Advanced Edge Material 1

1. The given equation can be rewritten as        

x
x y .... log10  
log2   log2 2  log 2 ( x  y )  log2 2
2
z
 2   x
x y Now, log10    log 10 1  0
  2( x  y ) 2  x
2
Therefore, the required product = 0.
 a  b  ( a  b )( a  b  0)
7. We know that :
3 a 5 b
b 9 36 log 7 5  log 5 7  1. Thus, x 2  8 x  7  7. i . e . x 2  8 x  0.
   i . e . b is 36% of a.
a 25 100 So, x  0 or 8. Hence (c)

2. Since
8. Number of digits in 22013 can be found by taking its logarithm.
a b  the number of digits = log 22013
 we get log b a  log b c  log b b 2 .
b c = 2013×log2 = 2013 × 0.30102  606.
log b a  log b c
 (log b a  log b c)1 / 2  (log b a  log b c)  1.
2 9. Solving through option, a + 2b
3   9 
 log x 196  2 log x    log x 196    
3. As the logs are in AP, the numbers are in G.P. 2   4 
i.e. 3(3x+13/3) = 22x  log x (441)

 3 x 1  13  2 2 x
From the options x  1  3 x 1  13  22 10. xy  log 5 7 x log 7 5
x  2  3 x 1  13  40
log 7 log5
x  3  3 x 1  13  94 which is 
log 5 log 7
x  4  3 x 1  13  256
2 2 x  256 log 7 log 5
 1
 1
x  5  3 x 1  13  742
log 5 log 7 2
2

x  4
log 7 log 5
   4.
1 1
log 5 log 7
Given log10 x 2 y  5  2 log10 x  log10 y  5 2 2
4.
Also, log10 x / y 2  8  log10 x  2 log10 y  8
Solving for log x, we get log10 x  18 / 5

 x  10 5
18
11. log ( 2 )5
log x 3
5
10
4

LHS  2 log9 x  2
log3 x log x
 2  3  log3 x
 10 . log 5 (log x)  4
5. 22
3
log3 9 2
RHS  log3 (9 x)  log3 9  log3 x  2  log3 x 2
 log 5 (log 3
x) 
For no real value of x, LHS = RHS. 22 5
Hence, (a) 2
 5
 5

6. We have,  log 3
x   2 2 

 
x  x x  x
log10    log10    log10    ....  log10    log x2
a b c z 3
 
x  
x  
x  x
 log10    log10    log10    ....  log10    . x  3
a b c  x
x

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Advanced Edge Material 2

If log 3 (log x 2)  2
 8  log x 2  9
12. log 4 3  log 4  3x    2 log 4 (3 x  2)
 3 1

 x  29
  8  If log 3 (log x 2)  2
 log 4 3 3 x    log 4 (3x  2) 2
  3  1
 log x 2 
9
 8
 3 3 x    (3 x  2) 2  x  2 9.
 3 1

 The value of x can be either 2 9 or 2 9.

 3.3  8  (3 )  4.3  4
x x 2 x

 (3x ) 2  7.3x  12  0
 (3x  3)(3x  4)  0 16. Now, log 30 8  log 30 2 3
 3 log 30 2
 3 x  3 or 3 x  4
 30 
 x  1 or x  log 3 4.  3 log 30 
 15 
 3log 30 30  log 30 15
 3log 30 30  log 30 (3  5)
13 2 log 5 (3m  65)  log 5 (3m  17)  log 5 4  3(1  log 30 3  log 30 5)
 log 5 (3m  65) 2  log 5 4(3m  17)  3(1  a  b)
 (3m  65) 2  4(3m  17) Hence, (c)
 (3m ) 2  134(3m )  4293  0
 (3m  81)(3m  53)  0
17. 1 1 1 1
 3m  81 or 53 P    .... 
log 2 n log 4 n log 8 n log1024 n
 log n 2  log n 4  log n 8  ....  log n 1024
But log5 (3x-17) and log5 (3x-65) are defined only when
 log n 2  log n 2 2  log n 2 3  ....  log n 210
(3m  17), (3m  65)  0, i . e . when 3m  65  log n 2  2 log n 2  3 log n 2  10 log n 2
 3m  81  log n 2  (1  2  3  .....  10)  55 log n 2
m  4, i . e . the square of an intger

 22   22 
18. log 2  log   log 2   ....20 terms
14. a  log n 54  log n 2  3 log n 3  3  3 
b  log n 72  3 log n 2  2 log n 3  21 23..... 20   2 210 
log 1 23.....19   log 190 
Solving
3  3 
1 1
log n 2  (3b  2 a ) and log n 3  (3a  b )  2 210 
7 7 log 2  190   190  20 log 2 (2)
log n 1728  6 log n 2  3 log n 3 3
3  3

3 1 Hence, X  Y  192.
log n 1728  (5b  a )  (15 a  3b )
7 7

15. Since, given terms are in g.p., 19. x  (log 3 36 ) 3  (log 3 12 ) 3  3(log 3 4) 2

(log3 (logx 2))2  log3 2  log 2 9 x  (log 3 4  2) 3  (log 3 4  1) 3  3(log 3 4) 2

Let log 3 4  a
 
  x  ( a  2) 3  ( a  1) 3  3a 2 
 1
 (log3 (logx 2))  log3 2 
2
log 3 
2
( a  2  a 1)( a 2  4 a  4  a 2  2 a 1 a 2  3 a  2 )  3 a 2
1 2 
   x  9 a  7  log 3 ( 4 9  37 )
 2 
 log3 2  (4 log2 3)  3 x  4 9  37
 4(log3 2 log2 3)
20. log( 3 x  15)  log 2 3  log 2 (3 x  21)  log 2 (3 x  15)
4
 2 log 2 (3 x  15)  log 2 3(3 x  21)
 log3 (logx 2)  4  2
 log 2 (3 x  15) 2  log 2 3(3 x  21)
 (3 x ) 2  33(3 x )  162  0, (3 x  6)(3 x  27 )  0
3 x  6 or 27

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Advanced Edge Material 3
If 3x = 6, 3x  15 would be negative and log2(3x 15) would be Taking logarithms to the base 10 on both sides, we get
undefined. If 3x = 27, x = 3. log10 a  log10 b  log10 c  log10 10 65  65

21. Let log10 a  x, log10 b  y and log10 c  z

17 log30 m  3(logm 5  logm 6)  20(logm 10  logm 3)
17 log30 m  3 logm 30  20logm 30  ( x  y  z )  65 and xy  yz  xy  425
 17 log30 m  17 logm 30 Now, ( x  y  z ) 2  x 2  y 2  z 2  2( xy  yz  xz )
 17(log30 m  logm 30) 65 2  x 2  y 2  z 2  2( 425)
Since m  1, log30 m  1  x 2  y 2  z 2  3375  153
 log30 m  log30 m  2
x   15 
1 1
2
 y2  z2 3 3 3
 15.
Minimum value of the given expression is 17×2 = 34

7
 24   15 
22. 5  2 7
log 2 x
25. Option (a) : a  b  log    log   
1
1  25   16 
2
log2 x  log5 7
 24 15  9
log    log   c
7  25 16   10 
x  2log 5
1  24   15   10 
5log 7 y  2 Option (b) : a  b  c  log   log   log 
1 25
  16
   9
1
2
 log 24 log 15 log 10 
log7 y  log5 2       1
 log 25 log 16 log 9 
y  7 log5 2
x  y  2 log5 7  7 log5 2  24   15   10 
Option (c) : a  b  c  log   log   log 

 7 log 7 2  log 5 7
 7 log 5 2  7 log7 2 log5 7  7 log5 2
25
  16
   9

 7 log 5 2  7 log5 2  0  24 15 10 
 log      log 1  0
 25 16 9 
Hence, (d)
23. x = loga (3×5)
y = loga (32×5)
z = loga (3×52)
26. x(log 3 x) 2  6(log 3 x)  11  729
10125 = 81×125 = 34×53
The best way to quickly solve this question is by going Taking log to the base 3 on both sides-
through the options.
Checking for power of 5 in choice (a) [(log3 x) 2  6(log 3 x)  11] log 3 x  log 3 729
 [(log3 x) 2  6(log 3 x )  11] log 3 x  6
2x  4 y  2z
 log(5 2  5 4  5 4 )1 / 3 Suppose log 3 x  m
3
 log 510 / 3 , Not correct  (m 2  6m  11)m  6
 m 2  6m 2  11m  6  0
Similarly checking for other options, we get only for option
(c)  (m  1)(m  2)(m  3)  0
 m  1, 2 or 3
3x  4 y  z log a (33  53 )  log(38  5 4 )  log(3  5 2 )

3 3 Therefore, x can take 3 different values 3, 9 or 27.
1
Hence [d]
 log a (312.5 9 )
3
 log a (3 4.5 3 )  log a 10125
27. Since, log a1 , log a2 , log a3 ,..... are in A . P .
 a1 , a2 , a3 ..... must be in G . P .
So, a4  a1  d 3  24
24. The given expression is equivalent to
a7  a5  a1  d 6  a1  d 4  a1  d 4 (d 2  1)  144
log 10 a log10 b  log 10 a log10 c  log10 b log10 c  425  24d (d 2  1)  144
[log10 ab  log 10 a  log 10 b] or d (d 2  1)  6
Again, abc = 1065  d  2 & a1  3
      

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Advanced Edge Material 4

1 1 1 1
So, a1  a 2  a3 ....  a10  a1d  a1d 2  ....  a1d 9   . log 2 x  
3 6 log 2 x 2
 3(1  2  2 2  ......  2 9 )
(210  1) 1 1 5
 log 2 x    Put y  log 2 x
3 6 log 2 x 6
2 1
 3(1024  1)  3 1023  3069. y 1 5
  
6 y 6
 y 2  6  5 y
28.  2 log 8 x  4 log 64 y  6 log 512 z  2  y2  5y  6  0
 log 8 x  log 8 y  log 8 z  2
2 2 2
 ( y  6)( y  1)  0
 log 8 ( xyz) 2  2  y  6 or 1
 ( xyz) 2  64  log 2 x  6 or log 2 x  1
 ( xyz)  8( ( xyz) is positive)  x  2 6 or x  21
 ( xyz)  512
3 1
x or x  2
64
 ( x 2 y )( y 2 z )( z 2 x)  8.8.8
Applying AM  GM, we get that
x2 y  y2z  z2x
1

 ( x 2 y. y 2 z.z 2 x) 3
3 30. log x 5 (2 x  1)  1
 x 2 y  y 2 z  x 2 z  24 If log x 5 (2 x  1)  1, then x  5  2 x  1 or x  6
 Minimum possible value of ( x 2 y  y 2 z  z 2 x)  24 (OR)
If log x 5 (2 x  1)  1, then 2 x  1  ( x  5) 1
1 1
29. log 8 (2 x 2 )  log x    log 1 x     (2 x  1)( x  5)  1  2 x 2  9 x  6  0
2 4
2
1  9  129
LHS  log 8 (2 x 2 )  log x    log 1 ( x ) x
2 4
4
log 8 (2 x 2 )  log 8 2  log 8 x 2 for log x 5 (2 x  1) to be defined, x must exceed 1 / 2.
 log 8 2  2. log 8 x  9  129
this is satisfied only if x 
1 4
  2. log 8 x Hence, only 2 value are possible for x.
3
1 log 2 x
  2.
3 log 2 8
1 2
  log 2 x 31. 4 log 2 [log 2 ( x
2
 24 x )]
 17 log 2 ( x 2  24 x )  72  0
3 3
2
 24 x )
 ( 2 2 ) log 2 (log 2 ( x  17 log 2 ( x 2  24 x )  72  0
1 [log 2 ( x 2  24 x )]2  17 log 2 ( x 2  24 x )  72  0
log x    log x 2 1
2 Taking log 2 ( x 2  24 x )  a , we get a 2  17 a  72  0
  log x 2  a  8 or 9.
1 If a  8, x 2  24 x  2 8

log 2 x
x 2  24 x  256  0
log 2 x
log 1 ( x)  x  32 or 8
1
4
log 2  
4 Both32 and 8 satisfy the original equation.
log 2 x 1 If a  9, x 2  24x  512  0. The discriminant of the above
   log 2 x
2 2 equation is not a perfect sqaure.
We have
 x will not be an integer.
1 2 1 1 1  The given equation has only two integral solutions for x.
 . log 2 x   . log 2 x  
3 3 log 2 x 2 2

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