Fundamentals of Foundation Modeling 1

Topic 1:
“Consolidation Analysis and
its Effect to Overall
Foundation Settlement”

Topic 2:
“P-y Analysis: Extracting
Nonlinear curves”

Topic 3:
“Construction Stage Analysis
of Shored Excavation”

SOILWORKS
Geotechnical Solutions For Practical Design
SoilWorks: Geotechnical Solutions for Practical Design 2

SOILWORKS
Geotechnical Solutions For Practical Design

• Modeling
• Loading
• Analysis
• Report

7 1 programs
in

Notes -
Overview: Geotechnical Criteria in Foundation Design 3
Foundation systems are
designed to transmit load from
the structure they support to
the sub-soil.
Therefore, global
stability of a sound structural
design must integrate the
effects of the ground behavior
and vice versa. In general, the
external stability checking are
regarded as:

Notes -
Overview: Foundation Systems 4
FOUNDATION
SYSTEM

Shallow Deep
(Df ≤ B) (Df > B)

Footing Raft / Mat Pile

Combined
Spread Footing Strap Footing Conventional Pier
Footing

Isolated Rectangular Buoyancy Caissons

Strip / Continous Trapezoidal

Notes -
Construction Stages 5

Notes
Topic 3: Construction Stage Analysis of Shored Excavation 6
Overview
Learning Objective:
A. Introduction
• Analysis models • To have a general idea in Finite Element Analysis of ground-
B. Finite Element Analysis structure interaction of shored excavation.
• Wall-Interface-Ground • To perform a geotechnical modeling and simulate Construction
Modeling Stages using SoilWorks: Ground module.
C. SoilWorks: Ground
• Introduction
• Displacement Limits &
Modeling Composition
• Ground & Structural
Parameters
• Interface elements
• Loads & Support
• Define Construction
Stages
• Analysis
• Results

SOILWORKS
Geotechnical Solutions For Practical Design
Settlement 7

DVvp

Notes -
Settlement 8

Load Load

(Skin Friction)
fs

Qt (Bearing Capacity)

Notes -
Analysis Types 9

Classical Analysis
• Lateral soil pressures

• Analysis is carried out

through Equilibrium method.

Figure 1: Classical Analysis

Notes
Analysis Types 10

Analysis by Soil Pressure

• Lateral soil pressures as load
and springs as support

• Nonlinearity is carried out

through application of nonlinear
soil springs only.

• First Order Analysis is

implemented.

Figure 2: analysis by Soil Pressure

Notes
 Analysis Types 11
Interface element

Analysis by Ground-
structure Interaction
• Calculates displacements and
stresses reflecting the elasto-
plastic behavior of ground.

• Nonlinearity is carried out

through soil model types such as
Mohr Coulomb, Elastic Ground,
etc.

• Static Nonlinear Analysis. Figure 3: Finite Element Analysis

Notes
Topic 3: Construction Stage Analysis of Shored Excavation 12
Overview
A. Introduction
• Analysis models
B. Finite Element Analysis
• Wall-Interface-Ground
Modeling
C. SoilWorks: Ground
• Introduction
• Displacement Limits &
Modeling Composition
• Ground & Structural
Parameters
• Interface elements
• Loads & Support
• Define Construction
Stages
• Analysis
• Results

SOILWORKS
Geotechnical Solutions For Practical Design
Finite Element Analysis 13
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is the node
simulation of any given physical
phenomenon using the numerical 1D element:
technique called Finite Element beam, truss, etc.
Method (FEM).
Finite elements are created 2D element: plate,
by connecting nodes, which define the plane strain, etc.
locations, shapes and sizes. The
element types, material properties and
stiffness data are also defined.

Notes
Wall-Interface-Ground Modeling 14
Interface element
Types of Contact Elements Modeling Types
• node-to-node SoilWorks • Weak element

• node-to-surface • Link Element

• surface-to-surface • Zero thickness

• ‘Interface Element’ is used to represent the behavior of the contact surface between identical or different materials.
Notes
• SoilWorks uses the interface element proposed by Goodman et al. to allow slippage between dissimilar materials or
between elements having a significant difference in stiffness.
Topic 3: Construction Stage Analysis of Shored Excavation 15
Overview
A. Introduction
• Analysis models
B. Finite Element Analysis
• Wall-Interface-Ground
Modeling
C. SoilWorks: Ground
• Introduction
• Displacement Limits &
Modeling Composition
• Ground & Structural
Parameters
• Interface elements
• Loads & Support
• Define Construction
Stages
• Analysis
• Results

SOILWORKS
Geotechnical Solutions For Practical Design
Composition of Modeling 16

Figure 4: Ground & Structural Material

Assignment Reflecting Construction Stages

Notes
Composition of Modeling 17
I. Ground Material Properties
Ground Type Model Type Modulus of Unit Weight Saturated Unit Poisson’s Ratio Cohesion Internal Friction
Elasticity (kN/m3) Weight (kN/m3) (kN/m2) Angle
(kN/m2)
Silty sand 8,000 17 18 15 15 20
Sand 36,500 18.5 19.5 0.33 17.5 31
Mohr
Gravel Coulomb 150,000 21 22 0.30 50 33

Embankment 1,850,000 24 25 0.28 180 35.5

II. Structural Material Properties

Structure Type Model Type Modulus of Poisson’s Unit Weight Horizontal Section Design Strength
Elasticity Ratio (kN/m3) Spacing (m) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
Pipe Beam 230,000,000 0.3 24 1 Rectangle: -
0.03m x 1m
H-Pile Beam 210,000,000 0.3 77 1.8 H: 298 x 201 x Yield:
9/14 mm 240,000
Anchor Truss 200,000,000 03 77 2.7 Area: Yield:
0.00039484m2 1,570,000

Notes
Composition of Modeling 18
III. Boundary Conditions
Interface • Method Create from Truss/Beam Elements
Element • Assigned to H-pile elements
• Rigid Link Automatic
• Virtual Thickness Factor 0.5
• Strength Reduction Factor 1.0

Support • Smart Support

IV. Loading Conditions

• Overburden Load Pressure Load: -13kPa GZ
• Prestress Load Truss element type; Axial Load: 220kN (Tension)
• Rigid Link Automatic
• Virtual Thickness Factor 0.5
• Strength Reduction Factor 1.0

Notes
Construction Stages 19

Construction Stage 1: Overburden pressure, Construction Stage 2: Overburden pressure,

H-pile is active, inactive anchor 1 and prestressing 1. H-pile is active, active anchor 1 and prestressing 1.
1st level excavation.

Construction Stage 4: Overburden pressure, H-pile is Construction Stage 3: Overburden pressure,

active, active anchors 1&2 and prestressing 1&2. 1st , 2nd H-pile is active, active anchors 1&2 and prestressing 1&2.
and 3rd level excavation. 1st and 2nd level excavation.

Notes
 “THANK YOU!”

MIDAS GEOTECH
SOILWORKS
MARK JOSEPH L. CARIÑO
phinquiry@midasit.com
+63 945 492 3460