Complex Sentence - ADVERBIAL Clause

ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

An adverbial clause is one type of dependent clause. It is distinct from other types of dependent clauses
because they function as an adverb in a complex sentence.  
A clause must contain a subject and a verb to be complete. So, if you see a group of words in a sentence
that acts as an adverb but does not have both a subject and a verb, it's just an adverbial phrase, not an
adverbial clause. For example:
She walked like an old lady. (phrase)
She walked as if she were heading to the gallows. (clause)
An adverbial clause can modify or describe verbs, adverbs, and adjectives.
As a dependent clause, adverbial clause cannot stand on their own and must be attached to an independent
clause.
The independent clauses in the sentence are enhanced with more detail by the addition of the adverbial
clause.

In general, adverbial clauses answer questions like when, where, why, and how. Look at the example.

The adverbial clauses are bold and independent clauses are underlined.
Because he has a college degree, he got a great job. (why)
When the storm started, she was at the store. (when)

Here are most common types of adverbial clause:

1. Adverbial Clause of Time. An adverbial clause of time shows when something happens. It is usually
introduced by time adverbs, such as before, after, as, when, while, once, until, as soon as, since, no sooner
than, as long as etc. For example: 
Once they saw the car coming, the birds flew away from the road.
2. Adverbial Clause of Place. An adverbial clause of place indicates a place or location. It is usually
introduced by the conjunction where and wherever (or everywhere in informal situation). For example: 
Wherever he goes, he makes friends.
3. Adverbial Clause of Cause. An Adverbial Clause of Cause or Reason indicates why the particular action
of the verb is taken. It is usually introduced by the subordinating conjunctions because, as, since,
and that. For example: 
The day felt long because we had nothing to do.
4. Adverbial Clause of Contrast. An Adverbial Clause of contrast is used to make two statements, one of
which contrast with the other or make it seem surprising. It is introduced by the subordinating
conjunctions like although, even though, whereas, and however. For example: 
I won't allow you to see that movie even though you are old enough to go.
5. Adverbial Clause of Manner. An Adverbial Clause of manner refers to how an action takes place. Some
of the subordinating conjunctions that introduce this clause include: as if, as though, so ... that ..., just ...
so. For example: 
Frank ran the race as though his life depended on it.
6. Adverbial Clause of Condition. An Adverbial Clause of condition gives the circumstances
under which the action in the main clause will take place. Common subordinating conjunctions
used to introduce adverb clauses of condition are: if, unless, whether, provided that, on condition
that and so long as. For example: 
Unless you ran fast, you will miss the bus.