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Advanced Edge Material

Logarithms log c a
logb a =
If a = y, where a ≠ 1 and y > 0, then the
x
log c b
exponent x is called the logarithm of y to the 1
base a. It is written as logb c =
log c b
log a y = x
logb a = log c a × logb c
Hence, the above expression can be
represented either in exponential form or
logarithm form. Hence, there are few given
representation of expression.
Practice Exercise
1. If 23 = 8, then log 2 8 = 3
 1 2
1
1 1. log a   = − , find a.
2. If 16 4 = 2, then log16 2 =  36  3
4 a. 36 b. 1/36 c. 216 d. 81
−3
3. If 10 = 0.001, then log10 0.001 = −3
1 1 1 2. Solve for x, log 4 (log8 64 ) = log5 x.
4. If 27 −1 / 3 = , then log 27   = −
3 3 3 a. √5 b. 3√5 c. 5 d. 1/5
5. If a 0 = 1, then log a 1 = 0
3. Find the value of 2log 3 5 − 5log 3 2
Logarithm of 1 t any base is zero.
1 3
6. If a −∞ = 0, then log a 0 = −∞ a. b. c. 1 d. 0
2 2
Logarithm of 0 to any base greater than
unity is - ∞ 4. If log10 x + log10 5 = 2, find the value of x.
a. 10 b. 20 c. 5 d. 1
7. If a1 = a, then log a a = 1
Logarithm of any number to the same base is 5. Solve for x, log 3 (log 3
x) = 2.
always unity. a. 2√3 b. 3√3 c. √3 d. none of
these.
Laws of logarithms
1. logb 1 = 0 6. Solve for x, log3 (5 + x) + log8 8 = 22 .
2. log a a = 1 a. 20 b. 21 c. 22 d. 23
3. log a b × logb a = 1
4. logb (m × n ) = logb m + logb n 7. log( x + 3) + log( x + 5) = log 35, solve for x.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 5 d. 3.
m
5. logb   = logb m − logb n
n 8. log [log x] = 4, solve for x.
( )
3 5
6. logb m n = n logb m a. 216√3 b. 625√5 c. 625√2 d. 25√5
log a m
7. logb m = = log a m × logb a
log a b 9. Solve for x, 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑥𝑥 2 (70 − 33𝑥𝑥) = 1
8. 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑏𝑏𝛽𝛽 𝑎𝑎𝛼𝛼 = 𝛼𝛼𝛽𝛽 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 a. 35 b. 2 c. –1/2 d. – 1/35

9. b log b n = n 1
10. Find the value of log 27 .
81
Transformation of logarithm from one base
a. – 3 b. – 1 c. – 4/3 d. – 1/3
to another

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 2
Advanced Edge Material
11. If log10 6 = 0.7782, find the value of 22. Find the value of x, in
log10 36. log x 2. log x 16 2 = log x 64 2
a. 0.3891 b. 1.5564 c. 0.7782 d. 3.1128 a. 2 b. 1/2 c. 8 d. 7

3 log8 8 23. Solve for x, 2(log x) 2 − log x − 3 = 0.

12. Find the value of
2 log 8 8 a. 1/10 b. – 1 c. 1 d. 1/2
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
24. Solve for x,
log10 x + log 10 x + log 3 100 x = 27
13. Find the value of log343 49 .
a. 2 b. 3 c. 2/3 d. 1/3 a. 1 b. 106 c. 104 d. 10

14. Find the value of log3 2 54 × log5 2 34 log a log b log c

25. If = = , then which of the
b−c c−a a−b
a. 5 b. 3 c. 4 d. 2
following options holds true?
a. a b .b c .c a = 1 b. a abb c c = 1
15. Find the value of log3 27 + log 2 4 − log5 25 . c. a 2 ab 2b c 2 c = 1 d. a abbbc c ac = 1
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3
1
26. Solve for x, log 8
x=3
16. Find the simplest value of 3
a. 9 b. 21 c. 32 d. 24
log 7 7 7 7......∞
a. 0 b. 3 c. 1/2 d. 1

17. If x = 1 + log a bc , y = 1 + logb ca and

z = 1 + log c ab . Then which of the following
Answers:
option is holds true? 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b
a. xyz = xy + yz + zx b. xyz = 2x + yz 5. b 6. c 7. a 8. b
2 zx xz
c. xyz = d. xyz = 9. b 10. c 11. b 12. b
x+ y xy + yz 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. d
17. a 18. b 19. d 20. c
18. If log 3 2. log b 625 = log10 16. log 3 10. Find b. 21. c 22. c 23. a 24. b
a. 3 b. 5 c. 4 d. 1/2 25. b 26. c

19. Find the value of log9 27 − log 27 9 .

a. 9/11 b. 3/2 c. 1/2 d. 5/6

20. Find the value of log 2 (log3 81)

a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 1/2

21
21. Solve for x, log 2 x + log 4 x + log16 x =
4
a. 2 b. 1/2 c. 8 d. 7

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