Circles 1. Circle: The collection of all points in a plane which are at a fixed distance from a fixed point in the plane is called a circle. The following examples of the circle are¢ Chord: Suppose, we take any two points onacircle, then the line segment PQ is called the chord of the circle. 8 ¢ Diameter: The chord which passes through the centre of the circle is called a diameter AB of the circle. e Arc: A piece of a circle between two points is called an arc. If Pand Q are any two points on them, the PQ is an arc of the circle and it is denoted by AB. ¢ Circumference: The length of the complete circle is called its circumference.¢ Semi-circle: A diameter of a circle divides it into two equal parts which an arc. Each of these two arcs is called a semi-circle. ¢ Congruent Circles (Arc): Two circles are said to be congruent if and only if either of them can be superposed on the other so as to cover exactly. ¢ Cyclic Quadrilateral: A quadrilateral ABCD is called cyclic if all the four vertices of it lie on a circle. A ¢ Common Chord: The intersection point of two circles is the common chord of the circle.Circles Exercise 10.1 Question 1: Fill in the blanks (i) The centre of a circle lies in___ of the circle. (exterior/ interior) (ii) A point, whose distance from the centre of a circle is greater than its radius lies in of the circle. (exterior/ interior) (iii) The longest chord of a circle is a__of the circle. (v) Anarcisa when its ends are the ends of a diameter. (v) Segment of a circle is the region between an arc and of the circle. (vi) A circle divides the plane, on which it lies, in parts. Answer: (i The centre of a circle lies in interior of the circle. (ii) A point, whose distance from the centre of a circle is greater than its radius lies in exterior of the circle. (iii) The longest chord of a circle is a diameter of the circle. (iv) An arc is a semi-circle when its ends are the ends of a diameter. (v) Segment of a circle is the region between an arc and chord of the circle (vi) A circle divides the plane, on which it lies, in three parts.Question 2: Write True or False: Give reasons for your answers. () Line segment joining the centre to any point on the circle is a radius of the circle. (i) A circle has only finite number of equal chords. (ii) Ifa circle is divided into three equal arcs, each is a major arc. (iv) Achord of a circle, which is twice as long as its radius, is a diameter of the circle. (¥) Sector is the region between the chord and its corresponding arc. (Wi) A circle is a plane figure. ‘Answer: () True. All the points on the circle are at equal distances from the centre of the circle, ‘and this equal distance is called as radius of the circle. (i) False. There are infinite points on a circle. Therefore, we can draw infinite number of chords of given length. Hence, a circle has infinite number of equal chords. (i) Felse. Consider three ares of same length as AB, BC, and CA. It can be observed that for minor arc BDC, CAB is a major arc. Therefore, AB, BC, and CA are minor arcs ofthe circle. (jv) True. Let AB be a chord which is twice as long as its radius. It can be observed that in this situation, our chord will be passing through the centre of the circle. Therefore, it will be the diameter of the circle. (¥) False. Sector is the region between an arc and two radii joining the centre to the end points of the arc. For example, in the given figure, OAB is the sector of the circle. Secoe (vi) True. A circle is a two-dimensi figure. it can also be referred to as a plane