ANALYSIS OF THREE LEG INTERSECTION N. ESCARIO AVENUE AND. OSMENA BOULEVARD: AS A BASIS OF RECOMMENDATION FOR SIGNAL TIMER A Thesis Presented to the Department of Civil Engineering Cebu Institute of Technology University Cebu City, Philippines In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering By Lord Alge B. Divinagracia Gervie C. Enriquez Lavbge E. Hinoguin Jhonalyn G. Loquias Keishamaine G. Maturan Devin John L. Piamonte March 2020 Tan.awa ila spacing okay ra no? Inyo date ug last name sa author layo layo ra.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude for the accomplishment of their study, “Analy: of Three Leg Intorsection N. Escario Avenue and Osmena Boulevard: As a Basis of Recommendation for Signal Timer’, which would not be possible without the guidance and help of various people whose name they may not be able to mention. To Engr. Ma. Victoria Yazar, for her unending support during Methods of Research, and for giving guidance as to what topics should they venture that will be very helpful to the community. To Engr. Jhed Chan Jambongana for serving as a panelist back in the Methods of Research. The researchers would like to thank him for giving information and cirections that were very important into realizing their study. To Engr. June Carlo Encabo who had been always supportive since serving as a panelist in the Methods of Research. He had always motivated them into doing their best and for not giving up during hard times. He had always made himself available during consultations and was always keen into details and information and for that they were very grateful To the panelists for their final defense, Engr. Bryan Merino and Engr. Ma Carmen Polancos, for paying their attention during the defense proper, for making sure that their study would be applicable, properly done and which will properly and efficiently serve its purpose. This would not be possible without their expertise with their field regarding this study. To their family and friends who had always been supportive financially and emotionally and for being the best support system they ever had. And lastly, to the Almighty God who has always been giving them guidance and wisdom so they may always give their best. ‘The Researchers Mao ni ang spacing sa lines and paragraph sa AcknowledgmentABSTRACT that include health concerns to the community. The purpose of this study is to design a garbage trap which is made from a recyclable material that is to be attached on an outlet culvert. This is to minimize the garbage accumulation in Kinalumsan River at Brgy. Duljo, Fatima, Cebu City. ‘The recyclable material used are the 1.5L Coca-Cola plastic bottles. The study aimed to determine the net's tensile capacity, and the total project and maintenance cost. The study is only limited to designing the garbage trap for one specific culvert located in Kinalumsan River at Brgy. Duljo, Fatima. The rope produced was tested on the Universal Testing Machine (UTM) to determine its tensile strength. The braided rope resulted to have an average tensile capacity of 0.68 kN per rope. Overall, the average maximum load that a braided fope can carry is 0.68 KN and the average tensile strength of the net is approximately 7,419 kg. Hook bolts sized 3/8 inches have a computed tensile strength of 14,112.92 kg. The garbage trap used 8 pcs of 3/8” hook bolts resulting with a total tensile capacity of 112,903.4 kg. The project's total material cost is PHP 4,911.00. This includes the net and the garbage trap frame material expenses. The total labor and electricity cost of the project is PHP 3,328.00. The total project cost is PHP 8,239.00. The net was able to trap an average of 1.74 kg of garbage in a span of 5 days. The project's total material cost was quite high due to the usage of cable ties in weaving but alternatives may be used to lower its material cost. Overall, the project has successfully segregated solid wastes coming from the chosen culvert. The designed garbage trap has therefore minimized the garbage and solid wastes accumulation in Kinalumsan River at Barangay Duljo, Fatima, Cebu City. Ang spacing sa lines and paragraph sa ABSTRACT4.1 Rationale 41.2 Conceptual Framework 4.3. Problem Statement 14 Significance of the Study 1.5 Scope and Limitatons 1.6 Definition of Terms CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Ang Spacing sa entry sa APPENDIX asa itungod 10 10 " " 12 15 15 18 7 9 a a 2B 35 39 aThe required format of Observe the spacing Chapter heading to between lines and sub-topic paragraphs CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 44 Rationale Philippines is @ beauiful county that unfortunayay has several important environmental issues which need to be dealt witpetine of these critical issues 's eam wasles in the country which causes ther types of environmental disasters such as flooding, erosion, landslides and ‘ther dangers on landfils and dumpsites that include health concerns among the people ving nearby. Unfortunately, the Philippines has one of the highest amounts of sold waste generated in the work yet, stil has no sustainable and eflectve waste disposal facilly. Masses of plastic trash swing in waterways, garbage clogging drainage canals and huge stinking dump sites are among the most visible manifestations of the waste cisis inthe Philippines. Moreover, these events are Ekely to impact more people, where population ‘are increasing in urban, often low-ing areas. Barangay Duljo, Fatima in Cebu City as an example, has 2 population of seventeen thousand six hundred sixty four (17,664) a8 determined by the 2015 Census. This represented one.and ninety one hhunerecths percent (1.97%) of he total population of Cebu Gity. The age group with the highest population in Barangay Dulo is ten to fourteen (10to 14), with two thousand one hundred eleven (2,111) individuals. The age group with the second highest is five 0 nine (5 to 9), with three thousand six hundred forty three (3.643) individuals, Conversely the age group with the lowest population is eighty (80) and ‘over with seventy sight (78) inviduale. ‘The population of Barangay Duljo, Fatima grew from sixieen thousand four hhuncrec thity nine (16,439) in 1990 to seventeen thousand six hundred sixty four (17,664) in 2015, an increase of one thousand two hundred twenty five (1.225) people. The latest Census figures in 2016 denote a growth rate of one and forty four hundredths percent (1.44%) or an increase of one thousand two hundredSpacing between lines & paragraphs and from one sub topic to another 1.3 Problem Statement The study was conducted to propose a drainage net design for an outlet cuivert in Barangay Duljo, Fatima, Cebu City. Specifically, the study aimed to answer the following questions: 1. What is the tensile capacity of the proposed garbage trap? 2. What is the project cost and maintenance cost for a proposed drainage trap? 1.4 Significance of the Study The study was conducted to help the community of Bray. Duljo Fatima, Cebu City minimize the accumulation of garbage in Kinalumsan River. The following will benefit from the successful implementation of this study: The Local Government. This study will raise awareness to the local goverment about the improper waste disposal and segregation, the failure of drainage systems due to clogging and heavy rains, and the possible solutions to the problems stated. ‘Community. This study will benefit the community since it will reduce the possible sources of infections, diseases, and the foul odour that comes from the garbage piles. Researchers. This study will broaden the knowledge of the researchers about the screening system through the sources and methods that will be gathered to study the possible outcome and solution of the waste accumulation in Kinalumsan River in Bray. Duljo Fatima, Cebu City. The study will also advocate environmental health awareness to help not only the community but also other communities in an urban area. Future Researchers. This study will serve as a reference to the future researchers who will conduct a study similar with this study. They may add improvements to its design and effectiveness.4.6 Scope and Limitations The study only focused in proposing a garbage trap design for one specific outlet culvert. This is to segregate solid wastes from the water, thus minimizing of terms (lowing terms are used in the study and its respective definitions are: ‘hine is a device that interiaces three or more strands of yarn or wire riety of materials, including rope, reinforced hose, covered power types of lace. lyethylene terephthalate is the most common thermoplastic polymer terials are a raw or processed material that can be recovered from , reused, and repurposed into another item. are any discarded or abandoned materials which can be solid, liquid, gth is the resistance of a material to breaking under tension. a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yams or The Definition of terms are not indented. She used full sentences that is why no dash. If there is a dash remove the verb especially is, are... whateverSpacing in Chapter Heading to Title and between lines and paragraphs CHAPTER2 ‘THEORETICAL BACKGROUND the unenaing-aceimulaton of garbage. The world’s population is continuing to increase rapidly, and this population growth is proportcnal tothe increase of the amount of genereted wastes. The high demand for food products and other essentials contributed to the accurulaion of garbage. Piasiic is one of the most rapidly produced product as it is easier to ‘manufacture and is used in almost everything Its verily comes from i ability to shape, laminate or moti physically and chemically making plastic suitable forall applicaton. The producton of numerous plastics a'so means the production of generated waste. This is because plastic is considered as a cisposable material thus its often used once. A common example of plastic produest are the plastic water bottles. After purchasing and consuming, the bottles are mostly thrown rather than being recycled The threat of waste to environment, hea and safety is huge. Improper waste disposal comes with some harmiul effects some of which may be felt easier while otners take time (Romano, 2018). Due to improper waste disposal, sold wastes are now found in the streets, overflowing in garbage bins and even on drainage ways. Huge amount of solid wastes may clog drainage systems that may cause floods and other dangers. Piles of garbageis also an deal breeding ground for insects and bacteria. Handling them directly may lead to infections, chronic diseases and accidents, Plasiic and other solid wastes are also found swirling on bodies of waters, can be transported trom riversto seas, from one place to anotner by riding along the currents. It poisons the waters, threatening aquatic lives as they consume these wastes in their stomachs, and it also destroys aquatic habitats, Aside from leading into environmental and health issues. inefficient waste control is also aesthetically and economically 2 problem A clean, fresh, and healthy place attracts tourists let alone investments.CHAPTER 2 ‘THEORETICAL BACKGROUND non-signalzed iversectons, which need such sign conta devees, act much convert from hele sigralzed courerpas, At such cossng pols, the movement condtion ie genealy dlaatod by the sezocition: batwoon the Tate count isthe mos! base of al paramere tudes, a volume [or fate flow) is fhe unite quantiy trafic demand or the amour of wate. Thus, volume ‘35 parameter mast oon used te quanify demand is also used fn planning, in he stress of on retear {We ar ooking ews fo fvouateresporse regarding his mais, We canbe ontacioe at noble number 90765702072 ar Covely ache Renan) Tank ou Ifits not the original signed Transmittal Letters, this is what we want to see from its reproduction ‘oy Enger EP abu Cty Engines erw ‘atu Cay Same with the other Transmittal Letters We are Sih year students to ‘equrements, we a endl Recycled itera on Daag Jon wn, ay we request Fam yOu Yoo to sow us gabe cas newsed {or our sudy and wallow usio conduc cu stu te std baranay. Some ote as ‘oeood no (1) Recodo the voume of gartage calectee @ day, (2) Cuber Correctensneoas, 8) Topagapy, 0) Pedy reas, Heping hese a oe ‘vale your end ec, ‘Yourcoopratonethreqss wile Mahl appro. he wb ret hop inino oo 0, to woking fowat for a tvorable vaspane rogacing tht mato Wo ean be coe at nab per 09755702672 (Nace), Thank ou som.This is the adopted CURRICULUM VITAE. FOLLOW please for uniformity. Remove the line you provided ymail.com Nobile No. 09756702672 Personal Background Home Address Present Address Date of Birt Civil Status Retigion Educational Attainment Tertiary ‘Secondary Elementary ‘APPENDIX J CURRICULUM VITAE Sa. Cruz Viejo, Tanjay City, Negros Oriental 259 Tres de Abril, Latangon, Cebu City May 23, 1997 Snge Roman Gatnolic Cebu institute of Technology — University N.Bacalso Avenue, Cebu City 2017 - Present Bais City National Science High Schoo! Bais City, Negros Orienta 2010-2014 Sia. Cruz Elementary School ‘Sta. Cruz Viejo, Tanjay City, Negros Oriental 2004 - 2008