Adjective Clause

Relative pronoun:
Who -> person / that
Whom -> person / that
Whose -> person/non-person (possessive)
Which -> non person / that

Where -> place

When -> time

Main clause: We saw Derry.

Sub clause: He is my friend.
We saw Derry who is my friend.
Sub clause: Jack met him yesterday.
We saw Derry whom Jack met yesterday.
MC: She bought a house.
SC: It was pretty.
She bought a house which was pretty.

MC: Dana is the smartest girl in our class.

SC: Her father is a university lecturer.
Dana whose father is a university lecturer is
the smartest girl in our class.

1. I remember the day (adverb of time)

when (ketika) I met you.
2. I remember the day (noun) which
(yang) was glorious.
3. We went to the place (noun) which is
luxurious.
4. We went to the place (adverb of place)
where (dimana) my brother works.
Exercise 2
6. … it is raining, we shouldn’t go out.
a. Because
b. Because of
c. For
d. But
Because of the rain, we shouldn’t go out.

7. I have got a house, …. I haven’t got a car.

a. yet
b. or
c. but
d. for
8. The quince is an attractive shrub or small
tree … closely related to the apple and pear
trees.
a. is.
b. that/which is.
c. that it is.
d. is that which.

9. The birds … taken by the police are the

hummingbirds.
a. who are
b. which are
c. whom is
d. who is
10. The photographs of Carrie Mae Weems,
… she often makes her family members her
subjects, are an affectionate and incisive
representation of the African American
experience.
a. in whom.
b. in who.
c. who.
d. in which.

11. There were some students whom who +

were (verb/to be) knowledgeable about
some structural injustices and oppressions,
yet they did not know what to do with this
knowledge.

12. I have called him many times, but I

haven’t hadn’t been able to reach him.
13. Scientists believe the first inhabitants of
the Americas arrived by crossing the land
bridge that connect connected Siberia and
what is now Alaska.
14. Margaret Brent, because because of
her skill in managing estates (phrase),
became one of the largest landholders in
colonial Maryland.
15. Chemistry materials were discussed
neither either on Physics class or on Biology
class.

16. The Armory Show, (which was) held in

New York in 1913, were was an important
exhibition of modern European art.
17. Ripe fruit is often stored in a place who
which contains much carbon dioxide so that
the fruit will not decay too rapidly.

18. The main purpose of classifying animals

are is to show the most probable
evolutionary relationship of the different
species to each other.
19. Philip has + worked (V3) work as a
salesperson for ten years in both the United
States and Canada.

20. Three of every four migrating water

birds in North America visits visit the Gulf of
Mexico’s winter wetlands.

Preposition
1. To see what happened, he started to
walk ____ the place where the sound had
come.
A) onto
B) in
C) after
D) across
E) towards -> menuju

2. Escaping from its cage, my little bird flew

____ the open window.
A) out
B) of
C) out to
D) through -> melalui
E) down
3. A child was trying to climb ____ the tree
to see what was ____ the nest.
A) onto / in
B) into / -
C) out of / beside
D) by / -
E) up / inside

4. Can we drive to Edirne ____ highway

road from Istanbul?
A) by
B) on
C) with
D) way
E) via
5. Yesterday, the thieves broke ____ my
house and stole my watch and money.
A) onto
B) inside
C) with
D) out of
E) into
 Conditional Sentences
1. Type 0
If water is heated at 100 C, it boils.
Stating fact.

2. Type 1
If she wants to study tonight, she
will/may/must/have to/has to/can/shall
+ call (Vbase) you.
She will tell you if she is happy here.
Future fact is possible to happen

3. Type 2
If Linda were here, she
would/might/must/had to/could/should
+ know (Vbase) what to do.
Linda is not here, we don’t know what to
do.
 Linda would know what to do if we did
the project.

4. Type 3
If she had wanted to study tonight, she
would + have + called (V3) you.
Fact: She didn’t want to study, she didn’t
call you.

She would have told you if she had been

happy here.
 Conditional exercise
1. If it ____ during the night, the streets
would + have + been (modal perfect) wet.
But now the streets are dry.
A) rained
B) has rained
C) had + rained (V3) -> past perfect
D) have been raining
E) would have rained

2. If you ____ more carefully, you wouldn't

be dealing with so many mistakes now.
A) could work
B) work
C) might have worked
D) worked (V2)
E) had worked
3. If one gives that dog a bone, he ____ it
right away. He is a digger.
A) buried
B) won't bury
C) would bury
D) could bury
E) will bury

4. If you ____ a grammar book, you can

take mine.
A) needed
B) would need
C) need
D) will need
E) might need