Genealogy and early life

MODULE 2- THE LIFE OF JOSE RIZAL

Family and Early Education
Lineage of of Dr. Jose Rizal
Dr. Jose Rizal

Sa Aking mga
Kabata Controversy
FAMILY AND LINEAGE
OF DR. JOSE RIZAL
 “Born on the moonlit night of
Wednesday, June 19, 1861, in the
lakeshore town of Calamba, Laguna. His
mother almost died during the delivery
because of his big head. He was
baptized in the Catholic church of his
town on June 22, aged three days old by
the parish priest, Father Rufino
Collantes, who was a Batangueno”.
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His godfather (ninong) was Father Pedro
Casanas, native of Calamba and close
friend of the Rizal family. His name
was chosen by his mother who
was a devotee of the Christian saint San
Jose (St. Jose). During the Christening
ceremony Father Collantes was
impressed by the baby's big head and
told the members of the family who
were present
FAMILY
BACKGROUND
 PARENTS
youngest among the 13
children. He was also highly educated and
attended the Latin school in Biñan and had
obtained education at the Colegio de San Jose
in Manila where he studied Latina and
Philosophy.
2nd child of
Lorenzo Alonzo (highly distinguished man
which occupied prominent government
positions such as town Mayor of Biñan,
Laguna and member of the Spanish Cortes)
and Brijida De Quintos (well educated
housewife). Acquired her formal education at
the Colegio de Santa Rosa Manila, possessed
high educational attainment. She had broad
knowledge in arts, literature and mathematics.
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Jose Rizal descended from a and
. His maternal origin
suggested a royal bloodline.
was a descendant of the last
Malayan King of Tondo, Lakan Dula.
Rizal’s father , Don Francisco was a
fourth-generation Chinese mestizo. Don
Francisco descended from a Chinaman
named whose parents,
Siang-co and Zin-nio were migrants
from Fujian, China.
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In 1849,
ordered all Filipino to use
Spanish family name to facilitate the
tax-census registry . Don Francisco
opted to adopt as their new
family name. It has to be noted that
“Rizal” which originally came from the
word meaning was
not included in the catalog of surnames.
 THE RIZAL CHILDREN
1. (1850-1913)-oldest of the Rizal children, nickname Neneng; she
married Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas.
2. (1851-1930)- older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal; after his
younger brother's execution je joined the Philippine Revolution and became a
combat general; after the Revolution, he retired to his farm in Los Banos, where
he lived as a gentleman farmer and died on April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged
79. He had two children by his mistress (Severina Deccena).
3. (1852-1939)- her pet name was Sisa and she married Antonio Lopez
(nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez) a school teacher of Morong.
4. (1855-1887)- Ypia was her pet name; she married Silvestre Ubaldo, a
telegraph operator from Manila.
5. (1857-1919)- she married Mariano Herbosa of Calamba who was a
nephew of Father Casanas.
 THE RIZAL CHILDREN
6. (1859-1945) - Biang was her nickname; she married Daniel Faustino
Cruz of Binan Laguna.
7. (1861-1896)- the greatest Filipino hero and peerles genius; his nickname
was Pepe;during his exile in Dapitan he lived with Josephine Bracken, Irish girl
from Hongkong; he had son by her, but thus baby-boy died a few hours after
birth; Rizal named him Francisco after his father and buried him in Dapitan.
8. (1862-1865)- her pet name was Concha; she died of sickness at
the age of 3; her death was Rizal's first sorrow in life.
9. (1865-1945)- her pet name was Panggoy; she dies an old maid at the
age of 80.
10. (1868-1951)- Trining was her pet name; she died also an old maid
on 1951 at the age 93.
11. (1870-1929)- youngest of the Rizal children; her pet name was
Choleng; she married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba
THE RIZAL HOME AND THE MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY
The house of the Rizal family,
was one of the distinguished
stone houses in Calamba
during the Spanish times. It
was two-storey building,
rectangular in shape, built of
adobe stones and hard-woods
and roofed with red tiles.
Behind the house were the
poultry yard full of turkeys
and chickens and a big tree
garden of tropical fruit trees-
atis, balimbing, chico, macopa,
papaya, santol, tampoy, etc.
 As a young lad he experienced events that
traumatized her gentle spirit. In 1871, Jose grieved
over his mother’s imprisonment due to fabricated
complaint. Doña Teodora’s brother, Jose Alberto had
discovered that his wife was having an affair with
another man. The attempt of Doña Teodora to help
save the marriage of her brother was berated by the
erring sister in law . Instead of showing gratitude, the
disgraceful wife accused Doña Teodora of plotting
against the former. Holding to their grudge, the
Spanish authorities favored the complaint without
giving the accused due process .

Another event that moved Rizal’s sentiment was the

unfair execution of GOMBURZA.
In the early part of the Spanish
colonization, the legal status of the
inhabitants of the Philippines was
associated to their cultural identity. The
existing legal classifications were
Spaniards, indios or native and Chinese. It
was only in the 18th century when “mestizo”
was created as the fourth legal status. The
word “mestizo” generally referred to the
descendants of a Chinese-indio marriage.
This classification followed a specific
pattern. If a mestizo (male) marries an
india (native female), their offspring will be
identified as mestizos. If a mestiza (female)
marries an indio (native male), their
offspring will be identified as indios.
 On the other hand, the tax obligation of mestizos was
higher than the indios but quite lower compared to the
Chinese. The yearly amounts paid by the taxpayers were: 81
reales for the Chinese, 24 reales for the mestizos, and 14
reales for the indios. It is in this context that mestizos
opted to change their status to indio.
According to Guerrero, Rizal is “the
very embodiment of the
intelligentsia and petite bourgeoisie
(Guerrero as cited by Joaquin, 2005).”
It seems that our hero’s greatness
stemmed from an inborn attribute.

Guerrero surmises that, even if born

a peasant and in penury, Rizal would
still have made his mark: “His
character, in a different
environment, with a different
experience of the world, might have
made him another Bonifacio
(Guerrero as cited by Joaquin, 2005).”
Early education
OF DR. JOSE RIZAL
 Education

01 Maestro Celestino, Maestro Lucas Padua and Leon Monroy

02 a. Reader used: El Amigo de los Niños (The Children Friend)

b. Prominent lesson learned as a young boy was from “The
Story of the moth.

03 a. Uncle Gregorio- inspired him to be a wide reader

b. Uncle Jose- developed his artistic ability
c. Uncle Manuel- trained him to excel in sports
d. His yaya- taught him stories about dwarves, ghost, aswangs and
other tales of Calamba.
 Started formal schooling in Biñan, Laguna in 1870 under
Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz. He was the brightest among the
pupils in the school. He prevailed over his fellow pupils in Latin
Spanish and other subjects.

After studying in Biñan, Jose went to Calamba. After a few

months of stay in Calamba. Jose went to Manila and studied at the
Ateneo Municipal Manila from 1872-1877. After five years he
obtained the degree of Bachelor of Arts with a grade of
sobresaliente or excellent in all his subjects.
Jose experienced his first romance with
a girl named .

He found his heart beating again with

love. He paid court to a young and
beautiful girl whom our boy hero simply
called .

After several months, Rizal met another

girl. This time, it was .
 He had a short acquaintance with a girl
named . On one summer time, while he
was in Los Baños Rizal had a walk along a
river and encountered a young girl whom he
helped catch butterflies. Describing the
incident, one author narrated, “Heart beating
with strange fondness, Rizal offered her
(Julia) the butterflies and she laughed with
innocent pleasure… He was instantly
attracted to her (Trillana 2000).”
 , Rizal studied Philosophy and Letters at
the Dominican-run University of Santo Tomas. While
studying at UST, Rizal also enrolled surveying at the
Ateneo Municipal de Manila. After studying Philosophy
and Letters at UST, he decided to pursue a medical
course in the same school.

In Jose won first prize in a literary contest

sponsored by Liceo Artistico-Literario of Manila with
his poem “To the Filipino Youth”. In the following year,
he again won first prize in a literary contest sponsored
by the same society with his entry “The Council of Gods”
despite the protests of some Spanish critics.
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Despite his achievements, Rizal’s stay at
the University of Santo Tomas was
unhappy. He did not like UST because
of three reasons:

1) The Dominican professors were

unpleasant to him.
2) Racial discrimination among the
Filipino students was apparent and
3) The instructional approach was old-
fashioned and autocratic
 Sa aking mga
kabata controversy
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Rizal is said to have written

his first poem entitled
at the age
of eight. However, Rizal’s
authorship of this Tagalog
poem is a subject of suspicion.
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Sa Aking Mga Kabata is traditionally

believed to be the first poem written by
Rizal. This literary work has played a
great part in molding the nationalistic
pride among our young citizens. We are
always reminded of the poem every
month of August of each year.
 One of the inspiring remarks uttered by Rizal
bears nationalistic significance. Stated in
Tagalog, the message is: “

The poem deserves praise and so its writer. But

who is the author? Was Rizal really the one who
penned the poem?
 If the poem was written when Rizal was
eight years old, therefore it was made in the
year 1869. This creates some doubts. For one,
during Rizal’s childhood, letter k was not yet in
use. Words with k sound were spelled with
letter c.
This proposition was made by our hero
thirteen years after the poem was written. How
come the words kabata and kalayaan were
already spelled with letter k not c?
 Furthermore, the use of the word kalayaan
creates suspicion.

If at the age of twenty-five Rizal did not have an

idea of the word kalayaan, how come at the age
of eight he was able to write the poem using the
word kalayaan not only once but twice?
Thank You!
Any questions?