ESSAY ON MALARIA

Malaria (= fever) is a well-known human disease. It is caused by infection with a pathogenic protozoan
blood parasite called Plasmodium. His four species of malaria parasites, namely P. vivax, P. falciparum.
P. malariae and P. ovale are known to infect humans and cause different types of malaria. Female
Anopheles mosquitoes transmit malaria parasites from person to person and act as carriers or vectors.

Malaria is her one of the most common human diseases. It is more common in tropical and subtropical
countries, especially in Africa and Asia, where millions of people are infected. Thousands of people die
each year with weakened immune systems, most of them her children under the age of four.

The WHO and India's National Malaria Eradication Program (NMEP) have effectively reduced malaria,
but socioeconomic factors have also contributed to the unexpected spread of DDT-resistant mosquitoes
and drug-resistant parasites. , trying to eradicate the infection. It fails and malaria rises again.

About 60 species of Plasmodium are known to cause malaria in reptiles, birds and mammals. Jahn says
there are four species in humans, four in monkeys, 15 in birds, 13 in reptiles, and one or more in buffalo,
antelope, squirrels, bats, and frogs. The malaria parasite is widely distributed from 45 degrees south
latitude to 63 degrees north latitude. Their native homes are in tropical regions, but they are also found in
many temperate countries. Species that infect migratory birds are distributed worldwide. Some avian
malaria parasites are restricted to cold climates only. Species that infect reptiles are locally distributed.