hoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences

13. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over _______ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool,
or silk.
A. that B. the one C. what D. which
14. The government would be forced to use its emergency powers ______ further rioting to occur.
A. should B. did C. were D. had
15. _______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now B. Now that C. Ever since D. By now
16. Go on. Tell me the gossips. I’m all _______.
A. full B. head C. eyes D. ears
17. If only motorists _______ drive more carefully.
A. might B. shall C. would D. should
18. He lost control of his temper and ______ his anger.
A. lost sight of B. took note of C. made room for D. gave way to
19. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the _______ that the matter was confidential.
A. reason B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
20. _______ at his lessons, he couldn’t catch up with his classmates.
A. Hardly as he worked B. Hard as he worked
C. Hard as he does D. Hard as he was
21. _______ is more interested in rhythm than in melody is apparent from his compositions.
A. That Philip Glass B. Philip Glass, who C. Philip Glass D. Because Philip Glass
22. ______ invisible to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways.
A. Although is B. Despite C. Even though it D. Although
23. In fact, the criminals _____ in because the front door was wide open and they just walked in.
A. needn’t have broken B. shouldn’t have break
C. didn’t need to break D. couldn’t have broken
24. Nam: In my opinion, computer is one of the most wonderful inventions.
Lan: _______.
A. There is no doubt about it. B. Yes. Congratulations!
C. You shouldn’t have said that. D. Pardon?
25. Nga: Would you mind if I closed the door? It’s too cold outside.
Lan: _______.
A. I’d rather you didn’t. It’s stuffy. B. No, I don’t like.
C. No, never mind. D. Why not do it?
Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences
13. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over _______ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool,
or silk.
A. that B. the one C. what D. which
14. The government would be forced to use its emergency powers ______ further rioting to occur.
A. should B. did C. were D. had
Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2

15. _______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now B. Now that C. Ever since D. By now
now that = because

16. Go on. Tell me the gossips. I’m all _______.

A. full B. head C. eyes D. ears
be all ears: chăm chú lắng nghe

17. If only motorists _______ drive more carefully.

A. might B. shall C. would D. should

18. He lost control of his temper and ______ his anger.

A. lost sight of B. took note of C. made room for D. gave way to
give away to: để cái gì đó chi phối

19. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the _______ that the matter was confidential.
A. reason B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
on the grounds that: for the reason that

20. _______ at his lessons, he couldn’t catch up with his classmates.

A. Hardly as he worked B. Hard as he worked
C. Hard as he does D. Hard as he was

21. _______ is more interested in rhythm than in melody is apparent from his compositions.
A. That Philip Glass B. Philip Glass, who C. Philip Glass D. Because Philip Glass
Mệnh đề danh ngữ

22. ______ invisible to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways.
A. Although is B. Despite C. Even though it D. Although
Rút gọn mệnh đề với Although

23. In fact, the criminals _____ in because the front door was wide open and they just walked in.
A. needn’t have broken B. shouldn’t have break
C. didn’t need to break D. couldn’t have broken
24. Nam: In my opinion, computer is one of the most wonderful inventions.
Lan: _______.
A. There is no doubt about it. B. Yes. Congratulations!
C. You shouldn’t have said that. D. Pardon?
Kiến thức về dạng Chức năng giao tiếp

25. Nga: Would you mind if I closed the door? It’s too cold outside.
Lan: _______.
A. I’d rather you didn’t. It’s stuffy. B. No, I don’t like.
C. No, never mind. D. Why not do it?

Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ

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 Học ngữ pháp
 Ngữ pháp cấp độ 5
  Lý thuyết
  Bài tập
Khi 2 mệnh đề trong câu được nối với nhau bằng 1 liên từ phụ thuộc (ví dụ như after, because, as,
while ...), thì mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng liên từ được gọi là mệnh đề trạng ngữ, và nó có thể được rút gọn để
câu trở nên ngắn hơn hoặc để tránh dư thừa và lặp ý trong câu.
1. Quy tắc chung để rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ
 2 mệnh đề phải có cùng chủ ngữ
 Trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ (mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng liên từ):
        ⇒ lược bỏ chủ ngữ, 

        ⇒ đồng thời chuyển đổi động từ thành dạng V-ing.

Ví dụ:
 After she finished her homework, she watched her favorite movie.
         ⇒ After finishing her homework, she watched her favorite movie.
 Before he goes home, he will turn off all the lights.
         ⇒ Before going home, he will turn off all the lights.
Ngoài nguyên tắc chung ở trên, chúng ta cần lưu ý một số trường hợp
đặc biệt:
2. Động từ trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ là động từ "to be" hoặc
động từ nối (linking verb)
Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ là động từ "to be" hoặc động từ nối (linking verb), thì ta bỏ
luôn cả động từ, chỉ giữ lại danh từ hoặc tính từ.
Thường dùng với các liên từ mang ý nghĩa tương phản, trái ngược như although, though, while.
Ví dụ:
 Although he felt stressed, he decided to keep the job.
         ⇒ Although stressed, he decided to keep the job.

 Though she is an excellent student, she failed the test.

         ⇒ Though an excellent student, she failed the test.

Though an excellent student, she failed the test.

3. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thể hiện nguyên nhân - kết quả
Khi rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ diễn đạt ý nguyên nhân - kết quả, ta bỏ luôn cả liên từ đó.

Thường dùng với các liên từ chỉ nguyên nhân như because, as, since.
Ví dụ:
 Because he got up late, he was late for work.
         ⇒ Getting up late, he was late for work.
 As I didn't want to wake him up, I turned off the radio.
         ⇒ Not wanting to wake him up, I turned off the radio.
4. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ diễn đạt hành động diễn ra cùng lúc
Khi rút gọn mệnh đề có liên từ diễn đạt hành động diễn ra cùng lúc, ta có thể giữ lại hoặc bỏ luôn
cả liên từ đó.

Thường dùng với các liên từ while, when.

Ví dụ:
 John hurt his knee while he was playing football.
         ⇒ John hurt his knee while playing football
         ⇒ hoặc: John hurt his knee playing football.
 Be careful when you cross the road.
         ⇒ Be careful when crossing the road.
5. Hành động trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ xảy ra trước hành
động trong mệnh đề chính
Khi hành động trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ xảy ra trước hành động trong mệnh đề chính, chúng ta
có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ thành "having + V3/V-ed".

Ví dụ:
 After she finished her homework, she watched her favorite movie.
         ⇒ After finishing her homework, she watched her favorite movie.
         ⇒ hoặc: Having finished her homework, she watched her favorite movie.