 - h2 + x02
m v2
In[102]:= Ec2 = Š
2 2
v2 1
Out[102]= Š k x2 - x02 - 2 h h2 + x2 - h2 + x02
2 2

In[103]:= Solve@Ec2, vD

Out[103]= ::v ® - k x2 - 2 h k h2 + x2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02 >,

:v ® k x2 - 2 h k h2 + x2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02 >>

4 Calse 20150203.nb

In[104]:= ∆0 = x02 + h2 - h
T1 = 0
k ∆02
Vk1 =
2
U12 = 0
m v2
T2 =
2
k ∆2
Vk2 =
2

Out[104]= -h + h2 + x02

Out[105]= 0

1 2
Out[106]= k -h + h2 + x02
2
Out[107]= 0

v2
Out[108]=
2
1 2
Out[109]= k -h + h2 + x2
2

In[110]:= Ec3 = T1 + Vk1 + U12 Š T2 + Vk2

1 2 v2 1 2
Out[110]= k -h + h2 + x02 Š + k -h + h2 + x2
2 2 2
 Calse 20150203.nb 5

In[111]:= Sol1 = Solve@Ec3, vD

Solve@Ec3, xD

Out[111]= ::v ® - - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02 >,

:v ® - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02 >>

2 - h2 k3 - 2 h2 k + v2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02
::x ® - >,
2
v2 2 2 2
Out[112]= 2h - + x0 - 2 h h + x0 -
k k2

2 - h2 k3 - 2 h2 k + v2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02
:x ® >,
v2
2 h2 - + x02 - 2 h h2 + x02 -
k k2

2 - h2 k3 - 2 h2 k + v2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02
:x ® - >,
2
v2 2 2 2
2h - + x0 - 2 h h + x0 +
k k2

2 - h2 k3 - 2 h2 k + v2 - k x02 + 2 h k h2 + x02
:x ® >>
v2
2 h2 - + x02 - 2 h h2 + x02 +
k k2

In[113]:= v1 = v . Sol1@@1DD
v2 = v . Sol1@@2DD

Out[113]= - - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02

Out[114]= - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02

6 Calse 20150203.nb

. - k x2 + 2 h k
1
In[115]:= v1 = h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02
m

. - k x2 + 2 h k
1
v2 = - h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02
m

Out[115]= - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02

Out[116]= - - k x2 + 2 h k h2 + x2 + k x02 - 2 h k h2 + x02

Colocando datos, para poder graficar:

In[117]:= m = 1;
k = 1;
x0 = 2;
h = 1;

In[121]:= v1
v2

Out[121]= 4-2 5 - x2 + 2 1 + x2

Out[122]= - 4-2 5 - x2 + 2 1 + x2

In[123]:= PlotB8v1, v2<, 8x, - 1.1 x0, 1.1 x0<,

PlotStyle ® 88Red, Dashed<, 8Blue, DotDashed<<, AxesLabel ® :"x@mD", "v@ D">F

m
s
m
v@ D
s

1.0

0.5

Out[123]=

x@mD
-2 -1 1 2

-0.5

-1.0
 Calse 20150203.nb 7

Ahora, en el dominio del tiempo

In[124]:= Ec4 = Hm x '' + k ∆ CosΘL . 8x '' ® x ''@tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0
DSolve@Ec4, x@tD, tD
ReplaceAll::reps :
88x¢¢ ® x¢¢ @tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0< is neither a list of replacement rules nor a valid dispatch table, and so cannot be used for replacing. ‡

x -1 + 1 + x2
Out[124]= + x¢¢ . 8x¢¢ ® x¢¢@tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0
1 + x2

DSolve::deqn :

x -1 + 1 + x2
Equation or list of equations expected instead of + x¢¢ . 8x¢¢ ® x¢¢ @tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0 in the first argument
2
1+x

x -1 + 1 + x2
+ x¢¢ . 8x¢¢ ® x¢¢ @tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0. ‡
1 + x2

x -1 + 1 + x2
Out[125]= DSolveB + x¢¢ . 8x¢¢ ® x¢¢@tD, x ® x@tD< Š 0, x@tD, tF
1+ x2

x@tD - 0.5 + 0.25 + x@tD2

In[126]:= DSolveB+ + x¢¢ @tD Š 0, x@tD, tF
0.25 + x@tD2
Solve::inex :
Solve was unable to solve the system with inexact coefficients or the system obtained by direct rationalization of inexact
numbers present in the system. Since many of the methods used by Solve require
exact input, providing Solve with an exact version of the system may help. ‡

Out[126]= SolveB
2

à 1“ . C@1D + 2 - 0.125 - 0.5 K@1D2 + 0.25 Š Ht + C@2DL2 ,

x@tD
1. + 4. K@1D2 â K@1D
1

x@tDF
8 Calse 20150203.nb

no se puede obtener una solución analítica, se recurre a un modelo numérico.

In[127]:= s = NDSolveB

x@tD - 0.5 + 0.25 + x@tD2

:+ + x¢¢ @tD Š 0, x '@0D Š 0, x@0D Š x0>, x, 8t, - 20, 20<F
0.25 + x@tD2
Out[127]= 88x ® InterpolatingFunction@88- 20., 20.<<, <>D<<

In[128]:= Plot@Evaluate@x@tD . sD, 8t, 0, 20<, PlotRange ® All, AxesLabel ® 8"t@sD", "x@mD"<D
x@mD
2

Out[128]=
t@sD
5 10 15 20

-1

-2