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Computer Note 2
Computer Note 2
(SLITHM)
Computer Studies
HOUSKEEPING OPERATIONS
PROFESSIONAL LEVEL
Version 1.0
Communication Devices
Bluetooth devices
Infrared devices
Modem (over phone line)
Network card (using Ethernet)
Smartphone
Wi-Fi devices (using a Wi-Fi router)
(PCI Desktop Card/ USB WiFI Dongle)
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/c/communication-devices.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu5rm5vyIIA&t=136s
Short for (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), ARPANET or ARPAnet began
development in 1966 by the United States ARPA. ARPANET was a Wide Area Network linking
many Universities and research centers, was first to use packet switching, and was the
beginning of what we consider the Internet today. ARPANET was created to make it easier for
people to access computers, improve computer equipment, and to have a more effective
communication method for the military.
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to
communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications.
A computer network can be categorized by their size. A computer network is mainly of four
types:
References:
BUS Topology
• The bus topology is designed in such a way that all the stations are connected through a
single cable known as a backbone cable.
• Each node is either connected to the backbone cable by drop cable or directly connected
to the backbone cable.
• When a node wants to send a message over the network, it puts a message over the
network. All the stations available in the network will receive the message whether it has
been addressed or not.
• The configuration of a bus topology is quite simpler as compared to other topologies.
• The backbone cable is considered as a "single lane" through which the message is
broadcast to all the stations.
• Low-cost cable
• Moderate data speeds
• Limited failure
• Extensive cabling
• Difficult troubleshooting
• Signal interference
• Reconfiguration difficult
Ring topology
In this topology, all computers connect in a circle. Each computer directly connects to two other
computers in the network. Data moves down a one-way path from one computer to another.
When data signals pass from one computer to the next, each computer regenerates the signals.
Since the signals are regenerated on each passing computer, the quality of the signals remains
constant throughout the ring.
Advantages :
Disadvantages :
Star topology
Advantages
• It is easy to install.
• Relocating computers is easier than other topologies.
• Since each computer uses its separate cable, a fault in the cable does affect other
computers of the network.
• Troubleshooting is relatively easy.
• It provides a higher data transfer speed.
Disadvantages
Mesh topology
Mesh topologies are employed when network communication dependability is critical: military
organizations frequently use mesh topologies to avoid communication breakdowns. Wireless
mesh networks are increasingly being used by cities to monitor traffic flow, sewage treatment,
and street lighting control.
Advantages of Mesh Topology:
• Mesh topologies are dependable and stable, and the network’s high level of
interconnection makes it resistant to failure Advantages
• In the network, if any one of the devices fails then it does not cause any break to data
transmission.
• Including extra devices does not interrupt the transmission of data among other devices.
• This topology high traffic as several devices can broadcast data simultaneously.
Computer Network Architecture is defined as the physical and logical design of the software,
hardware, protocols, and media of the transmission of data. Simply we can say that how
computers are organized and how tasks are allocated to the computer.
• Client/Server network is a network model designed for the end users called clients,
to access the resources such as songs, video, etc. from a central computer known as
Server.
• The central controller is known as a server while all other computers in the network
are called clients.
• A server performs all the major operations such as security and network
management.
• A server is responsible for managing all the resources such as files, directories,
printer, etc.
• All the clients communicate with each other through a server. For example, if client1
wants to send some data to client 2, then it first sends the request to the server for
the permission. The server sends the response to the client 1 to initiate its
communication with the client 2.
Reference:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqJ8jz7lwns
Network Cables - Types
• Transmission media carry signals between computers
• Can be divided into two broad categories:
RJ 45 Connector
BNC Connector
• Fiber-optic cable: - uses glass or plastic conductor and transmits the
signals as light
Reference:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OryAzEL0_Kw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgOkvIHKgXQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zH-pTvkrK9w
Open-source software (OSS) is software that is distributed with its source code, making it
available for use, modification, and distribution with its original rights.
Flexibility.
The software can be customized to meet specific business needs. Engineers can write more
code to add an extra functionality and vice versa – delete unnecessary parts.
Stability.
You can use this product for long-term projects with confidence because it won’t disappear
from the market or become outdated if its authors stop working on it. The user community will
take care of an open source software.
Numerous people with different skill levels may work on the same software, which may lead to
code inconsistency. That’s when the culture of open source is beneficial. Other developers from
around the world can review, fix, and update this code. The faster code review, the more
secure and reliable the software is. Authors and users improve a solution because they need it
to perform well.
Easier evaluation.
What you (or your developers) see is what you get. Full transparency of a source code allows
your team to examine and evaluate a product learning about its capabilities and flaws.
Better support.
As an OSS user, you have more ways of getting technical advice and support: from a vendor, a
consultancy company specializing in this exact product, or from other users that are ready to
share their experience and knowledge across forums or mailing lists.
Advantages :
• Boosts Innovation
• High-end reliability
• Cultivates Better Learning
• Simple Bug Removal and Tracking
Disadvantages:
• Slightly Risky
• Lower customized support
• Not user-friendly
A property management system (PMS) is a software application for the operations of hospitality
accommodations and commercial residential rental properties. PMS is also used in
manufacturing industries, local government and manufacturing. A property management system
is sometimes referred to as a hotel operating system or hotel OS.
PMS provides a centralized computer system to organize, schedule and perform the day-to-day
functions and transactions involved in accommodations businesses. Computer record keeping
and PMS have increased the efficiency of hospitality industries significantly simply by making it
possible to update and consult centralized records from multiple computers and devices. PMS
solutions have been customized for the needs of the hospitality industry to further increase
ease of operations.
Functions managed by a PMS include automation of many common tasks, including:
• Bookings
• Check-in and check-out
• Telephone systems integration
• Point of sale (POS) integration
• Event planning
• Food and beverage costing
• Hotel inventory supply management
• Reporting of key performance indicators (KPI)
• Security and room locks
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Jz689rY7uo&t=3s
https://www.protel.net/cloud-pms/housekeeping/
An energy management system (EMS) is software that allows you to control and monitor your
electric utilities and electricity-consuming devices. For example, an energy management system
could control your hotel’s HVAC systems that are present in each guestroom. The EMS gives
you insight into energy usage so you can reduce your consumption and utility costs while
maximizing functionality and comfort.
References:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vboJPsKj4vs