GRACE MISSION COLLEGE

Catiningan, Socorro Oriental Mindoro

“Training and completing a race builds endurance and can teach us what it’s like
to persevere in love and to stay in step with the Spirit through life” – 2 Timothy
4:7-8

UCSP 11
2ND Quarter Week 1-3

NAME: ______________________________ DATE: _______________

GRADE: __________________ SCORE: ______________

TOPIC: Kinship
INTRODUCTION
The lesson is about Kinship. Humans create families through marriage and
residency patterns to ensure the survival of their offspring and to maintain social order
by creating regulations on mating and reproduction practices. Socially, families become
the primary source of enculturation experiences of individuals through which they
become acquainted with their roles and the values of the society. The concept of the
family is not limited to blood relations but can extend to kinship relations based on
marriage and rituals.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, I can:
 Trace kinship ties and social networks.
 Compare different types of kinship based on lineage.
 Discuss the functions of family and marriage.
 Identify the different types of families based on the number of spouses and
residential patterns.
PRE- ASSESSMENT
Directions: Write HEY if the statement is correct, and HOY if the statement is false.
Write your answer in the space provided.
______________1. Kinship refers to the “web of social relationship” that humans form
as part of a family, which is the smallest unit of society.
_______________2. Matrilineal descent leads an individual to trace kinship relations
through the female’s line.
_______________3. Extended Family is a type of family has several married couples
and their children living in one household.
_______________4. Patrilineal descent, an individual traces his or her kinship through
the male’s line only.
_______________5. Ferraro and Andreatta (2010) defined family as “a social and
economic unit that consists of one or more parents and their children.”

DISCUSSION
Kinship refers to the “web of social relationship” that humans form as part of a
family, which is the smallest unit of society. Ferraro and Andreatta (2010) defined family
as “a social and economic unit that consists of one or more parents and their children.”
There are several points that you can learn from this definition.
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro Oriental Mindoro

1. A family is a socioeconomic unit

2. A family can have one or more parents.
3. A family can have parents who are not married.
4. A family can have parents with same gender.
5. A family should at least one child.
Kinship by Blood
One factor that allows an individual to identify another individual as a family
member is through consanguinity, popular called as blood relatives. This type of kinship
links individuals based on their genetic relations. This is referred to as descent or the
socially accepted connection between an ancestor and its succeeding generation.

Unilineal Descent
This allows an individual to be affiliated to the descent of one sex group only –
either the male or female. There are two types of unilineal descent: matrilineal descent
and patrilineal. Matrilineal descent leads an individual to trace kinship relations through
the female’s line. This implies that the surname and inheritances of a family are passed
on from one female to the other. In patrilineal descent, an individual traces his or her
kinship through the male’s line only. This promotes a passing down of name and
inheritance to the male offspring only, while allowing the female offspring to be part of
another family through marriage.

Bilateral Descent
Unlike the unilineal descent that tends to focus on one line of a kinship, bilateral
descent allows an individual to trace kinship ties on both sides of the family. This means
that an individual can recognize both his or her parents’ relative s as his or her own
relatives.in this type of kinship, everyone knows how he or she is connected to
everyone.

Kinship by Marriage
Marriage is defined as the “socially or ritually recognized union or legal contract
between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between them, between them
and their children, and between them and their in-laws (Haviland et al., 2011). It is
believed that all societies have a form of marriage it a cultural universal.
There are four types of families based on marriage systems: patrifocal, and
matrifocal, monogamous, polygamous, and extended.
Patrifocal and Matrifocal
This type of family is focused on one parent: a father(patrifocal) or a
mother(matrifocal). This type of family is often associated with the terms patriarchal, the
rule of the mother.
Monogamous
This type of family consists of a single couple and their child or children. This is
also referred to as the nuclear family. Most societies in the world have this type of
family. Serial monogamy occurs in societies where remarriage is allowed after a divorce
or death of the other spouse.
Polygamous
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro Oriental Mindoro

This type of family consists of several parents and their children. There are two
types of polygamy: polyandry and polygyny. Polyandry is a marriage pattern wherein a
woman is allowed to marry several men. Polygyny is a marriage practice that allows a
man to marry several women. Most Islamic societies allow this practice.
Extended family
This type of family has several married couples and their children living in one
household. This can consist of the married parents and their married children living in
one house.
Reconstituted Family
Though not part of traditional categories families, reconstituted family are a
growing percentage of household classification in countries allowing divorce and legal
separations. Such families consist of spouses and children whom the spouses may
have had prior to their marriage or union.

Postmarital Residency Rules

One of the biggest questions that newlyweds have to answer is where to live and
build a family after marriage. Every society has its own rules and traditions on post-
marital residency. Anthropology has identified seven major residency patterns:
patrilocal, matrifocal, avuncolocal, neolocal, natalocal, matrifocal, and andambilocal.
Patrilocal Residence
Upon marriage, the woman is expected to transfer to the residence of her
husband’s father.
Matrilocal Residence
Upon marriage, the man is expected to take residence with his wife’s mother
area, where they are expected to raise their children and integrate them to maternal
line, creating a matrilineal descent.
Neolocal Residence
This is an arrangement that requires both spouses to leave their household and
create their own at times even in a different locality.
Avuncolocal Residence
This is a complex residence pattern as it requires two residence transfers.
Natalocal Residence
This arrangement allows both spouses to remain with their own households after
marriage.
Matrifocal Residence
This type of residency rule arises when the father is economically and physically
unable to provide support for the family.
Ambilocal Residence
This type of residence pattern allows the couple to choose to live either with the
wife’s mother’s area or the husband’s father area.

Activity 1
Directions: Write the definition of the given below.
1. Reconstituted Family
2. Unilineal Descent
3. Kinship
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro Oriental Mindoro

4. Marriage
5. Polygyny

Activity 2
Directions: Research one example of polygamous. Paste a picture and briefly discuss.

Activity 3
1. What is the difference between a patrilineal and matrilineal descent.
2. What are the functions of marriage?

POST – ASSESSMENT
Directions: Write HEY if the statement is correct, and HOY if the statement is false.
Write your answer in the space provided.
______________1. Kinship refers to the “web of social relationship” that humans form
as part of a family, which is the smallest unit of society.
_______________2. Matrilineal descent leads an individual to trace kinship relations
through the female’s line.
_______________3. Extended Family is a type of family has several married couples
and their children living in one household.
_______________4. Patrilineal descent, an individual traces his or her kinship through
the male’s line only.
_______________5. Ferraro and Andreatta (2010) defined family as “a social and
economic unit that consists of one or more parents and their children.”

Prepared by:

Mark Vincent L. Tabin

Teacher

Inspected / Checked by:

Babylyn M. Mendoza
Principal