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Local Media1506596922809820414
Local Media1506596922809820414
Local Media1506596922809820414
A Research
presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department
MUNTINLUPA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
NBP Reservation, Poblacion, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila
GAS1202
January 2023
ABSTRACT
(not more three hundred words, single-spaced)
According to cmu.edu (2018), 25% of the abstract should include the importance
of the research paper (Introduction), and the 25% describes what you did (Methods). The
35% must explain what you have found, which is the most important part of the abstract
(Result). The remaining 15% includes the implications of the research (Discussion).
Font size 12
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Title Page 1
Abstract 2
Acknowledgement 3
I. Introduction
Literature Review
Synthesis
Research Paradigm
Research Hypothesis(es)
Definition of Terms
II. Method
Design
Respondents
Instruments
Data Analysis
III. Result
3
IV. Discussion
References
Appendices
Students’ Profile
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I. INTRODUCTION
This is the description that leads the reader to understand the research questions
Begin with a hook. This may be “a striking fact relevant to your problem,” “a
striking quotation,” or “a relevant anecdote.” (Booth, Colomb, & Williams, 2008) The
hook may also be a recent news report highlighting the research topic/problem.
A. Global
B. National
C. Local
on how hard their encounters are, Next to gather relevant data on how the working
student cope with their struggles and difficulties. Also, this study aims to learn and
gain more knowledge about the hard work of working students. . Lastly, to fully
understand the experience of a working student and to help the students shortly to
Research question:
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1. What are the main possible reasons leading GAS students to work
2. What are the challenges that GAS students have faced when they
work and study at the same time, how they cope with it?
3. What are the effects of working and studying to the life of students
This study will cover the hardship and sacrifice of a working student. The
consists of working students of the General Academic strand. The research can
gather reliable data through questionnaire and can evaluate the study center
through the data collected. The researcher will conduct a survey at Muntinlupa
• Working students.
This study will motivate them to manage their responsibilities towards school and
work so that their academic performance is not biased in favor of their work or vice
versa.
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• Students.
This research gives regular students an idea of the importance of education. This
• Parents.
This survey will give parents an idea of the problems faced by working students.
This will motivate them to get more support and understanding for their children
• School leaders.
School administrators will benefit from the survey results by implementing the
proposed action plan that will help minimize school dropout rates among working
students.
• Teachers.
This research will give teachers an idea of the problems facing working students.
• Researchers.
This will deepen researchers’ knowledge of the life and struggles of working
Literature Review
Your objective here is to discuss what is already known about the research
topic/problem and to indicate the research gap your study intends to fill in.
Related Literature
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This is a written summary of books, website and other documents that describe
the past and current state of information about the research topic. It should include
Related Study
This reports studies found relevant to the current study. Cite at least 3 foreign and
Synthesis
According to Prieto, Naval & Carey (2017), synthesis refers to the bringing
together of materials from different sources, and the creation of an integrated whole.
Conceptual Framework
Your objective here is to provide a skeletal frame for your study that both you and
A. What are the key concepts/variables to be studied and how are they related? Draw
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(insert text) (insert text)
Figure 2. The Research Paradigm of the Study
This is a diagram that connects variables of the study with lines (correlations) or
OR
Output
Process
Respondents Implementation,
Utilization
Statistical
Treatment
B. What are the key concepts/variables to be studied and how are they related? Write
Research Hypothesis
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Hypotheses are statements in quantitative research in which the investigator
Definition of Terms
• Finances – affairs, assets, budget, capital, cash, condition, funds, net, resources,
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• Designated – denominated, specified.
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II. METHODS
Design
methods. Why is this the most appropriate approach? What specific type of the research
design will you use? Why did you choose this specific methodology?
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Example:
This study is quantitative in nature since the research question we seek to answer
association between senior high school students’ use of social media and their attention
span in class and assess whether the degree of association between these variables is
significant.
Cristobal & Cristobal (2016) defines correlation research as the research design
particular population.
The first step leading to the process of collecting quantitative data is to identify
the people and places you plan to study. This involves determining which group of
people you will study, who, specifically, these people are, and how many of them you
will need to involve. Describe the population, then the sample. What strategy did you
choose to identify the sample size? Why and how did you choose them? What particular
Example:
The target population of the study are the senior high school students during the
Malabon City. These students belong to three different strands of the SHS program,
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namely: Accountancy and Business Management (ABM); Humanities and Social
With a population size of 500, the researchers will consider a sample of 223
respondents determined using Slovin’s formula for computing sample size with a five
percent margin of error. These samples shall be randomly selected through stratified
random sampling with the SHS strands being used to define groups and SPSS to
The Instrument(s)
instruments will you use to gather data to answer your research questions? Describe the
instruments. Who developed the research instrument? How was it validated? What are
the major parts of your instruments (including the major variables and sub-variables to be
measured)? Why did you choose these instruments? What rating scale will you use?
Example:
This study shall make use of two research instruments to provide data on the
respondents’ level of social media use. To measure the respondents’ attention span in
class, the researchers intend to use a mobile application. These instruments are further
the respondents’ level of social media use in terms of three factors: form of social media
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use, frequency of use, and mode of use. It was developed and tested for validity and
reliability by Cruz (2012) for his research on the impact of social media usage on the
academic performance of Grade 10 students in the Philippines. Aside from being recent,
the researchers have decided to use the instruments because it has been constructed with
explaining the research, its rationale and purpose, and the general instructions on how to
fill out the form. The questionnaire is composed of four parts. Part one seeks to gather
data regarding the demographic profile of the respondents which includes their sex, age,
and SHS strand. Part two of the questionnaire lists down all available forms of social
media and instructs the respondent to check those which they use, as many as applies.
Part three seeks to determine how frequent the respondents use social media by asking
them to rate their level of frequency to 10 statements. Possible responses are limited to a
five-point Likert scale: (5) Always, (4) Often; (3) Sometimes; (2) Seldom; (1) Never.
Clearly and completely describe how the intervention will be implemented, such that the
reader can replicate the intervention. Describe what happens in comparison group.
1. How many groups are there? Describe the group(s). If there are two, state the
2. What will happen to each group in the experiment that you intend to do? Discuss
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3. Explain what each participant will do in each step. Also, describe how long each
Describe data collection procedure. What steps will be taken to collect data?
Where? When? How often? Who? Quickly describe whose permission will be sought and
particular to how the samples will be contacted and explain the process of administering
the questionnaires. How will the questionnaires be retrieved? What materials and
Example:
The process for gathering the needed data in the study is described in the following steps.
1. The researcher shall seek the permission of the authors of the instruments that will
2. The researchers will secure permission of the university to obtain a list of SHS
students from which the samples will be selected. Also, a permission to conduct
data collection will be sought from the concerned officials of the school.
3. The questionnaires shall be distributed to the selected samples during one of their
classes with a permission from the facilitating professor and the note of approval
of the university.
4. Questionnaires shall be retrieved the same day as they were given to ensure a
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Data Analysis
This section indicates how the data will be analyzed and reported; it should specify the
qualitative and/or quantitative methods that will be used in analyzing the data gathered
for the research. Result can be shown using tables and figures (pie chart, bar graph, line
Statement of Problem.
Following is a list of some of the statistical treatment that can be applied to answer
1. Descriptive Statistics
2. Inferential statistics
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Note: Visit the online calculator www.socscistatistics.com when calculating for
significance.
Example:
To answer the questions presented under the Statement of the Problem, the following
1. Percentages will be used to present and analyze data regarding the demographic
the questionnaire and their attention span score while standard deviation will be
used to determine the degree of variability in these values. This mean shall be
interpreted as follows:
the degree of relationship between social media use and attention span. The
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III. RESULTS
In reporting the results, the researcher stays close to the statistical findings
without drawing broader implications or meaning from them. Further, this section
includes summaries of the data rather than the raw data. A results section include tables
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Example 1
This chapter of the paper presents the data gathered from the 110 senior high school
students of Muntinlupa National High School who served as respondents of this research.
It also provides the analysis and interpretation of data that has been organized according to
questionnaire. This included data on sex, senior high school academic strand, and weekly
allowance. Although not central to this research, these data helped contextualize the
OPTION 1
The respondents were asked to identify their sex. Figure 1 shows the distribution
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47% Male
53% Female
Fifty-eight of the 110 senior high school students (53%) who participated in the
What does this tell you about your respondents? (Quite important if the sampling
used is purposive.)
What does this tell you about your respondents? (Quite important if the sampling
used is purposive.)
These respondents have been selected through purposive sampling with the
condition that they identify themselves to have taken an interest in KPOP music to a
certain degree. This implies that in the case of these respondents, there are more female
senior high school students who have openly expressed their interest in this genre of
OPTION 2
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The respondents who were randomly selected were asked to identify their sex and
the senior high school strand they belong to. Figure 1 shows the distribution of the
30 26
25 24
Frequency of Re-
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spondents
16 15
15 13
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10 Male
5 3 2 Female
0
ABM A&D HUMSS STEM
SHS Academic Strand
Figu
selected through stratified sampling. With a frequency of 50 that accounts for 45.45
percent of the total sample, majority of the respondents to the survey conducted in line
with this research belonged to the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
(STEM) strand.
the male respondents by a small margin. Continue if there are other details that you wish
Example 2:
through the survey relevant to the respondents’ perception of online shopping. Information
regarding this variable is based on their responses to 24 items in the questionnaire. In each
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of these statements, respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement along a five-
point Likert scale that includes Strongly Disagree (SD), Disagree (D), Neutral (N), Agree
The distribution of respondents based on their responses, the mean and standard
deviation of their collective responses, and the interpretation of this mean based on the
1. [Actual
statement 1
in the survey 13 35 11 33 18 3.07 0.68 Neutral
questionnaire
]
Table 1 shows the data on the responses of samples to the seven statements in the
questionnaire relative to their perception of how secure online shopping is. Based on the
information, the highest mean was recorded at 4.28 for the fifth statement. When
interpreted, this means that respondents strongly agree that imply statement here.
In general, the respondents registered a strong agreement toward four of the seven
statements. The weighted mean for these statements is computed at 3.85 with a standard
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deviation of 0.71 implying that the respondents collectively agree that online shopping is a
Example 3:
High 75 35.55%
Moderate 94 44.55%
Low 42 19.9%
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IV. DISCUSSION
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Is it possible to generalize? Make comparisons with other studies. Relate your
findings with relevant literature. Compare and contrast your findings with other existing
data. Do your findings agree with other literature? Are there alternative explanations?
What are the strong and weak aspects of your paper? What are the practical implications?
Is more research needed to make recommendations (to be applied in practice)? Did you
This is the portion that gives meaning to your research and its results. The
objective of this section is to examine the results, determine whether they solve the
research question, compare them with other results (from literature), explain and interpret
them, and then draw conclusions or derive generalizations, and make recommendations
We suggest that you discuss the result of your study in a paragraph form per
statement of the problem. Connect the result or research findings with the related
It contains the conclusions drawn from the analysis and interpretation of the data
discussed in the result and/or discussion. While the recommendations of the researchers
Example
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:
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1. Majority of senior high school students of Muntinlupa National High School
for the second term of the academic year 2017-2018 are females with the
terms of security, and convenience but do not perceive products sold online to
be of good quality.
Recommendations
1. Online retailers must improve the selection of the products they sell online by
raising quality standards that are in line with the expectations of consumers,
including SHS students. What else can they do based on the conclusions
drawn?
“Significance of the Study?” What can you suggest to them based on your
conclusions?
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improve consumer perception on the quality of online products may also be
their sales.
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References
https://www.researchregistry.pitt.edu/files/faqs.pdf
Appendices
Student Profile
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