IS MATTER AROUND US PURE?

Classification of Matter:
PURE SUBSTANCES – A pure substance
which contains only one kind of particles
and have a definite set of properties.
Two branches of Pure Substance:
1.ELEMENT-i) An element is defined as
basic form of mater that can not be
chemecially broken into simpler
substances.
ii)A substance made up of the atoms with
same atomic number.
Examples : Hydrogen,Oxygen etc.
THREE TYPES OF ELEMENT:
a).METAL:
Malleable,ductile,lustrous,sonorous ,good
conductor of heat and electricity.
Example: IRON,STEEL etc.
b).NON-METAL: Neither Malleable,not
ductile,not lustrous,not sonorous,poor
conductor of heat and electricity.
Example: Wood,plastics etc.
c).METALLOIDS: Contain both ( metal and
non-metal) properties.
Element having the properties that are
intermediate between metals and non-
metals.
Example: Boron,silicon,germanium etc.
2.COMPOUND: It is a fixed proportion of
mass .It is made up of two or more
elements.
Example: Water etc.
IMPURE SUBSTANCES(Mixture): i)It is
made up of two or more substances.
ii)It can be separated into its constituents
by physical properties.
Two types of Mixture:
1.Homogeneous mixture:i) Substances are
completely mixed together.
ii)They have uniform composition
throughout its mass.
Example: Sugar solution, Salt solution,etc.
2.Heterogeneous mixture:i) Substances
remains separate.
ii)They have non-uniform composition
throughout their mass.
Example: Milk,Blood,etc.
# SOLUTION: i)Transparent
ii)Homogeneous mixture of two or more
substance.
iii)Made up of SOLUTE and SOLVENT
Example: Salt solution and sugar solution
etc.
i)Solute: The substance which is dissolved
in liquid to make a solution is called
Solute.
ii)Solvent: The liquid in which solute
dissolve is called a Solvent.
PROPERTIES:
i)The size of a solute particles in a solution
extremely small, less than 1nm in
diameter.
ii)The particles of a solution can not be
seen by microscope.
iii)Particles of a solution pass through the
filter paper.
iv)Solution is very stable.
v)Does not scatter the beam of light.
CONCENTRATION OF A SOLUTION:
The amount of a solute present in a given
quantity of a solution.
*Three methods of expressing the
concentration of solution:
1.Mass by mass: Mass of solute /Mass of
solution x 100.
2.Mass by volume: Mass of solute/Volume
of solution x 100.
3).Volume by volume:Volume of
solute/volume of solution x 100.
Three types of solution:
1.Saturated solution:A solution which at a
given temperature dissolves as much
solute as it is capable of dissolving, is said
to be a saturated solution.
2.Unsaturated solution:When the amount
of solute contained in a solution is less
than the saturation level, the solution is
said to be a unsaturated solution.
3.Super saturated solution:A solution
which contains more of the solute than
required to make a saturated solution is
called a super saturated solution.