Chapter 1

Introduction

Background of the study

Essential oil smells great. This product can help you sleep, reduce stress and etc. There

are many types of essential oil like lavender, rose, hyssop, vetiver and many more. Essential oils

are pure oils that have been taken from a variety of plants and herbs for therapeutic purposes.

They can be utilized for cleaning, aromatherapy, health, and cosmetics.

According to Helen West, ingredients produced by plants are called essential oils. The

"essence" of the plant is captured by the oils, which is what gives each essential oil its unique

smell.  Essential oils are obtained physically, such as process of extraction, or by distillation

(using steam and/or water). After extraction, the aromatic compounds are mixed with a carrier oil

to produce a finished product that is ready for use. It concerns how the oils are created because

those obtained by chemical procedures are not thought of as genuine essential oils.

A concentrated hydrophobic liquid known as essential oil contains volatile active

ingredients from plants. Actually, essential oils are plant extracts. They are created by boiling or

pressing different plant fruit sections to extract the aromatic components. One bottle of essential

oil can be made from many ounces of a plant. Essential oil is commonly used in aromatherapy,

an alternative medicine method that uses plant extract.

According to Megan Ware, People regularly use the popular fruit lemons to flavor food

in small amounts. They rarely eat them by itself, although, because of their bitter, sour flavor. A

lack of vitamin C might cause health issues because it is essential for good health. Because

scurvy, a possibly deadly illness that was common among sailors, was well recognized to the

early explorers, they carried lemons on their long travels to help avoid or treat it.
 An article written by Katryn Watson stated that an ingredient that is totally natural and

can be used as a remedy at home is lemon essential oil. It is extracted from the fresh lemon peel

using steam extraction or, less regularly, a "cold-pressing" method that rotates and pricks the

peel to extract the oil. It can be diffused into the air and inhaled, as well as reduced and used

directly to the skin. Lemon essential oil is valued by some as a remedy for fatigue, depression,

skin clearing, eliminating harmful bacteria and viruses, and reducing inflammation.

The researchers considered making a lemon essential oil to know if it is effective. Instead

of buying it on stores, we can just make it at home and it's even cheaper because we only need

two ingredients, lemon, and virgin coconut oil.

This research will benefit other people by knowing the procedure on how to make one

and knowing the effects of using homemade lemon essential oil. In addition, our product is

environmentally friendly because it is made of lemon.

Statement of the problem

This study aims to determine if we can make an essential oil using lemon zest and

coconut oil. The experiment was conducted to be able to answer the following questions:

1. Is there a significant difference in using your homemade essential oil than store bought/factory

made?

2. How can you assure people that your homemade essential oil is effective?

3. What are the positive and negative effects of using your homemade essential oil?
Hypothesis

The study's research hypothesis also include the following:

HA: Yes, the homemade essential oil has a positive effect while using it.

HO: No, the homemade essential oil has a negative effect while using it.

Objectives

The study’s main objectives is to:

1. Create an essential oil using lemon zest and coconut oil.

2. Determine if this homemade essential oil is as effective as the store bought and factory made

essential oil.

3. Teach other people on how to make this homemade essential oil.

Significance of the study

The researchers aim to make effective essential oil using lemon zest and coconut oil. This

investigation wants to help other people in making one.

People. They can save money by making this product instead of buying expensive

essential oils. It can also save their time because they can no longer have to go to the store to buy

this product.

Environment. This product is not harmful to the environment since its ingredients are

eco-friendly.

Future Researchers. Making this investigation can serve as a guide for future researches

who might pick a topic related to this paper. The researchers will make every effort to guarantee

the reliability of this research.

Scope and Limitations

With the use of lemon zest and coconut oil, the researchers can explain the procedure of

how to make this product and see if it is effective. Since there are many sources of this

ingredient, getting these ingredients is easy.

This study mainly focuses on making an alternative essential oil using lemon zest and

coconut oil because it is expensive if you buy it in stores. The results of this study will show if it

is effective to use and has no harmful effects that may affect other people.

This research is limited for people who have little or no money to buy essential oils but

can afford to have these ingredients. In addition, this study will show how simple and easy it can

be for other people to make this essential oil.

Definition of Terms

1. Aromatherapy- the use of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils in massage or baths.

2. Alternative- available as another possibility.

3. Coconut- the flesh of a coconut, especially when used as food.

4. Determine- cause (something) to occur in a particular way; be the decisive factor in

5. Essential- absolutely necessary; extremely important.

6. Homemade- made at home, rather than in a store or factory.

7. Lemon- a yellow, oval citrus fruit with thick skin and fragrant, acidic juice.

8. Oil- a viscous liquid derived from petroleum, especially for use as a fuel or lubricant.

9. Remedy- a medicine or treatment for a disease or injury.

10. Zest- the outer colored part of the peel of citrus fruit, used as flavoring.
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter represents the literatures that are related and can guide the researchers in

gathering data applicable to the current study.

Related Literature.

Essential oils have a good smell, reduced stress levels, treat fungus infections, and

improve relaxation. They are concentrated plant extractions. The essence of a plant is

transformed into a liquid form through a process called distillation for a variety of medical and

alternate activities. Essential oils are available in a wide range. Some are valued for their

appealing scent and some said that they have great healing abilities. (Brennan, 2020)

Although essential oil have advantages, it also has some disadvantages like irritation and

burning, asthma attacks, and headaches. Always dilute oils with a carrier oil before applying it to

the skin. Apply a small amount to a small area of skin first to test for any reactions. While

essential oils may be safe for most people to inhale, some people with asthma may react to

breathing in the fumes. Inhaling essential oils may help some people with their headaches, but

inhaling too much may lead to a headache in others. (Johnson, 2019)

Lemon.

Lemon is one of the alternative ingredient that you may use in making an essential oil.

Lemon zest is the bright yellow, thinnest outer layer of a lemon. It can be easily found since

there are a lot of sellers of lemon everywhere. According to Melanie Fincher (2021), many
recipes — both sweet and savory — will call for lemon zest when a dish just needs that extra

zing. Grated lemon zest is commonly used in baking, sauces, marinades, and salad dressings.

Larger zest pieces work well for garnish on cakes, pies, and most famously on cocktails like a

classic lemon drop martini.

Adda Bjarnadottir (2019), they grow on lemon trees and are a hybrid of the original

citron and lime. There are many ways to enjoy lemons, but they taste very sour and are usually

not eaten alone or as a whole fruit. Instead, they’re often a garnish with meals, and their juice is

often used to provide a sour flavor. They are a key ingredient in lemonade. A great source of

vitamin C and fiber, lemons contain many plant compounds, minerals, and essential oils. These

yellow fruits also have many potential health benefits. Eating lemons may lower your risk of

heart disease, cancer, and kidney stones.

Coconut oil.

Coconut oil may be good for the skin because it is rich in oils and very moisturizing. It is

easy to apply directly to the skin and poses few known risks. The benefits of using coconut oil

for the skin are varied and may include: moisturizing dry skin, including in people with

conditions such as eczema, reducing inflammation, which may result from UVB rays, promoting

wound healing antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. (Dresden, 2022)

Rachel Links (2019), in wet processing, coconut oil is obtained from raw coconut meat

— instead of dried — to create virgin coconut oil. This helps retain the coconut scent and results

in a lower smoke point. While refined coconut oil may be better suited for cooking at high

temperatures, virgin coconut oil is a better choice in terms of skin health. Not only does most of
the existing research focus specifically on the effects of virgin coconut oil, but there’s also

evidence that it may have added health benefits.

Related Studies

According to Kathryn Watson, during three stress test experiments, lemon essential oil

was an effective tool for calming and raising mood. The same study came up with the conclusion

that lemon essential oil was better than lavender and rose essential oils in terms of its ability to

reduce stress.

One of the many essential oils that can prevent harmful bacteria that might develop on

your skin is lemon oil. It has been proven that lemon essential oil is useful in treating bacteria

strains. This is a great option for treating minor wounds topically. Zia Sherrell (2022), Lemon

essential oil has been used for a wide range of skin conditions, from abscesses and boils to warts,

wounds and acne.

 Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter specifically explains the methodology and general procedures that cover

every step of the process, from preparing the materials and treatments to collecting the data that

will be studied in the following chapter.

Research design

This study's experimental method is used to create homemade essential oils from coconut

oil and lemon zest. A study that carefully follows a scientific research design is called

experimental research. It consists of a hypothesis, a variable that the researcher can control, and

variables that can be measured, calculated, and compared. Most significantly, experimental

research is conducted out in a safe environment.

Research locale.

The product experimenting was conducted at Inosluban Lipa Cty, Batangas.

Subject of the Study

In this study the researchers are assigned to investigate the effectiveness of lemon zest

and coconut oil for ingredients in making homemade essential oil. The followings are the

proposition that the researchers came up:

1. The researchers used lemon and coconut oil make and produce essential oil that can be

comparable to commercial ones.

2. The researchers checked quality of the homemade essential oil and observed the product.
 3. The researchers compared and contrast the quality of the product to the commericial ones

Materials and Equipment

Materials and 7Ingredients used for preparation.

1. Llanera 5. Grater

2. Spoon 6. Pot

3. Lemon 7. Water

4. Strainer 8. Coconut oil

Collection of materials

All of the materials are identified. The ingredients and materials that needed in this study

would be taken as it is available at any household or any store. The lemon and coconut oil was

bought on a store.

Procedures

The researchers' methodology and approach have been reviewed to make sure that this

study will result in information, A YouTube video that explains how to make homemade

essential oil using lemon zest and coconut oil served as the inspiration for several of the study

techniques.

I. Wash the lemon and pat dry.

II. Use grater or peeler to scrape the yellowish skin of the lemon.
 Figure 1.1

Mixing the lemon zest and Coconut oil

III. Pour ½ cup of coconut oil in a bowl

IV. Add the lemon zest and mix to combine

V. Put a water on a pot and boil it.

VI. Put the bowl with lemon zest and coconut oil in the boiling water.

Figure 1.2

VII. Cool it for a few minutes then strain the mixture.

Figure 1.3