Structural Exit Exam 23 June 2018

CO1. Determine the values of reactions at the supports, a. 0 b. 1

values of shearing, force and bending moments of c. M/2 d. None of the above
statically determinate beams;
CO3. Draw the shear and moment diagram
1. Compute the shear modulus of a steel if E=200,000Mpa and the
Poisson’s ratio is 0.50. 11. The normal force exerted by a smooth horizontal surface towards
a. 71428.57 MPa b. 67870.04 MPa a 100-lb block acting on it is
c. 76923.07 MPa d. 68670.06 MPa a. 100 lbs b. zero c. 50 lbs d. 200 lbs

2. What states the “the moment of the resultant of 2 concurrent 12. What is the maximum moment of the beam shown? Ignore the
forces about any axis ┴ to the plane of forces is equal to the weight of the beam.
algebraic sum of the moments of the 2 forces about the same axis”?
a. Hooke’s Lawb. Pythagorean theorem 2.6 kN/m
c. Varignon’s Theorem d. Betti’s Law

3. Among the following axioms of mechanics, which of the following

12 m. 3 m.
is INCORRECT?
a. The parallelogram law: The resultant of two forces is the
diagonal of the parallelogram formed on the vectors of a. 37.44 kN-m. b. 67.39 kN-m.
these forces. c. 84.2 kN-m. d. 137.76 kN-m.
b. Two forces are in equilibrium only when equal in
magnitude, opposite in direction, and collinear in action. For No. 13 – 15: Using the figure below determine the following
c. A set of forces in equilibrium may be added to any system
of forces thus changing the effect of the original system. 12 kN/m
d. Action and reaction forces are equal but oppositely
directed.

4. Snow loads, wind, pressure suction and earthquake loads and the
like are what type of loads? 8m
a. Dead Loads b. Live Loads 13.
c. Seismic Loads d. Environmental Loads Determine the reaction (RA) at point A.
a. -48 kN b. 48 kN c. -96 kN d. 96 kN
5. These are referred to permanent loads or unmovable loads.
a. Dead Loads b. Live Loads
c. Seismic Loads d. Environmental Loads 14. Determine the maximum moment of the beam.
a. -40 kN-m b. 40 kN-m
6. Calculate the moment of inertia of a rectangular section with a c. -96 kN-m d. 96 kN-m
base of 40 mm and height of 60 mm.
a. 160,000 mm4 b. 320,000 mm4 15. Determine the shear diagram of the beam.
c. 416,667 mm4 d. 720,000 mm4

7. A simple beam supports a 30 kN/m uniform load occupying the

whole span of m. The maximum moment developed is
a. 120 kN-m b. 135 kN-m
c. 270 kN-m d. 540 kN-m

8. A continuous beam simply supported over an 8 meter span carries

a linearly increasing distributed load of 50 kN/m starting from the left
most portion until the center of the span. Determine the support at
left most portion.
a. 33.33 kN b. 66.67 kN
c. 90.33 kN d. 133.33 kN

CO2. Determine the of values of reactions at the supports, a. A. b. C.

values of shearing force and bending moments of c. B. d. D.
statically indeterminate beams (continuous beams O4. Design and investigate simple timber and steel structures
and restrained beams) using the Three-Moment
Equation and the Moment Distribution Methods 16. It is a type of truss having both vertical and diagonal members
between the upper and lower chords, with the diagonals sloping
9. A type of beam with fixed support and a roller support at the toward the center.
other end. a. Fink truss b. pratt truss
a. simple beam b. restrained beam c. arch truss d. warren truss
c. cantilever beam d. propped beam
17. An elevator cable will have its greatest tension when the elevator
10.. What is the distribution factor (DF) for a fixed support at the car is moving
end of a beam?
 Structural Exit Exam 23 June 2018
a. downward but coming to rest ___26. It is the ability of a material like steel to undergo large
b. upward at a constant speed inelastic deformation without failure.
c. upward but coming to rest a. malleability b. tenacity
d. downward at a constant speed c. hardness d. ductility

18. In structural steel design, structures carrying live load which ___27. In the strength design method (NSCP 2001), the ultimate load
induce impact, the assumed live load shall be increased sufficiently is computed as:
to provide for it. If not otherwise specified, the increase for supports a. 1.4LL+1.7DL b. 1.4DLx1.7LL
of elevators shall be: c. 1.7LL+1.4DL d. 1.2DLx1.7LL
a. 50% b. 100% c. 150% d. 200 %
____28. The minimum reinforcement ratio provided by the code is
19. The maximum size of fillet weld that may be used along edges of taken ___ / fy.
materials less than 6mm thick: a. 1.0 b. 1.2
a. Not greater than thickness of material
c. 1.4 d. 1.6
b. Not greater than thickness of material less 1.6mm
c. 8mm
d. 6mm ____29. maximum usable strain extreme concrete compression fiber
shall be assumed to be equal to
20. The maximum size of fillet weld that may be used along edges of a. 0.001 b. 0.002
materials 6mm or more in thickness: c. 0.003 d. 0.004
a. Not greater than thickness of material
b. Not greater than thickness of material less 1.6mm ____30. Which of the following values can be used as a concrete
c. 8mm cover for the primary reinforcement of cast-in-place concrete (non-
d. 6mm prestressed) beams as per NSCP?
a. 20mm b. 75mm
21. The allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of b. c. 40mm d. 60mm
gross area is:
a. 0.60Fu b. 0.40Fy c. 0.60Fy
d. 0.50Fu ___31. Under the AISC Method of evaluating the maximum safe load
of a steel column, the column constant is
22. The allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of
effective net area is: a. 2π2E b. π2E c. 5π2E d. 3π2E
a. 0.60Fu b. 0.40Fy c. 0.60Fy √ Fy √ Fy √ Fy √ Fy
d. 0.50Fu
___32. The critical slenderness ratio is the upper limit of elastic
23. True/ False : Wood is stronger when load is ┴ to the grains. buckling failure, where its average column stress is equal to ___.
b. False c. Maybe d. Not Sure a. 0.5Fy b. 1.0Fy c. 0.75Fy d. 2.0Fy

24. What is the distance from the extreme fiber in compression to the
centroid of the tension steel area?
a. Tension depth b. extreme distance
c. Effective depth d. centroid distance
25. The shear strength of a steel I-beam is dependent on the
a. thickness of flange b. width of flange
c. thickness of web d.. area of web
___33. The allowable stress for compression members whose
largest effective slenderness ratio of any unbraced segment is less
than the square root of [22E / Fy] as per AISC Standards is___.
a. {1 – [(kL/r)2 / 2Cc2]} * Fy/FS
b. 122E / [23*(kL/r)2]
c. . 2E Fy / [1.6 – (L/200r)
d. d. 5/3 + 3(kL/r) / 8Cc – (kL/r)3 / 8Cc3

CO5. Incorporate relevant provisions of the National ___34. The allowable tensile stress of structural steel based on
Building/Structural Code upon the results of such design and effective net area is taken ___% of specified ultimate tensile stress.
investigations. a. 50 b. 60
c. 75 d. 85
26. Based on the AISC, what is the maximum slenderness ratio kL/r
for tension members? As per Section 5.3.3 of NSCP, the nominal maximum sizes of
a. 100 b. 200 c. 250 d. 300 coarse aggregate should be greater than
27. The slenderness ratio of compression members shall not exceed: 35.____ the narrowest dimension between sides of forms,
a. 100 b. 200 c. 250 d. 300 a. 1/3 b. 1/4
b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
28. Riveted and bolted splice and gusset plates and other connection
fittings subject to tensile force shall be design in accordance with
AISC requirements where the effective net area shall be taken as the 36____ the depth of slabs, or
actual net area except that, for the purpose of design calculations, it a. 1/3 b. 1/4
shall not be taken as greater than __. b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
a. 85% of gross area b. 90% of gross area
c. 70% of gross area d. 75% of gross area 37.____ the minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing bars.
a. 1/3 b. 1/4
b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
 Structural Exit Exam 23 June 2018
___38 The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used must For No. 49 – 55: Using Ultimate strength design, determine the
be? (NSCP 307.6.3) unknown of the following, shown below is the cross-section of the
a. 250MM c. 350MM beam, having both an unfactored live load of 100kN and dead load of
200kN.
b. 300MM d. 400MM
Given:
___39. The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts when wood db = 12 mm
fc’ = 28 MPa
plates or sill shall be bolted to foundation wall in zone 4 seismic area 475mm
Fy = 475 MPa
in the Philippines. (NSCP 305.60) Es = 200 GPa
a. 16MM c. 12MM 75mm
b. 14MM d.10MM
300mm

____40. Before commencing the excavation work, the person

making the excavation shall notify in writing the owner of the 49. Determine the maximum allowable moment (Mn)
a. 400.00 kN-m c. 488.889 kN-m
adjoining building not less than _____days before such excavation
b. 444.444 kN-m d. 734.800 kN-m
is to be made. (NSCP 302.2.4)
a. 10days c. 30 days 50. Determine the minimum steel-concrete ratio (ρ min)
b. 20days d. 40days a. 0.0016 b. 0.0033
c. 0.0020 d. 0.0035
____41. As per IS: 456-2000, the maximum size of aggregate is
a. 1/4 of maximum thickness of member 51. Determine the actual steel-concrete ratio (ρact)
b. 1/4 of minimum thickness of member a. 0.011 b. 0.028
c. 1/5 of maximum thickness of member c. 0.016 d. 0.033
d. 1/5 of minimum thickness of member
52. Determine the max. steel-concrete ratio (ρmax)
_____ 42. As per IS: 456-2000, modulus of elasticity of concrete (in a. 0.0131 b. 0.0183
N/mm2) is given by c. 0.0227 d. 0.0316
a. 5700 vfCK b. 5000 vfCK
c. 3700 vfCK d. 3000 vfCK 53. Which of the following assumptions holds true?
a. Concrete would yield first
_____ 43. As per IS:1139, the characteristic yield strength for cold b. Steel would yield first
twisted deformed bars is c. Concrete and steel would both yield
a. 250 N/mm2 b. 415 N/mm2 d. None of the above
c. 500 N/mm2 d. 550 N/mm2
54. Determine the area of the steel reinforcement (AT)
_____ 44. The development length of bars in compression is taken a. 470.25 mm2 b. 2607.75 mm2
as c. 2280.0 mm2 d. 3990.00 mm2
a. 30 times bar diameter
b. 40 times bar diameter [ 55. Determine the number of the tension reinforcement (n)
c. 50 times bar diameter a. 5 b. 24
d. 12 times bar diameter c. 21 d. 35

_____45. Minimum number of bars for a circular column 56. Which of the following is NOT a property of hardened hydraulic
a. Four b. Five c. Six d. Eight cement concrete?
a. economy
CO6. Design/Investigate simple reinforced concrete structures b. durability
c. density
46. What is the max Vs (shear carried by the stirrups)? d. workability
1 2 2
a. f 'c b. c. d.
3 5
f 'c
3 f'c f 'c
57. The process of hardening of concrete in the presence of water
is called
47. The maximum useable strain at the extreme concrete a. Creep
compression fiber shall b. Hydration
be assumed to be equal to ____ c. Shrinkage
d. Curing
a. 0.003 b. 0.002 c. 0.001 d. 0.004

48. What will happen to the concrete strength if the water-to- 58. The continuous strain, which the concrete undergoes due
cement ratio decreases? to application of external loads is called
a. Concrete strength increases, porosity decreases, solid-to- a. Creep
space ratio increases b. Bleeding
b. Concrete strength increases, porosity decreases, solid-to- c. Workability
space ratio decreases d. Segregation
c. Concrete strength decreases, porosity increases, solid-to-
space ratio increases 59. Slump test of concrete is a measure of its
d. Concrete strength decreases, porosity increases, solid-to- a. Consistency
space ratio decreases b. Compressive strength
c. Tensile strength
d. Impact value Answer : A
 Structural Exit Exam 23 June 2018
60. Specific weight of Reinforced cement concrete is
a. 24 N/m3 b. 24 kN/m3
c. 25 N/m3 d. 25 kN/m3
1. In T-beam construction, the flange and web being 7. Two forces equal in magnitude and oppositely
built integrally, the width of the slab effective as T- directed is called
beam flange shall not exceed one quarter of the a.) moment
span length of the beam and the effective b.) couple
overhanging flange width on each side of the web c.) reaction
shall not exceed: d.) equilibrant
a.) eight times the slab thickness
b.) one-half the clear distance to the next web 8. A force system to be in static equilibrium, the
c.) smaller of the above algebraic sum of the forces along any direction
d.) 500 mm a.) minimum
b.) 100%
2. Which of the following criteria for bundled bars, c.) maximum
do not apply? d.) zero
a.) bars larger than 32mm shall not be bundled in
beams 9. What is the minimum requirement for
b.) bundled bars shall be enclosed within stirrups or development for least 1/3 of the total reinforcement
ties provided for the negative moment reinforcement as
c.) group of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in an embedment length beyond the point of
contact to act as a unit shall be limited to four in any inflection?
one bundle a.) Not less than the effective depth of member of
d.) Individual bars within a bundle terminated within 12db or 1/16" the clear span, whichever is greater
the span of flexural members shall terminate at b.) L/3 + D or 24 db or 1/12" the clear span,
different points with at least 40db staggered whichever is greater
c.) Not less than 1.5 d or 14 db or 1/12" the clear
3. A wall that holds back on earth embankment span whichever is greater
a.) shoring wall d.) L/4 2D or 12 db or 1/12" the clear span,
b.) retaining wall whichever is greater
c.) buttress wall
d.) foundation wall 10. What is a round, steel bolt embedded in
concrete or masonry use to hold down machinery,
4. The process of removing concrete forms from the steel columns or beams, castings, shoes, beam
cured concrete plates and engine heads?
a.) stripping a.) retaining bolts
b.) deforming works b.) foundation bolts
c.) clearing c.) anchor bolts
d.) none of these d.) friction bolts

5. Maximum usable strain at extreme concrete 11. The ultimate strength of the material divided by
compression fiber shall assumed to be equal to the allowable working load
a.) 0.001 a.) maximum strength
b.) 0.002 b.) strength limit
c.) 0.003 c.) safety factor
d.) 0.004 d.) none of these

6. To find the volume of water in a cylinder tank, 12. The stress per square unit area of the original
multiply the area of its base by its cross section of a material which resists its
a.) diameter elongation is
b.) radius a.) allowable stress
c.) height b.) tensile stress
d.) none of these c.) flexural stress
d.) bending stress
13. What is the minimum concrete cover for primary 19. Ratio of unit stress to unit strain is:
reinforcement of beams or columns not exposed to a.) ratio and proportion
earth or water for precast manufactured under plant b.) modulus of elasticity
control conditions? c.) moment of inertia
a.) db but not less than 25mm d.) slenderness ratio
b.) db but not less than 15mm and need not exceed
40mm 20. Aggregates should conform to PNS or ASTM
c.) db but not less than 20mm and not to exceed standards and must be well graded, easy workability
50mm and method of consolidated are such that thee
d.) db but not less than 30mm concrete can be poured without honeycomb or
voids. What is the nominal maximum size of a course
14. What is a sheet element such as wire, cable, bar, aggregate when working spaces between
rod or strand, or a bundle of such elements _______ reinforcements for proper bonding?
pre-stress forces to concrete? a.) Course aggregates shall be no larger than ½ the
a.) prestress cables minimum clear spacing between individual
b.) reinforcement reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
c.) tenon cables prestressing tendons or ducts
d.) tendon b.) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 5/8 the
minimum clear spacing between individual
15. It is a circular beam that transmit power to the reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
machinery prestressing tendons or ducts
a.) shaft c.) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 7/8 the
b.) spandrel minimum clear spacing between individual
c.) rafter reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
d.) lintel prestressing tendons or ducts
d.) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 3/4 the
16. It is the arrangement of any two or more forces minimum clear spacing between individual
that act on a body or on a group of related bodies. reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
a.) force system prestressing tendons or ducts
b.) transmissibility
c.) reluctant 22. A brochure of a steel bar manufactures claims
d.) equilibrium the following specs: yield strength = 275 Mpa,
tensile strength = 450 Mpa. A sample 32mm x 1000
17. The standard hooks for the stirrups and ties shall mm long steel bar was out for sampling with the
mean following test results: yield stress = 28.54 kg/sq mm,
a.) a 90-degree bend plus 6 db extension at the free ultimate stress = 50.55 kg/sq. mm. Judge the actual
end of bar, for 16mm bar and smaller test result against what is claimed in the brochure
b.) a 90-degree bend plus 12 db extension at the free and if the test results meet minimum PS standards.
of end bar, for 20mm and 25mm bar a.) The test results surpasses the claims on the
c.) a 135-degree bend plus 6db extension at the free brochure and surpasses PS Standards
end of bar, for 25mm and smaller b.) The test results is below the claims in the
d.) all of the above brochure but surpasses PS Standards
c.) The test results are equal to the claims on the
18. Inside diameter of bend for stirrups and ties for brochure
16mm bar and smaller shall not be less than d.) The test results is below the claims in the
a.) 4 db brochure and below the PS Standard
b.) 6 db
c.) 8 db
d.) 10 db
23. How is 90-degree bend standard hook for 30. A joint where two successive placement of
concrete reinforcement constructed? concrete meet is called
a.) 90 degree bend plus 10 db extension at free end a.) truss joint
of the bar b.) contraction joint
b.) 90 degree bend plus 12 db extension at free end c.) construction joint
of the bar d.) expansion joint
c.) 90 degree bend plus 6 db extension at free end of
the bar 31. Depth of footing above bottom reinforcement
d.) 90 degree bend plus 4 db extension at free end of shall not be less than 150mm for footing on soil, nor
the bar less than ____ for footing on piles
a.) 200mm
24. The steel materials are to be butt joined using a b.) 300mm
fillet weld. The thicker material is 8.5mm. What is c.) 250mm
the minimum size of the fillet weld? d.) 400mm
a.) 3.0mm
b.) 7.5mm 32. Loads that change position within the span of a
c.) 6.0mm beam in short amount of time. These loads are often
d.) 5.0mm exemplified by wheel loads.
a.) varying loads
25. In formula e=PL/AE, E stands for: b.) snow loads
a.) total deformation c.) dead loads
b.) elongation d.) moving loads
c.) equal forces
d.) modulus of elasticity 33. A bended rust to resist shear and diagonal
stresses in a concrete beam is called
26. Slab thickness for joist construction shall not be a.) bottom bar
less than one-twelfth the clear distance between ribs b.) metal plate
not less than c.) stirrups
a.) 50mm d.) temperature bar
b.) 75mm
c.) 100mm 34. Walls that support weight from above as well as
d.) 125mm their own dead weight
a.) load bearing walls
27. It is designed to resist lateral forces parallel to b.) shoring walls
the plane of the wall c.) curtain walls
a.) bearing wall d.) none of these
b.) curtain wall
c.) grade wall 35. Which statement is false?
d.) shear wall a.) development length of main reinforcements is
always a function of reinforcement diameter
28. The section at which the moment changes from b.) transverse reinforcements provide additional
positive to negative is called: flexural support
a.) neutral axis c.) spiral hoops have stronger confining effect than
b.) inflection point ties
c.) point of zero shear d.) none of these
d.) maximum moment
36. A point in each normal section of a member
29. In column, the ratio of its effective length to its through which the axis passes and about which the
least radius of gyration is called section twists
a.) moment of inertia a.) centroid
b.) development length b.) shear center
c.) slenderness ratio c.) center of gravity
d.) ratio and proportion d.) none of the above
37. A quantity which measure the resistance of the 44. A standard 90 degree hook consists of a bend
mass to being revolved about line is called plus an extension of
a.) tension a.) 8db
b.) torsion b.) 10db
c.) variation c.) 12db
d.) deflection d.) 16db

38. A structural member spanning from truss-to- 45. For offset bent longitudinal bars, the horizontal
truss or supporting rafters support at offset bends shall be provided by lateral
a.) floor joist ties, spiral or parts of the floor construction.
b.) purlin Horizontal support provided shall be designed to
c.) girt resist 1-1/2 times the horizontal component of the
d.) girder computed force in the inclined portion of on offset
bar. Lateral ties or spiral shall be placed not more
39. It is a twisting force that rotates or tends to than ______ from points of bend
rotate a shaft a.) 100mm
a.) dead load b.) 150mm
b.) elasticity c.) 200mm
c.) stress d.) 250mm
d.) torque
46. The greatest stress which a material is capable of
40. It is synonym to bending stress developing without a permanent deformation
a.) flexural stress remaining upon the complete release of stress is
b.) torsional stress called
c.) tangential stress a.) allowable stress
d.) normal stress b.) moment of inertia
c.) bending stress
41. A standard hook may consist of a 180 deg. bend d.) proportional limit
plus a 4db extension (at free end) not less than
a.) 55mm 47. The failure in a base when a heavily loaded
b.) 60mm column strikes a hole through is called
c.) 75mm a.) flexural stress
d.) 85mm b.) punching moment
c.) punching shear
42. The major horizontal supporting member of the d.) single shear
floor system is called
a.) rafter 48. Bundled bars shall be enclosed within supports
b.) purlin or ties but bars larger than the size below shall not
c.) girder be bundled in beams
d.) girt a.) 40mm
b.) 36mm
43. A wall which support a vertical loads in addition c.) 32mm
to its weight without the benefit of a complete d.) 28mm
vertical load carrying space frame is called
a.) retaining wall 49. Splices in spiral reinforcement shall be lap splices
b.) curtain wall of 48db but not less than
c.) shearing wall a.) 300mm
d.) bearing wall b.) 400mm
c.) 500mm
d.) 600mm
50. Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion c.) stability against overturning
a.) riprap d.) horizontal torsional moments
b.) flag stone
c.) embankment 57. The actual stress in a material under a given
d.) border stone loading
a.) working stress
51. In any one bundle, groups of parallel reinforcing b.) axial stress
bars bundled in contract to act as a unit shall be c.) bending stress
limited to a maximum of d.) allowable stress
a.) three
b.) four 58. Where parallel reinforcement is placed in two or
c.) five more layers, bars in the upper layers shall be placed
d.) six directly above bars in the bottom layer with clear
distance between layers not less than
52. It is a single force, or a force and a couple which a.) 20mm
acting alone will produce the same effect as the b.) 25mm
force system c.) 30mm
a.) force d.) 40mm
b.) resultant
c.) equilibrium 59. In spirally reinforced or tied reinforcement
d.) transmissibility compression members, clear distance between
longitudinal (vertical) bars shall not be less than
53. A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or 40mm not
concrete across the top of door or window opening a.) 1.5db
to bear the weight of the walls above the opening b.) 2.0db
a.) lintel c.) 5.0db
b.) transom beam d.) 1.0db
c.) transvers rafter
d.) none of these 60. The minimum thickness of non-prestressed
beams of span L whose supports are simply
54. Underwater watertight chamber to allow supported
construction work to be done a.) L/16
a.) bent chamber b.) L/18.50
b.) submersible air chamber c.) L/2
c.) caisson d.) L/8
d.) none of these
61. Which of the following criterion precludes good
55. When a beam is loads, the new position of its condition practice for conduits and pipes embedded
longitudinal centroid axis is called in concrete
a.) deflected shape a.) conduits and pipes embedded is slab, wall, or
b.) parabolic curve beam shall not be larger in outside dimension than
c.) elastic curve 1/3 the overall thickness of slab, wall or beam in
d.) inelastic curve which they are embedded
b.) reinforcement with an area not less than 0.002
56. What is a design analysis requirement, times area of cross-section shall be provided normal
considered as a basis for the structural design of to piping
building and structures, where the total lateral c.) conduits and pipes, with their fittings embedded
forces are distributed to various vertical elements of within the column shall not displace more than 5%
the lateral force-resisting system in proportion to of the area of cross-section which strength is
their rigidities considering the rigidity of the calculated
horizontal bracing system or diaphragm? d.) concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and fittings
a.) shear and moment diagram hall not be less than 40mm for concrete exposed to
b.) distribution of horizontal shear each of the weather
 68. Which of the following criterion is NOT
62. The most important component to determine applicable for plug and slot welds?
the strength of a concrete mix is a.) the thickness of plug/slot welds in material 16mm
a.) cement or less in thickness shall be equal to the thickness of
b.) sand the material
c.) gravel b.) the minimum center to center spacing in a
d.) lime longitudinal direction on any line shall be 2 times the
length of the slot
63. The greatest stretching stress a structural c.) the thickness of plug or slot welds in material
member can bear without cracking or breaking over 16mm in thickness shall be at least ½ times the
a.) tension limit material but not less than 16mm
b.) tensile stress d.) the width of the slot shall not be less than the
c.) elasticity limit thickness of the part containing it plus 8mm nor shall
d.) none of these it be greater than 2-1/2 times the thickness of weld

64. A beam that project beyond one or both its 69. The minimum clear spacing between parallel
support is called bars in a layer shall be db but not less than
a.) overhanging beam a.) 20mm
b.) continuous beam b.) 25mm
c.) intermediate beam c.) 40mm
d.) cantilevered beam d.) 50mm

65. How is camber treated in a steel truss 25 meters
and longer?
a.) camber shall be approximately equal to 1% of the
span
b.) camber shall be approximately equal to the dead
load deflection
c.) camber shall be approximately equal to 0.8% of
the span plus 1/3 the dead load deflection
d.) camber shall be approximately equal to 0.6% of
the span plus ½ the live load deflection
66. It refers to occupancy load which is either
partially or fully in place or may not be present at all
is called
a.) live load
b.) dead load
c.) concentrated load
d.) distributed load
67. What is the method of analyzing indeterminate
modular building frames by assuming hinges at the
center of the beam, spans and columns height
a.) cantilever method
b.) moment distribution method
c.) free body diagram method
d.) portal method
70. A composite member with laterally tied concrete
around a steel core (of design yield strength not to
exceed 350 MPa) shall have vertical spacing of
lateral ties shall not exceed
a.) 16 longitudinal bar diameter or 48 tie diameter
b.) ½ times the least side dimension of the
composite member
c.) any of the above
d.) none of the above
71. It means that by which a body develops internal
resistance to stress
a.) strain
b.) strength
c.) slenderness
d.) stress
72. One-way concrete slab are used when:
a.) The slab is being supported by two parallel beams
b.) The slab has no cantilevered portion
c.) The concrete slab is reinforced on the near
bottom side
d.) The concrete slab is sloping to the all side
73. In joist construction, consisting of monolithic 78. For beam with a slab on one side only, the
combination of regularly spaced ribs and a top slab, effective overhanging flange width shall not exceed
the ribs shall not be less than 100mm in width and a.) 1/12 the span length of the beam
shall have a depth of not more than _____ times the b.) 6 times the slab thickness
minimum width of rib c.) ½ the clear distance to the next web
a.) 2 d.) any of the above
b.) 2-1/2
c.) 3 79. The tendency for one part of a beam to move
d.) 3-1/2 vertically with respect to an adjacent part is called
a.) shear
74. Again, for joist construction, the clear spacing b.) moment
between ribs shall not exceed c.) force
a.) 250mm d.) strength
b.) 750mm 80. Any material change in shape when subjected to
c.) 50mm the action of a force is called
d.) 1000mm a.) reflection
b.) deflection
75. As a seismic requirement for flexural members c.) deformation
where hoops are required. How are the remaining d.) acceleration
portions of a beam treated with transverse
reinforcement other than those required with 81. For normal weight concrete, the modulus of
hoops? elasticity of concrete Ec, may be taken as
a.) Where hoops are not required, stirrups shall be a.) 1700 √
spaced at no more than d/2 throughout the length b.) 2700 √
of the member
c.) 3700 √
b.) Where hoops are not required, stirrups shall be
spaced at no more than d/3 throughout the length d.) 4700 √
of the member
c.) Where hoops are not required, hoops shall 82. An expansion joints adjacent parts of a structure
continue except that spacing shall not be more than to permit expected movements between them is
d/2 called
d.) Where hoops are not required, closed stirrups a.) contraction joint
shall be spaced at no more than d/4 throughout the b.) truss joint
length of the member c.) construction joint
d.) conduction joint
76. What is a concrete bean placed directly on the
ground to provide foundation for the superstructure 83. The deformation of as structural member as a
a.) strap beam result of loads acting on it is called
b.) gerber beam a.) strength
c.) grade beam b.) stress
d.) tie beam c.) strain
d.) deflection
77. The point in the moment diagram at which the
curvature reverses as it changes from concave to 84. The force adhesion per unit area of contact
convex is called between two bonded surface
a.) point of deflection a.) axial stress
b.) moment of inertia b.) bond stress
c.) point of inflection c.) allowable stress
d.) magnitude d.) flexural stress
85. A kind of roof that has four sloping sides
a.) gable roof
b.) mansard roof
c.) hip roof
d.) lean roof

86. A type of concrete floor which has no beam is

called
a.) flat slab
b.) 2-way slab
c.) one-way slab
d.) ribbed floor

87. Concrete slab should have a minimum clearance

of
a.) 20mm
b.) 40mm
c.) 15mm
d.) 30mm

88. In walls and slabs other than concrete joist

construction, primary flexural reinforcement shall be
spaces not farther apart than three times the wall or
slab thickness, nor
a.) 300mm
b.) 400mm
c.) 450mm
d.) 550mm

89. If the depth of a web exceeds 900mm

longitudinal skin reinforcement shall be uniformly
distributed along both side faces of the members for
the distance d/2 nearest the flexural tension
reinforcement. The maximum spacing of the skin
reinforcement shall not exceed the lesser of the d/6
and 300mm. The total area of the longitudinal skin
reinforcement in both faces need not exceed ______
of the required flexural tension reinforcement.
a.) ¼
b.) 1/3
c.) ½
d.) 2/3

90. The connection between two structural elements

joined at their ends to form a single, longer element
a.) splice
b.) stiffness
c.) stress
d.) slender action
1. It is a structural system without complete vertical 7. The minimum bend diameter for 28mm Ø through
local carrying space frame. (NSCP 208.20) 36mm Ø bars (NSCP 407.30)
a.) Braced frame a.) 12 db
b.) Bearing wall system b.) 6 db
c.) Rigid component c.) 8 db
d.) Concentric braced frame d.) 10 db

2. Is a component including its attachments having 8. The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars
fundamental period less than or equal to 0.06 sec. in a layer must be db but not less than? (NSCP
(NSCP 208.20) 407.7.3)
a.) Braced frame a.) 50mm
b.) Bearing wall system b.) 25mm
c.) Rigid component c.) 75mm
d.) Flexible component d.) 100mm

3. Is a component including its attachments having 9. In spirally reinforced or tied reinforced

fundamental period greater than 0.60 sec. (NSCP compression members, clear distance between
208.20) longitudinal bars shall not be less than? (NSCP
a.) Braced frame 407.7.3)
b.) Bearing wall system a.) 2.0 db
c.) Rigid component b.) 2.15 db
d.) Flexible component c.) 1.50 db
d.) 1.75 db
4. Concrete filled driven piles of uniform section shall
have a nominal outside diameter of not less than 10. In walls and slabs other than concrete joist
(NSCP 307.7.3) construction, primary flexural reinforcement shall
a.) 200 mm not be spaced farther apart than 3 times wall or slab
b.) 250 mm thickness nor farther than? (NSCP 407.7.5)
c.) 300 mm a.) 375mm
d.) 350 mm b.) 450mm
c.) 500mm
5. A complete record of test of materials and of d.) 300mm
concrete shall be available for inspection during the
progress of work and _______ years after 11. Groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in
completion of the project and shall be preserved by contact to act as one unit shall be united to ___
the inspecting engineer or architect for that pieces in one bundle. (NSCP 407.7.6.1)
purpose, (NSCP 403.20) a.) 4
a.) 2 years b.) 3
b.) 5 years c.) 2
c.) 10 years d.) 5
d.) 15 years
12. Bars larger than ___mm shall not be bundled in
6. The minimum bend diameter for 10mm Ø through beams:
25mm Ø bars (NSCP 407.30) (NSCP 407.7.6.3)
a.) 12 db a.) 25mm
b.) 6 db b.) 16mm
c.) 8 db c.) 28mm
d.) 10 db d.) 36mm
13. Individual bars within a bundle terminated within 20. The minimum one way slab thickness for a BOTH
the span of flexural members shall terminate at ends continuous slab is: (NSCP 409.6.2)
different points with at least ____ stagger: (NSCP a.) L/20
407.7.6.4) b.) L/24
a.) 12 db c.) L/10
b.) 10 db d.) L/28
c.) 50 db
d.) 40 db 21. The minimum cantilevered slab thickness is :
(NSCP 409.6.2)
14. Minimum concrete cover cast against and a.) L/20
permanently exposed to earth: (NSCP 407.8.1) b.) L/24
a.) 100 mm c.) L/10
b.) 75 mm d.) L/28
c.) 50 mm
d.) 150 mm 22. Deep continuous flexural members has overall
depth to clear span ratio greater than: (NSCP
15. The minimum clear concrete covering for cast in 410.8.10)
place slab: (NSCP 407.8.1) a.) 0.40
a.) 20mm b.) 0.60
b.) 25mm c.) 0.75
c.) 40mm d.) 0.70
d.) 50mm
23. Deep simple span flexural members has overall
16. In ultimate strength design, the strength depth to clear span ratio greater than: (NSCP
reduction factor Ø for flexure without axial loads: 307.4.2)
(NSCP 409.2.1) a.) 0.40
a.) 0.85 b.) 0.60
b.) 0.75 c.) 0.75
c.) 0.90 d.) 0.70
d.) 0.70
24. Spacing of shear reinforcement placed
17. In ultimate strength design, the strength perpendicular to axis of non-prestressed member
reduction factor Ø for shear and torsion: (NSCP shall not exceed: (NSCP 411.6.4.1)
409.4.2.3) a.) d/2
a.) 0.70 b.) d/4
b.) 0.75 c.) ¾ d
c.) 0.85 d.) d/5
d.) 0.90
25. Development length Ld for deformed bars in
18. The minimum one way slab thickness which is tension shall be less than: (NSCP 412.3.1)
simply supported at the ends only is: (NSCP 409.6.2) a.) 300 mm
a.) L/20 b.) 250 mm
b.) L/24 c.) 200 mm
c.) L/28 d.) 350 mm
d.) L/10
26. Is an essentially vertical truss system of the
19. The minimum one way slab thickness for a ONE concentric or eccentric type that is provided to resist
end continuous slab is: (NSCP 409.6.2) lateral forces: (NCSP 208.1)
a.) L/20 a.) Building frame system
b.) L/24 b.) Braced frame
c.) L/10 c.) Diaphragm
d.) L/28 d.) Collector
27. Is a horizontal or nearly horizontal system 33. The minimum distance that the toe of fill slope
activity to transmit lateral forces to the vertical made to the site boundary line: (NSCP 302.4.3)
resisting elements: a.) 0.80 M
a.) Building frame system b.) 0.60 M
b.) Braced frame c.) 1.50 M
c.) Diaphragm d.) 2.00 M
d.) Collector
34. The max. distance that the toe of fill slope made
28. Is a frame in which members and joints are to the site boundary: (NSCP 302.4.3)
capable of resisting forces primarily by flexure: a.) 0.80 M
a.) Moment resisting frame b.) 0.60 M
b.) Ordinary braced frame c.) 6.00 M
c.) Truss d.) 1.00 M
d.) Eccentric braced frame
35. In using sand backfill in the annular space around
29. In the determination of seismic dead load with a column not embedded in poured footings, the sand
minimum of ________% of floor live load shall be shall be thoroughly compacted by tamping in layers
applicable for storage and warehouse occupancies. not more than _____mm in depth? (NSCP 305.7.3)
(NSCP 208.5.1.1) a.) 500 mm
a.) 50% b.) 400 mm
b.) 25% c.) 200 mm
c.) 30% d.) 300 mm
d.) 35%
36. In using a concrete backfill in the annular space
30. The slope of cut surfaces shall be no steeper than around column not embedded in poured footings,
_______% slope. (NSCP 302.2.2) the concrete shall have ultimate strength of
a.) 50% ____Mpa at 28 days. (NSCP 305.7.3)
b.) 60% a.) 30 Mpa
c.) 30% b.) 15 Mpa
d.) 40% c.) 10 Mpa
d.) 5 Mpa
31. Before commencing the excavation work, the
person making the excavation shall notify in writing 37. When grillage footings of structural steel shapes
the owner of the adjoining building not less than are used on soils, they shall be completely
_____days before such excavation is to be made. embedded in concrete. Concrete cover shall be at
(NSCP 302.2.4) least _____mm on the bottom. (NSCP 305.8)
a.) 15 days a.) 100 mm
b.) 10 days b.) 200 mm
c.) 30 days c.) 150 mm
d.) 60 days d.) 250 mm

32. Fill slopes shall not be constructed on natural 38. Temporary open air portable bleachers may be
slopes steeper than ____% slope (NSCP 302.3.1) supported upon wood sills or steel plates placed
a.) 50% directly upon the ground surface, provided soil
b.) 10% pressure does not exceed ____Kpa. (NSCP 305.9)
c.) 20% a.) 100 Kpa
d.) 60% b.) 50 Kpa
c.) 150 Kpa
d.) 200 Kpa
39. The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts 45. Cast in place/bored piles shall have a specific
when wood plates or sill shall be bolted to compressive strength Fc of not less than
foundation wall in zone 2 seismic area in the ______Mpa. (NSCP 307.2.1)
Philippines. (NSCP 305.60) a.) 17.50 Mpa
a.) 10mm b.) 20 Mpa
b.) 12mm c.) 15 Mpa
c.) 16mm d.) 25 Mpa
d.) 20mm
46. Pre-cast concrete piles shall have a specific
40. The minimum nominal diameter of steel bolts compressive strength Fc of not less than _____Mpa.
when wood plates or sill shall be bolted to (NSCP 304.7.1)
foundation wall in zone 4 seismic area in the a.) 17.50 Mpa
Philippines. (NSCP 305.60) b.) 20 Mpa
a.) 10mm c.) 15 Mpa
b.) 12mm d.) 25 Mpa
c.) 16mm
d.) 20mm 47. The maximum spacing of ties and spirals in a
driven pre-cast concrete pile center to center. (NSCP
41. Individual pile caps and caissons of every 307.5.1)
structure subjected to seismic forces shall be a.) 75 mm
interconnected by ties. Such ties shall be capable of b.) 100 mm
resisting in tension or compression a minimum c.) 125 mm
horizontal force equal to _____% of the largest d.) 150 mm
column vertical load. (NSCP 306.20)
a.) 15% 48. Pre-cast pre-stressed concrete piles shall have a
b.) 20% specified compressive strength Fc of not less than
c.) 10% ____Mpa. (NSCP 307.5.1)
d.) 25% a.) 20 Mpa
b.) 15 Mpa
42. Such piles into firm ground may be considered c.) 25 Mpa
fixed and laterally supported at _____M below the d.) 35 Mpa
ground surface. (NSCP 306.20)
a.) 1.50 M 49. The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles
b.) 2.00 M when used must be? (NSCP 307.6.3)
c.) 2.50 M a.) 300 mm
d.) 3.00 M b.) 250 mm
c.) 350 mm
43. Such piles into soft ground may be considered d.) 400 mm
fixed and laterally supported at _____M below the
ground surface. (NSCP 306.20) 50. Aviation control towers fall to what type of
a.) 1.50 M occupancy?
b.) 2.00 M a.) Special occupancy structures
c.) 2.50 M b.) Essential facilities
d.) 3.00 M c.) Hazardous facility
d.) Standard occupancy
44. The maximum length of cast in place piles/bored
piles shall be _____times the average diameter of 51. Private garages, carports, sheds, agricultural
the pile. (NSCP 307.2.1) buildings fall to what type of occupancy?
a.) 10 times a.) Miscellaneous occupancy
b.) 20 times b.) Essential facilities
c.) 30 times c.) Special occupancy
d.) 15 times d.) Hazardous facility
52. Buildings used for college or adult education with 58. As per NSCP 2001 sect. 206.9.3 vertical impact
a capacity of 500 or more students fall to what type force for crane load, if powered monorail cranes are
of occupancy? considered, the max. wheel load of the crane shall
a.) Miscellaneous occupancy be increased by what percent to determine the
b.) Essential facilities induced vertical impact? (NSCP 206.9.3)
c.) Special occupancy a.) 50%
d.) Hazardous facility b.) 25%
c.) 15%
53. Buildings or structures therein housing and d.) 20%
supporting toxic or explosive chemicals or
substances fall to what type of category? 59. The lateral force on a crane runway beam with
a.) Miscellaneous occupancy electrically powered trolleys shall be calculated as
b.) Essential facilities ______% of the sum of the rated capacity of the
c.) Special occupancy crane and the weight of the hoist and trolley. (NSCP
d.) Hazardous facility 206.9.4)
a.) 20%
54. The allowable deflection for any structural b.) 15%
member loaded with live load only. (NSCP 107.2.2) c.) 30%
a.) L/300 d.) 50%
b.) L/360
c.) L/200 60. The longitudinal forces on crane runway beams,
d.) L/240 except for bridge cranes with hand geared bridges
shall be calculated as _____% of the max. wheel load
55. The allowable deflection for any structural of the crane. (NSCP 206.9.5)
member loaded with dead load and live load only. a.) 15%
(NSCP 104.2.2) b.) 10%
a.) L/240 c.) 25%
b.) L/300 d.) 20%
c.) L/360
d.) L/200 61. An open building is a structure having all walls at
least _____% open. (NSCP 207)
56. Retaining walls shall be designed to resist sliding a.) 50%
by at least _______times the lateral force. (NSCP b.) 60%
206.6) c.) 80%
a.) 3 d.) 75%
b.) 2
c.) 1.50 62. Low rise buildings is an enclosed or partially
d.) 1.0 enclosed with mean roof height less than or equal
to? (NSCP 207.20)
57. Retaining walls shall be designed to resist a.) 70 M
overturning by at least ______times the overturning b.) 50 M
moment. (NSCP 206.6) c.) 15 M
a.) 1.0 d.) 18 M
b.) 2.50
c.) 2.0 63. The wind load importance factor lw for essential
d.) 1.50 facilities is equal to? (NSCP 207.50)
a.) 1.15
b.) 1.0
c.) 2.15
d.) 0.87
64. The wind load importance factor for hazardous 70. Urban and suburban areas, wooded areas or
facilities is equal to? other terrain with numerous closely spaced
a.) 1.0 obstructions having the size of single family dwelling
b.) 0.87 or larger falls on what exposure category for wind
c.) 1.15 loading?
d.) 2.15 a.) Exposure A
b.) Exposure B
65. The wind load importance factor for standard c.) Exposure C
occupancy structures is equal to? d.) Exposure D
a.) 1.0
b.) 1.15 71. Zone 1 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity
c.) 0.87 of ____Kph?
d.) 2.0 a.) 150 Kph
b.) 250 Kph
66. The wind load importance factor for c.) 125 Kph
miscellaneous structures is equal to? d.) 200 Kph
a.) 1.0
b.) 1.15 72. Zone 2 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity
c.) 0.87 of ____Kph?
d.) 2.0 a.) 200 Kph
b.) 125 Kph
67. Large city centers with at least 50% of the c.) 150 Kph
buildings having a height greater than 21M. falls on d.) 250 Kph
what exposure category for wind loading? (NSCP
207.5.3) 73. Zone 3 of the Philippine map has a wind velocity
a.) Exposure A of ____Kph?
b.) Exposure B a.) 200 Kph
c.) Exposure C b.) 125 Kph
d.) Exposure D c.) 150 Kph
d.) 250 Kph
68. Open terrain with scattered obstructions having
heights less than 9M. Falls on what exposure 74. In testing concrete laboratory cured specimens,
category for wind loading? no individual strength test (average of 2 cylinders)
a.) Exposure A falls below fc’ by more than _______. (NSCP
b.) Exposure B 405.7.3.3)
c.) Exposure C a.) 5 Mpa
d.) Exposure D b.) 4.25 Mpa
c.) 3.50 Mpa
69. Flat unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing d.) 4.0 Mpa
over open water for a distance of at least 2 km falls
on what exposure category for wind loading? 75. Spacing for a lateral support for a beam shall not
a.) Exposure A exceed _______times the least width b of
b.) Exposure B compression flange or face. (NSCP 410.5.10)
c.) Exposure C a.) 40
d.) Exposure D b.) 50
c.) 60
d.) 30
76. For a rectangular reinforced concrete 82. For pin connected members in which the pin is
compression member, it shall be permitted to take expected to provide for relative movement between
the radius of gyration equal to _______times the connected parts while under full load, the diameter
overall dimension of the direction of stability is being of the pinhole shall not be more than ______mm
considered. (NSCP 410.12.20) greater than the diameter of the pin. (NSCP
a.) 0.30 504.4.2.3)
b.) 0.45 a.) 1 mm
c.) 0.50 b.) 0.5 mm
d.) 0.75 c.) 0.80 mm
d.) 2 mm
77. For members whose design is based on
compressive force, the slenderness ratio kL/r 83. The maximum longitudinal spacing of bolts, nuts
preferably should not exceed ________? (NSCP and intermittent welds correctly two rolled shapes in
502.8.1) contact for a built up section shall not exceed
a.) 300 ________. (NSCP 505.5.4)
b.) 250 a.) 700 mm
c.) 200 b.) 500 mm
d.) 350 c.) 600 mm
d.) 400 mm
78. For members whose design is based on tensile
force, the slenderness ratio L/r preferably should not 84. The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in single
exceed _________. system shall not exceed ________. (NSCP 505.5.80)
a.) 200 a.) 140 mm
b.) 300 b.) 200 mm
c.) 250 c.) 250 mm
d.) 350 d.) 100 mm

79. For pin connected members, the allowable stress 85. The ratio L/r for lacing bars arranged in double
on the net area of the pinhole for pin connected system shall not exceed ________.
members is _________. (NSCP 504.4.1.1) a.) 140 mm
a.) 0.60 Fy b.) 200 mm
b.) 0.50 Fy c.) 250 mm
c.) 0.45 Fy d.) 100 mm
d.) 0.40 Fy
86. For members bent about their strong or weak
80. Other than pin connected members, the axes, members with compact sections where the
allowable tensile stress shall not exceed _______ on flanges continuously connected to web the
the gross area. (NSCP 504.2.1) allowable bending stress is _________. (NSCP
a.) 0.60 Fy 506.4.1.1)
b.) 0.45 Fy a.) 0.75 Fy
c.) 0.33 Fy b.) 0.60 Fy
d.) 0.66 Fy c.) 0.45 Fy
d.) 0.66 Fy
81. For pin connected plates, the minimum net area
beyond the pinhole parallel to the axis of the 87. For box type and tabular textural members that
member shall not be less than _______of the net meet the non compact section requirements of
area across the pinhole. (NSCP 504.4.2.1) section 502.6, the allowable bending stress is
a.) 3/4 ________. (NSCP 506.4.1.1)
b.) 2/3 a.) 0.75 Fy
c.) 3/5 b.) 0.60 Fy
d.) 1/3 c.) 0.45 Fy
d.) 0.66 Fy
88. Bolts and rivets connecting stiffness to the girder 94. The connections at ends of tension or
web shall be spaced not more than ______mm on compression members in trusses shall develop the
centers. (NSCP 507.5.3) force due to the design load, but no less than
a.) 300 mm _______% at the effective strength of the member
b.) 400 mm unless a smaller percentage is justified by
c.) 350 mm engineering analysis that considers other factors
d.) 250 mm including handling, shipping and erection. (NSCP
510.2.5.1)
89. Ira composite beam section, the actual section a.) 50
modulus of the transformed composite section shall b.) 70
be used in calculating the concrete flexural c.) 65
compressed stress and for construction without d.) 100
temporary shores, this stress shall be based upon
loading applied after the concrete has reached 95. When formed steel decking is a part of the
_____% of its required strength. composite beam, the spacing of stud shear
a.) 50% connector along the length of the supporting beam
b.) 60% or girder shall not exceed _______mm. (NSCP
c.) 80% 509.6.1.2)
d.) 75% a.) 800
b.) 750
90. Shear connectors shall have at least c.) 900
________mm of lateral concrete covering. (NSCP d.) 1000
509.5.8)
a.) 50 mm 96. The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with
b.) 100 mm thickness greater than 20mm is ________. (NSCP
c.) 25 mm 510.3.3.2)
d.) 40 mm a.) 10
b.) 8
91. The minimum center to center spacing of stud c.) 15
connectors along the longitudinal axis of supporting d.) 20
composite beam is ____________.
(NSCP 509.5.8) 97. The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with
a.) 6 diameter of connector thickness 6mm is ________? (NSCP 510.3.3.2)
b.) 10 diameter of connector a.) 3 mm
c.) 12 diameter of connector b.) 6 mm
d.) 5 diameter of connector c.) 8 mm
d.) 10 mm
92. The maximum center to center spacing of stud
connectors along the longitudinal axis of supporting 98. The minimum sizes of filler weld for plates with
composite beam is ____________. (NSCP 509.5.8) thickness over 12mm to 20mm is ________? (NSCP
a.) 8 diameter of connector 510.3.3.2)
b.) 6 diameter of connector a.) 8 mm
c.) 5 diameter of connector b.) 10 mm
d.) 10 diameter of connector c.) 6 mm
d.) 5 mm
93. Connections carrying calculated stresses, except
for lacing, sag bars and girts, shall be designed to
support not less than ________Kn of force. (NSCP
510.10.61)
a.) 30
b.) 50
c.) 26.70
d.) 35
 Structural Exit Exam April 2019

____9. Determine is the distribution factor (DF) for member AB.

CO1. Determine the values of reactions at a. 0 b. 0.545
the supports, values of shearing, force c. 0.455 d. 1
and bending moments of statically
determinate beams; ____10. The Final moment for member AB is shown to be
a. 35.7 kN-m b. -101.4 kN-m
c. 101.4 kN-m d. -174.3 kN-m
_____1. A hollow steel tube with a diameter of 100 mm must carry a
tensile load of 400 kN. Determine the stress of the tube.
____11. The Rotation for the moment for member AB is
a. 31.14 MN/m2 b. 63.66 MN/m2
a. Counter-clockwise b. Clockwise
c. 50.92 MN/m2 d. 80.24 MN/m2
c. All of the above d. None of the above
_____2. Determine the elongation of a rod having a diameter of
36mm with a length of 1000mm. A 400kN tensile load is exerted at
CO3. Draw the shear and moment diagram
the lower end. Assume that is E=200x103 N/m2.
a. 1.534 mm b. 3.142 mm ___12. What is the maximum moment of the beam shown? Ignore
c. 1.964 mm d. 1.473 mm the weight of the beam.
____3. A simple beam supports a 20 kN/m load occupying the whole 2.3 KN/M
span of 10m. The maximum moment developed is
a. 120 kN-m b. 150 kN-m
c. 160 kN-m d. 200kN-m ans: 250 kN/m
14 m. 4 m.
For No. 4 – 5: Using the figure below determine the following

a. 68.88 KN-m. b. 50.12 KN-m.

c. 84.2 KN-m. d. 137.76 KN-m.

___13. The point on the cross section of a member where a

transverse load must pass to minimize twisting
a. centroid b. shear center
____4. Determine the reaction (RA) at point A. c. torsional center d. center of mass
a. -40 kN b. 40 kN c. -80 kN
d. 80 Kn For No. 14 – 16: Using the figure below determine the following

____5. Determine the maximum moment of the beam. 12 kN/m

a. -40 kN-m b. 40 kN-m
c. -80 kN-m d. 80 kN-m

_____6. Compute the shear modulus of a steel if E=200,000Mpa and

the Poisson’s ratio is 0.50. 8m
a. 71428.57 MPa b. 67870.04 MPa
c. 76923.07 MPa d. 68670.06 MPa 14. Determine the reaction (RA) at point A.
a. -48 kN b. 48 kN c. -96 kN
_____7. A continuous beam simply supported over an 8 meter span d. 96 kN
carries a linearly increasing distributed load of 50 kN/m starting from
the left most portion until the center of the span. Determine the 15. Determine the maximum moment of the beam.
support at left most portion. a. -40 kN-m b. 40 kN-m
a. 33.33 kN b. 66.67 kN c. -96 kN-m d. 96 kN-m
c. 90.33 kN d. 133.33 kN
16. Determine the shear diagram of the beam.
CO2. Determine the of values of reactions at the A.
supports, values of shearing force and
bending moments of statically indeterminate
beams (continuous beams and restrained
beams) using the Three-Moment Equation
and the Moment Distribution Methods B.

____8. What is the distribution factor (DF) for a roller support at the
end of a beam?
a. 0 b. 1
c. M/2 d. None of the above C.

D.

a. A. b. C.
c. B. d. D.

For No. 9 –10: Using moment distribution method determine the

following unknowns for a two-span continuous beam shown. EI is
constant.
CO4. Design and investigate simple timber and
steel structures
 Structural Exit Exam April 2019

____31. the narrowest dimension between sides of forms,

____17. Modulus elasticity of steel is generally taken as a. 1/3 b. 1/4
a. 2 x 105 N/mm2 b. 2 x 106 N/mm2 b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
c. 2 x 106 N/mm2 d. 2 x 105 N/mm2
____32. the depth of slabs, or
____18. On a fillet weld, the normal distance from the root to the a. 1/3 b. 1/4
theoretical face of the weld is called the ____ of the weld
b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
a. Butt b. Face
c. Throat d. Base
____33. As stated in the NSCP 2010 provisions 407.7.1 for one-way
____19. What is the condition where the tension steel strain reaches slab design the minimum clear spacing between parallel bars shall
the yielding strain simultaneously with the concrete reaching the be either diameter of the bars or ___.
crushing strain which is usually 0.003? a. 25 mm b. 35 mm
a. balanced strain b. over reinforced c. 30 mm d. 40 mm
c. simply reinforced d. under-reinforced
____34. The Minimum bar spacing should not be less than the
____20. Design yield stress for steel in tension and compression is a. Diameter of the largest bar
a. 0.65 Fy b. 0.87 Fy b. Maximum size of aggregate
c. 0.75 Fy d. None of the above c. All of the above
d. None of the above
____21. Which of the following values can be used as 22. The
____35. The diameter of the stirrups according to the NSCP 2010
allowable stresses for tension in structural steel in terms of effective
should not be less than
net area is:
a. 6 mm b. 8 mm
a. 0.60Fu b. 0.40Fy c. 0.60Fy
c. 10 mm d. 12 mm
d. 0.50Fu
____36. The effective area in resisting shear of rolled and fabricated
_____22. True/ False : Wood is stronger when load is ┴ to the
shaped may be taken as:
grains.
a. Overall depth times the web thickness
a. True b. False c. Maybe d. Not Sure
b. Overall depth lines the flange thickness
*parallel
c. Flange width times overall depth
____23. What is the distance from the extreme fiber in compression
d. Overall flange thickness times width of flange
to the centroid of the tension steel area?
a. Tension depth b. extreme distance
____37. Inside diameter of bend for stirrups and ties for 16mm bar
c. Effective depth d. centroid distance
and smaller shall not be less than
a. 4d b. 6d
____24. The shear strength of a steel I-beam is dependent on the
c. 8d d. 10d
a. thickness of flange b. width of flange
c. thickness of web d.. area of web
____38. The allowable tensile stress of structural steel based on
effective net area is taken ___% of specified ultimate tensile stress.
CO5. Incorporate relevant provisions of the
a. 50 b. 60
National Building/Structural Code upon the
results of such design and investigations.
c. 75 d. 85

___25. Which of the following values can be used as a concrete CO6. Design/Investigate simple reinforced
concrete structures
cover for the primary reinforcement of concrete beams as per NSCP
2010?
____39. Slab should be design as one-way slab if the ratio (m) of
a. 20mm b. 75mm
the shorter side over the longer side of the slab is
c. 40mm d. 85mm
a. m>0.5 b. m<0.5
c. m=1 d. m=0
___26. The minimum outside diameter of pipe piles when used must
be? (NSCP 2010, 307.6.3)
For No. 40 – 45: Using Ultimate strength design, determine the
a. 250 mm b. 300 mm
unknown of the following, shown below is the cross-section of the
c. 350 mm d. 400 mm beam.
Given:
___ 27. As per NSCP 2010, the minimum slab thickness of slabs AT = 2580 mm2
shall not be less than ____ fc’ = 28 MPa
600mm
a. 100 mm b. 125 mm fy = 420 MPa
c. 150 mm d. 200 mm Es = 200 GPa
75mm
____28. In spirally reinforced or tied reinforcement compression
members, clear distance between longitudinal (vertical) bars shall not 375mm
be less than 40mm nor
a. 1.5 db b. 2.0 db c. 5.0 db ____40. Determine the minimum steel-concrete ratio (ρmin)
d. 1.0 db a. 0.0011 b. 0.0033 c. 0.0021
d. 0.0051
_____29. Based on the AISC, what is the maximum slenderness ratio
kL/r for tension members? ____41. Determine the actual steel-concrete ratio (ρmin)
a. 100 b. 200 c. 250 d. 300 a. 0.011 b. 0.033 c. 0.021
d. 0.051
_____30. The minimum reinforcement ratio provided by the code is
taken ___ / fy.
a. 1.0 b. 1.2 c. 1.4 d. 1.6 ____42. Determine the max. steel-concrete ratio (ρmax)
As per Section 5.3.3 of NSCP, the nominal maximum sizes of a. 0.0131 b. 0.0373
coarse aggregate should be greater than c. 0.0213 d. 0.0512
 Structural Exit Exam April 2019

____43. Which of the following assumptions holds true? a. Poisson Ratio b. Slenderness ratio
a. Concrete would yield first c. Rigidity Factor d. Stiffness Ratio
b. Steel would yield first
c. Concrete and steel would both yield ____59.The following are non -destructive tests in concrete EXCEPT.
d. None of the above a.Pulse velocity b.Pull-out test
c.Rebound hammer d.Penetration
____44. Find the depth of the equivalent stress block (a)
a. 101.210 mm b. 272.130 mm ____60.In a long column (slenderness ratio> 160) which of the following
c. 121.410 mm d. 216.302 mm has the greatest influence on its tendency to buckle under a compressive
load?
____45. Determine the maximum allowable moment (Mn) a.modulus of elasticity
a. 127.210 kN-m b. 476.020 kN-m b.compressive strength of the material
b. 221.760 kN-m d. 584.380 kN-m c.length of column
d.radius of gyration of the column
____46. In any one bundle, groups of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in
contract to act as a unit shall be limited to a maximum of ____61.Honey comb in concrete can be limited by the
a. three b. four a.use of chlordane chemical
c. five d. six b.use of admixtures in concrete mix
c.use of vibrator
_____47. The design is said to be under reinforced if the ρact is ____ d.NOTA
ρmin?
a. equal to b. less than ____62.Flexural members will overall depth to clear span of ratios
c. greater than d. none of the above greater than 2/5 for continuous spans, 4/5 simple spans, is known as
and should be designed as:
_____48.Piles that are driven at an inclination to resist forces that are a. Spandrel beams c. Deep beams
not vertical are called: b. Upstand beam d. Cross girders
a. batter piles c. slanting piles
b. spur piles d. all of the above ____63. To achieve the most economical design, the spacing of stirrups
at mid span section _______ compared to that of support section
_____49.A buried plate or block tied to and forming an anchorage for a. Must be equal b. Must be decreased
sheet pilling or for a retaining wall is a: c. Must be increasedd. None of the above.
a. Anchor Plate c. Dead Man
d. Block Plate d. NOTA ____64. What is the minimum concrete cover for primary reinforcement
of beams or columns not exposed to earth or water for precast
_____50.A method used advantageously in driving piled in sand, gravel manufactured under plant control conditions?
or soft packed clay due to high resistance offered by this materials to a. db but not less than 25mm
piles driven by hammer is called: b. db but not less than 15mm and need not exceed 40mm
a. Splitting c.Stream Hammer c. db but not less than 20mm and not to exceed 50mm
b. Jetting d. NOTA d. db but not less than 30mm

_____51.The most important factor affecting the strength of concrete is: ____65. For a multistory warehouse building with heavy floor loads (400
a. Water-Cement Ratio b. Void-Cement Ratio psf [20 kN/m2]) and moderate spans (to 30 feet [10m]), which of the
c. Quantity of Cement d. All of the above following types of reinforced-concrete slab would likely be most
appropriate? (Distance LN is identical in all cases)
_____52.The milk layer composed of cement and fine aggregate on the
upper surface of the concrete mass during curing process due to an
excess amount of water used:
a. Laittance c. Mortar
b. Groul d. Plaster

____53.The stresses that cause crack in reinforced concrete beams that

are vertical at the center of the span and become more inclined as they
approach the supports where they slope at an angle of about 45
degrees:
a. Shear Stress c. Vertical-Stress
b. Diagonal Tension d. Torsional Stress

____54. A bearing Pile surrounded by earth and supported entirely by

friction; carries no load at its end:
a. Load Bearing Pile c. Raymond Pile
b. Friction Pile d. Pre-cast Pile

____55. Have the effect of delaying the onset of hardening and usually
also of reducing the rate of the reaction when it does start.
a. Retardant c. plasticizer
b. Pozzolana d. NOTA

___56. Used to give plasticity or cohesion, mainly to mor5ars, but

sometimes also to concrete. They function by entraining large, amount of
air and they therefore reduce strength a. A b. B c. C. d. D
a. Plasticizer c. Air Entrainment
b. Pozzolana d. NOTA

____57. Means of spreading foundation loads over a wide are thus

minimizing bearing pressure and limiting
a. Strap Foundation b. Matt Foundation
c. Combined Foundation d. NOTA

____58.In the general column formula, the term L/r IS KNOWN AS:
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

____7. What is the max moment for a restrained

CO1. Determine the values of reactions at beam?
the supports, values of shearing, force a. wL2/8 b. wL3/12
3
and bending moments of statically C. wL /8 D. wL2/12
determinate beams;
_____8. Calculate the “second moment of area”
____1. A simple beam supports a 30 kN/m uniform of a rectangular section with base of 50mm and
load occupying the whole span of m. The maximum
height of 100mm.
moment developed is
a. 120 kN-m b. 135 kN-m a. 5000 mm4 b. 500000 mm4
c. 270 kN-m d. 540 kN-m c. 4166667 mm4 d. 343333 mm4

____ 9. Compute the shear modulus of a steel if

___2. From the simply supported beam shown,
calculate the reaction at A?
E=200,000Mpa and the Poisson’s ratio is 0.50.
a. 71428.57 MPa b. 67870.04 MPa
1000 kN c. 76923.07 MPa d. 68670.06 MPa

40 kN/m ____10. The 100-lb resultant of the four forces

500 kN.m
together with three of those four forces is shown
A B in the figure. Determine the fourth force.

RA RB
4m 4m 4m 6m 4m

a. 342.72 KN
b. 502.73 KN
c. 657.27 KN
d. 817.27 KN

___3. Calculate the “second moment of area” of a

rectangular section with base of 50mm and height of
100mm.
a. 5000 mm4 b. 500000 mm4
c. 4166667 mm4 d. 343333 mm4

____4.0. Two forces of 200 N and 300 N pull in a

horizontal plane on a vertical post. If the angle
A. 130.4 lb
between them is 85°, what angle does it make
B. 202.6 lb
with the 200-N force?
C. 342.5 lb
A. 32.1 degrees
D. 460.2 lb
B. 42.5 degrees
C. 52.9 degrees
D. 70.8 degrees
CO2. Determine the of values of reactions
at the supports, values of shearing force
____5. When a beam is loaded, the new position
and bending moments of statically
of its longitudinal centroid axis is called
indeterminate beams (continuous beams
and restrained beams) using the Three-
a) deflected shape b) parabolic curve
Moment Equation and the Moment
c) elastic curve d) inelastic curve
Distribution Methods
_____
6. From the simply supported beam shown,
calculate the reaction at B? ___11. The maximum bending stress a wood
beam must resist is 3000 ft-pounds. If the
maximum allowable bending stress is 1500
1000 kN
psi, what is the minimum section modulus
the beam, must have to resist bending?
40 kN/m
500 kN.m
A a. 10011.13 mm3 b. 20022.25 mm3
B
c. 33370.4mm3 d. 393,289.5 mm3

RA RB For No. 12 – 15: Using the figure below determine the

4m 4m 4m 6m 4m
following:

a. 342.72 KN
b. 502.73 KN
c. 657.27 KN
d. 817.27 KN
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

12. Determine the reaction (Rc) at point A.

a. -84 kN b. 84 kN
c. -168 kN d. 168 kN

13. Determine the maximum moment of the beam.

a. 84 kN-m b. 168 kN-m
c. 294 kN-m d. 336 kN-m A. 2.75 m
B. 3.25 m
C. 4.75 m
14. Determine the force reaction on A of given beam
D. 5.75 m
system.

___18. A point in each normal section of a

member through which the axis passes and about
which the section twists

a) centroid b) shear center

c) center of gravity d) none of the above

_____19. A simple beam has a span of 6m with

A. 22.08 kN two concentrated loads of 20KN each placed at
B. 125.0 kN the third points of the span. If the extreme fiber
C. 147.08 kN stress is 10MPa, determine the required section
D. 137.92 kN modulus.
a. 2x106mm3
b. 4x106mm3
CO3. Draw the shear and moment diagram c. 6x106mm3
d. 10x106mm3
15. From the given shear diagram shown, all shear
forces are all in kN, calculate the maximum ___20. Compute the shear modulus G of a steel having
concentrated load. a Poisson’s ratio of 0.30.
E
G=
2 (1+ )
A. 11153.85 MPa
B. 76923.08 MPa
C. 132453.85 MPa
D. 174432.12 MPa
A. 20 kN
B. 40 kN
CO4. Design and investigate simple timber
C. 25 kN
and steel structures
D. 30 kN
___21. The steel materials are to be butt joined
using a fillet weld. The thicker material is 8.5mm.
16. From the given shear diagram shown, all shear What is the minimum size of the fillet weld?
forces are all in kN, calculate the maximum negative
moment.
a. 3.0mm b. 7.5mm
c. 6.0mm d. 5.0mm

____22. The maximum bending stress a wood

beam must resist is 3000 ft-pounds. If the
maximum allowable bending stress is 1500 psi,
what is the minimum section modulus the beam,
must have to resist bending?
A. 30 kN-m
B. 10 kN-m a. 10011.13 mm3 b. 20022.25 mm3
c. 33370.4mm3 d. 4004451 mm3
C. 20 kN-m
D. 25 kN-m ___23. A wide flange section is used as a beam to
carry a total shear of 900KN. If the depth of the wide
17. From the given shear diagram shown, all shear flange section is 600mm, determine the required web
forces are all in kN, locate the point of zero moment thickness. Fy= 250Mpa.
from the right end. a. 20mm b. 25mm
c. 15mm d. 10mm
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

___24. A Wide-Flange Section W21x62 has a nominal ____32. The greatest stress which a material is
depth of ___millimeters. capable of developing without a permanent
a. 472 b. 533 deformation remaining upon the complete release
c. 635 d. 826
of stress is called
____25. How is camber treated in a steel truss
a) allowable stress
25 meters and longer?
b) moment of inertia
c) bending stress
a) camber shall be approximately equal to 1% of
d) proportional limit
the span
b) camber shall be approximately equal to the
____33. Is a horizontal truss system that serves
dead load deflection
the same function as a diaphragm?
c) camber shall be approximately equal to 0.8%
of the span plus 1/3 the dead load deflection
a. Building frame system b. Braced frame
d) camber shall be approximately equal to 0.5%
c. Horizontal bracing system d. Collector
of the span plus ½ the live load deflection

___26. The allowable stresses for tension in ____34. The modulus of elasticity of steel is
structural steel in terms of gross area is taken a. 100GPa b. 200GPa
___% of specified allowable yield stress. c. 200MPa d. 100MPa

a. 50 b. 60 c. 75 d. 85 _____35. What is the distance from the extreme

fiber in compression to the centroid of the
___27. The allowable tensile stress of structural steel tension steel area?
based on effective net area is taken ___% of specified a. Tension depth
ultimate tensile stress. b. extreme distance
a. 50 b. 60 c. Effective depth
c. 75 d. 85 d. centroid distance

___28. The allowable bearing stress on projected area CO5. Incorporate relevant provisions of the
between bolts and steel plate is taken ___ of F u.
National Building/Structural Code upon the
a. 0.3 b. 0.85
results of such design and investigations.
c. 1.0 d. 1.2

____29. Which of the following criterion is NOT ___ 36. Under the AISC Method of evaluating
applicable for plug and slot welds? the maximum safe load of a steel column, the
column constant is
a) the thickness of plug/slot welds in material
16mm or less in thickness shall be equal to the a. 2π2E b. π2E c. 5π2E d. 3π2E
thickness of the material √ Fy √ Fy √ Fy √ Fy
b) the minimum center to center spacing in a
longitudinal direction on any line shall be 2 times As per Section 5.3.3 of NSCP, the nominal
the length of the slot maximum sizes of coarse aggregate should be
c) the thickness of plug or slot welds in material greater than
over 16mm in thickness shall be at leas ½ times 37.____ the narrowest dimension between
the of the material but not less than 16mm sides of forms,
d) the width of the slot shall not be less than the a. 1/3 b. 1/4
thickness of the part containing it plus 8mm nor b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
shall it be greater than 2-1/2 times the thickness
of the weld 38____ the depth of slabs, or
a. 1/3 b. 1/4
___30. To determine the proper installation of b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
bolts in wood trusses, the nuts should be
39___ the minimum clear spacing between
a. welded to the washers individual reinforcing bars.
b. tight and the washers in uniform a. 1/3 b. 1/4
contact with the surface wood b. c. ¾ d. 1/5
c. tensioned by the “turn of the nut”
d. tight and washers embedded in the ____40. Which of the following criteria for
wood to depth equal to the washer thickness bundled bars, do NOT apply?

___31. The maximum deflection for a simply a. Bars larger than 32 mm shall not be bundled
supported beam with concentrated loads at in beams
midspan is equal to: b. Bundle bars shall be enclosed within stirrups or
a) PL3 b) PL3 ties
84EI 48EI c. Group of parallel reinforcing bars bundled in
c) PL3 d) PL3 contact to act as a unit shall be limited to four in
4EI 3E any one bundle
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

b) development length d) ratio and proportion

d. Individual bars within a bundle terminated
within the span of flexural members shall
___ 50. The allowable stress for compression members
___41. Roof liveloads shall be assumed to act: whose largest effective slenderness ratio of any
unbraced segment is less than the square root of
a. vertically upon the area projected on the [22E / Fy] as per AISC Standards is___.
horizontal
b. normal to the surface area of the roof a. {1 – [(kL/r)2 / 2Cc2]} * Fy/FS
c. vertically upon the surface area of the roof b. 122E / [23*(kL/r)2]
d. d. all of the above c. . 2E Fy / [1.6 – (L/200r)
d. d. 5/3 + 3(kL/r) / 8Cc – (kL/r)3 / 8Cc3
___42. It refers to the occupancy load which is
either partially in place or fully in place or may
___51. In computing net area, the width of a rivet or
not be present at all is called: bolt hole shall be taken as ___mm greater than the
nominal dimension of the hole normal to the direction
a) Live load b) Dead load of applied stress.
c) Concentrated load d) Distributed load
a. 1.2 b. 2.5
___43. The slenderness ratio of compression members c. 1.6 d. 2.0
shall not exceed____.
a. 300 b. 150 ___52. For relatively short fittings such as splice or
c. 400 d. 200 gusset plates used as statically loaded connecting
elements, the net area An shall not exceed ___% of
6. Ratio of unit stress to unit strain: the gross area Ag.
a) Ratio and proportion b) Moment
of Inertia a. 50 b. 60
c) Modulus of elasticity d) Slenderness c. 75 d. 85
ratio
___53. It is the ability of a material like steel to
undergo large inelastic deformation without failure.
___44. The recommended design value of k-factor for
a. malleability b. tenacity
both ends pin connected.
c. hardness d. ductility
a. 0.5 b. 1.0
c. 0.7 d. 2.0
___54. It is an imaginary distance from the centroidal
axis at which the entire area can be assumed to exist
___45. In T-beam construction, the flange and without affecting the moment of inertia.
web being built integrally, the width of the slab a. centroid b. shear center
effective as T-beam flange shall not exceed one c. eccentricity d. radius of gyration
quarter of the span length of the beam and the
effective overhanging flange width on each side ____55. In addition to consideration of
of the web shall not exceed: direct wind pressure on a building’s surface,
model building codes require consideration of
a) eight times the slab thickness which of the following?
b) one-half the clear distance to the next web
c) smaller of the above a. A roof uplift force of approximately 50 to
d) 500mm 75 percent of lateral pressure
b. A negative pressure of 4 times the
___46. The critical slenderness ratio is the upper limit positive pressure when the windward wall is open
of elastic buckling failure, where its average column c. A vibration load equal to lateral force at a
stress is equal to ___. frequency equal to the building frequency
a. 0.5Fy b. 1.0Fy
d. A 50 percent increase of pressure on
c. 0.75Fy d. 2.0Fy
windward walls in which windows occur
____47. Maximum usable strain at extreme
concrete compression fiber shall be assumed to ____56. In the strength design method (NSCP
be equal to 2015), the ultimate load is computed as:
a) 0.001 b) 0.002
c) 0.003 d) 0.004 a. 1.2 LL +1.6 DL b. 1.6DLx1.2LL
c. 1.6 LL + 1.2 DL d. 1.2DLx1.6LL

___ 48. It is the sidewise bending or displacement ____57. As a seismic requirement for flexural
accompanied by twisting about minor or weaker axis members where hoops are required. How are the
usually at the compression section. remaining portions of a beam treated with
a. yielding b. deflection
transverse reinforcement other than those
c. crippling d. buckling
required with hoops?
____49. In column, the ratio of its effective
length to its least radius of gyration is called a) Where hoops are not required, stirrups shall
be spaced at no more than d/2 throughout the
a. moment of inertia c. slenderness ratio length of the member
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

b) Where the hoops are required, cross ties shall CO6. Design/Investigate simple
be spaced at no more than d/3 throughout the reinforced concrete structures
length of the member
c) Where hoops are not required, hoops shall
continue except that spacing shall not be more ____ 66. What is a steel element such as wire,
cable,
than d/2
d) Where hoops are not required, closed stirrups bar, rod or strand, or a bundle of such elements,
shall be spaced at no more than d/4 throughout used to impart pre-stress to concrete?
the length of the member a) Pre stress cables b) Reinforcements
c) Tenon cables d) Tendon
____58. The minimum reinforcement ratio
provided by the code is taken ___ / fy. ____67 Good seismic design practice recognizes
a. 1.0 b. 1.2 of the following conditions as vertical
irregularities in the design of seismic-resistive
b. c. 1.4 d. 1.6
buildings?
____59. A composite member with laterally tied I. Reentrant corner
concrete around a steel core (of design yield II. Weight irregularity
strength not to exceed 350Mpa) shall have III. In-plane discontinuity in vertical
vertical spacing of lateral ties shall not exceed bracing
IV. Soft story
a) 16 longitudinal bar diameter or 48 tie diameter
b) ½ times the least side dimension of the a. I, II and IV only b. I, II, III and IV
c. II, III and IV onlyd. I and IV only
composite member
c) any of the above
d) none of the above _____ 68. A _______________ is a vertical
element that resists lateral forces in the plane of
the wall through shear and bending. Such a wall
____60. For beam with a slab on one side only,
acts as a beam cantilevered out of the ground or
the effective overhanging flange width shall not
exceed foundations, and part of its strength derives from
its depths. Examples are interior wall of a multi-
storey building, enclosing stairways, elevator
a) 1/12 the span length of the beam
shafts and mechanical chases which are mostly
b) 6 times the slab thickness
c) ½ the clear distance to the next web solid and run the entire height of the building.
d) any of the above
a. Tension Wall b. Shear Wall
c. Standing Wall d. Screen Wall
_____61. Which of the following method that is used
to taken into account the slenderness effect of columns _____69. Buckling of column can be reduced by
according to IS:456 - 2000 which of the following? Check the four that apply.
a. Reduction coefficient method A. Increasing the size of the member
b. Slenderness method B. Rotating the column
c. Moment magnification method C. Bracing the column
d. None of the above D. Changing the type of the restraints
E. Reducing the length of the column
_____62. According to IS:456, the diameter of the F. Reducing the radius of gyration
helices in circular a column shall be at least
a. The diameter of longitudinal steel
a. A, B, D, F b. C, D, E, F
b. One-half the diameter of longitudinal steel
c. A, C, D, E d. A, B, C, D
c. One-fourth the diameter of longitudinal
steel
d. Three-fourth the diameter of longitudinal ____70. In any one bundle, groups of parallel
steel reinforcing bars bundled in contract to act as a
unit shall be limited to a maximum of
_____63. The Maximum strength attained in concrete a) three b) four
in limit state design is generally taken as
c) five d) six
a. fck b. 0.67 fck
c. 0.45 fck d. 0.30 fck
____71. The purpose of prestressing concrete
_____64 The Pitch of helixes in circular columns shall members is to
not exceed
a. 25 mm b. 50 mm a. respond to the creep characteristics of
c. 60 mm d. 75 mm concrete
b. eliminate beam deflection
_____65. The Minimum pitch of the helical c. reduce tensile stresses resulting from loads
reinforcement in circular columns should be
d. transfer loads to non-structural members
a. 25 mm b. 40 mm
c. 50 mm d. 60 mm
 STRUCTURAL EXIT EXAM

January 2019

____ 72. A structure will have a better chance of _____78. Determine the maximum allowable moment
surviving an earthquake if which of the following is (Mn)
true? a. 444.444 kN-m b. 476.020 kN-m
b. 472.220 kN-m d. 584.380 kN-m
a. The load-bearing members are not equally
loaded _____78. Determine the maximum allowable moment
b. The structure has redundancy (Mn)
c. Principal members change section abruptly a. 444.444 kN-m b. 476.020 kN-m
d.All columns and walls are discontinuous. b. 472.220 kN-m d. 584.380 kN-m

_____73. The recommended deflection criteria due to _____79. Determine the minimum steel-concrete ratio
wind loading on a brick vender wall utilizing a metal (ρmin)
stud back-up system is: a. 0.00297 b. 0.00337
a. L/600 b. L/400 c. 0.00333 d. 0.00355
c. L/360 d. L/720
_____80. Determine the actual steel-concrete ratio
_____74. A building form that is ideal for resistance to (ρact)
earthquake forces would be characterized of the a. 0.0068 b. 0.0079
following? Check the two that apply. c. 0.0071 d. 0.0083
A. Symmetrical about a reentrant corner
B. Symmetrical in plan. _____81. Determine the max. steel-concrete ratio
C. Heavier at the base than at the top (ρmax)
D. Asymmetrical in plan a. 0.0205 b. 0.0227
E. Long linear plan c. 0.0209 d. 0.0229
F. Asymmetrical in elevation
_____82. Which of the following assumptions holds
a. A, F b. A, E true?
c. B, C d. C, D a. Concrete would yield first
b. Steel would not yield first
____ 75. For normal weight concrete, the modulus of c. Concrete and steel would both yield
elasticity of concrete Ec, may be taken as d. None of the above
a) 1700 b) 2700
____ 83. Determine the area of the steel
c) 3700 d) 4700
reinforcement (AT)
a. 1547.00 mm2 b. 1797.25 mm2
_____76. One-way concrete slab are used when: c. 1615.25 mm 2 d. 1888.25 mm2
a. The slab is being supported by two parallel beams
____84. In order to achieve economy, the spacing of
b. The slab has no cantilevered portion
stirrups at mid span section _____ compared to that of
c. The concrete slab is reinforced on the near bottom
support section
side
a. May be decreased
d. The concrete slab is sloping to the all side
b. May be increased
c. Must be kept equal
____ 77. For beam with a slab on one side only, the
effective overhanging flange width shall not exceed d. None of the above

a. 1/12 the span length of the beam _____85. Minimum steel required in slabs is mainly
b. 6 times the slab thickness controlled by the following consideration
c. ½ the clear distance to the next web a. Cracking on the tension side
d. any of the above b. Shrinkage and creep
c. Both (a) and (b)
For No. 78 – 83 Using Ultimate strength design, d. None of the above.
determine the following.

Material Properties:
f’c = 27.5 MPa
Fy = 415 MPa
Mu = 425 kN-m
Es =29000 GPa
650mm
685mm
3 @ 28mm ø bars

55mm

75mm 200mm 75mm

350mm