Torion, Ann Marie Ysabelle C.

BSME – 4B
Control Engineering

I. Difference between Open Loop System from Closed Loop System

The open-loop system, also known as a non-feedback system, is a type of continuous control
system in which the output has no influence or effect on the control action of the input signal.
In other words, in an open-loop control system, the output is neither measured nor “fed back”
for comparison with the input. Therefore, an open-loop system is expected to faithfully
follow its input command or set point regardless of the final result. Also, Open-loop System
with very few automatic control or feedback features built in to regulate the process variable
to maintain the desired output level or value.

It does not know the output condition so cannot self-correct any errors it could make when
the preset value drifts, even if this results in large deviations from the preset value. Another
disadvantage is that they are poorly equipped to handle disturbances or changes in the
conditions which may reduce their ability to complete the desired task.

On the other hand, Closed-loop Control System, also known as a feedback control system is a
control system that uses the concept of an open-loop system as its forward path but has one or
more feedback loops. It is a type of control system that uses feedback signals to control and
adjust itself. Feedback signals is the quantity of the output being measured.

Unlike an Open-loop system, Closed-loop systems are designed to automatically achieve and
maintain the desired output condition by comparing it with the actual condition. It does this
by generating an error signal which is the difference between the output and the reference
input. In other words, a “closed-loop system” is a fully automatic control system in which its
control action being dependent on the output in some way.

Examples of Open-loop system

1) Volume on the stereo system
2) Clothes drier
3) Door lock systems
4) Coffee or tea making machine
5) Inkjet printers

Examples of Closed-loop system

1) Thermostat Heater.
2) Sun-seeker solar system
3) Auto Engine
4) Inverter AC
5) Automatic toastert