FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022

ALGEBRA I = {... -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ...} Examples:

DEFINITION 3. Rational Numbers (Z) – are numbers which can be 9+(6+3) = (9+6)+3
expressed as a quotient (ratio) of two integers. The term
Algebra - A branch of mathematics that substitutes letters for numbers. “rational” comes from the word “ratio”. ( 6.3 ). 4 = 6. ( 3.4 )
-can include real numbers, complex numbers, matrices, vectors etc.
Examples: 0.7, 4/7, -5, 0.555…
- allows the operations of arithmetic, such as addition, subtraction, Identity Property:
multiplication, to be performed without using specific numbers. 4. Irrational Numbers – (Z’) – are numbers which cannot be
expressed as a quotient of two integers. For any real number a, there exist two real numbers 0 and 1, called
THE REAL NUMBER SYSTEM the additive identity and multiplicative identity, respectively, such that
Examples: , e, π a+0 = a and a-1=a
The Number and the Set of Real Numbers Examples:
Note: The numbers in the examples above can never be
expressed exactly as a quotient of two integers. They are in 2+0=2
Real Numbers fact, a terminating and non – terminating decimal. 2.1=2
Inverse Property:
❖ Positive integers except 1 can be classified as For any real number a, there exist two distinct real numbers
either prime or composite. –a and 1/a, called the opposite od a (or additive inverse of a) and
reciprocal ( or multiplicative inverse of a), respectively, such that
Rational Irrational ❖ The number 1 is neither prime nor composite. a+(-a) =0 and a(1/a)=1
Prime numbers are those integers greater than 1
Numbers Numbers whose only factors are 1 and itself. Note: a = 0 for multiplicative inverse property.

Composite numbers are expressed as a product Examples:

Integers of two or more factors.
Given Additive Inverse Multiplicative Inverse
6 -6 1/6
Properties of Real Numbers 2/3 -2/3 3/2
Whole Negative -3/7 3/7 -7/3
Numbers Closure Property: -8 8 -1/8
Numbers
If a and b are real numbers, then a + b (their sum) and ab (their
product) are unique real numbers. Distributive Property:
Zero Natural
Example: Given two real number, 3 and 5; their sum 8, and their If a, b, and c are real numbers,
Number product 15, are also real numbers.
s a(b+c) =ab+ac
The number system is divided into two categories namely, real numbers Commutative Property:
and imaginary numbers. Example:
If a and b are real numbers, a. 2 (3 + 5) = 2 (3) + 2 (5)
Real Numbers are classified as follows: a + b = b + a and a b = b a b. 2 (x + 6) = 2 (x) + 2 (6)
Examples:
1. Natural Numbers (N) -also called positive integers. 5.3 = 3.5
- considered as the counting numbers and used when you are 3+9 = 9+3 LAWS OF EXPONENTS AND RADICALS
counting one to one objects.
am
1. am an = am+n 2. = am − n
N = {1, 2, 3,…} Associative Property: an
(a ) (ab)
n m
2. Integers (I) - include whole numbers and their opposites. The 3. m
= amn 4. = ambm
opposite of a whole number is the negative of that number. If a, b, c are real numbers,
m
The number 0 is also considered an integer, but 0 is the a + ( b + c ) = ( a + b ) +c and a ( b c ) = ( a b ) c a am 1
opposite of itself. 5.  b  = bm 6. a −m =
  am

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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022
1
7. a0 = 1 8. n
a =a n
1 Sample Problem
1 1 1
9. n m
a = a mn
10. n
ab = n a n b 1 2 1 1. Solve for x in the given sets of equation
1 3 3 1 4 x + 2 y = 5 , 13 x – 3 y = 2
a n
a m 1 4 6 4 1 a) ½ b) 3/2
11. n = n
12. n
am = a n
1 5 10 10 5 1 c) ¼ d) 3/4
b b
Properties :
2. Solve for x in the given sets of equation.
SPECIAL PRODUCTS AND FACTORING
Solve for x in the expression 8x = 2y + 2 and 163x − y = 4y
1. The first term is x n
2. The last term is y n
1) a ( x + y ) = ax + ay 3. The succeeding term contain xy in which the exponent of x a) 1 b) 3
decreases by 1 and the exponent of y increases by 1 and the c) 2 d) 4
2) ( x + y )( x – y ) = x2 – y2 sum of the exponents in each term is always equal to n
4. The number of terms in the expansion is always equal to n+1 QUADRATIC EQUATION
3) ( x +/- y ) 2 = x2 +/- 2xy + y2
- A quadratic equation is of the form a x2 + b x + c = 0
4) ( x + a)( x + b) = x2 + ( ax + bx ) + ab ● To find the r th term of the expansion ( x + y ) n :
METHODS OF SOLUTION
5) ( ax + b )( cx + d ) = acx 2 + ( adx + bcx ) + bd
1. FACTORING
n!
6) ( x +/- y ) 3 = x3 +/- 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 r th term = x (n−r +1) y (r −1) 2. COMPLETING THE SQUARE
(n − r + 1) ! (r − 1)! 3. QUADRATIC FORMULA

ILLUSTRATIVE PROBLEM − b b2 − 4ac

● To find the sum of exponents in all terms in the expansion x =
2a
1. (Board Problem)
Solve for the value of x in the given equation. S=(n+1) n
4 3 Where : b2 − 4 ac is called the discriminant
8 2 8x = 2 ● To find the sum of numerical coefficients in the expansion
Substitute x and y = 1 , provided the binomial does not contain If b2 − 4 ac = 0 the roots are real and equal
2. Simplify the expression to its lowest possible term any constant
If b2 − 4 ac  0 roots are real and unequal
a) 1 / a b) a
c) 1 d) - a Sample Problem If b2 − 4 ac  0 roots are imaginary or complex nos.
1
1. To find the rth term of the expansion ( x + y ) 4 b c
a Sum of roots = − Product of roots =
a a
a2 * a 2. Find the sum of the coefficients of the expansion ( x + y ) 4
1 a) 16 b) 18
Sample Problem
a c) 20 d) 24
1. Solve for the roots of the given equation : x 2 + 2x – 8 = 0
3. Factor completely : 3. Find the sum of all the exponents in the expansion ( x + y ) 3
a) 65 b) 81
6 x + 3 y + 2 mx + my c) 72 d) 12
THE FACTOR THEOREM
4. Factor the expression : 4 m2 – n2 + 6 n - 9 - If ( x – r ) is a factor of f(x) then, f(r) is equal to zero and r is
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATION
5. In the expression 4 2x +1 = 1024 , solve for the value of x + 1 one of the roots of the polynomial.
METHODS OF SOLUTION
BINOMIAL EXPANSION THE REMAINDER THEOREM
1. ELIMINATION BY SUBSTITUTION
The Pascal’s Triangle 2. ELIMINATION BY ADDITION OR SUBTRACTION - If ( x – r ) is not a factor of f (x) then f(r) is not equal to zero
- Is a triangular form of number which represent the coefficient of 3. DETERMINANTS ( CRAMER”S RULE ) then, f(r) is the remainder of the polynomial.
the binomial expansion of ( x + y ) n.
-
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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022

Sample Problem RATE PROBLEM Sample Problems

1. In the given function x3 + 3x2 – 5x + 2, is ( x – 2) a factor of the DISTANCE = RATE X TIME 1. Laulix was 6 times as old as Reiand 6 years ago. Four years from
function ? now Laulix will be 4 times as old as Reiand. How old is Laulix and
OBJECT MOVING AGAINST THE CURRENT Reiand now ?
2. Find the value of k for which ( x – 2 ) is a factor of the function ( UPSTREAM / HEAD WIND )
3 x2 + 4k x – 5 . 2. In how many years will the age of Asdie is four times the age of
DISTANCE = ( x - y ) ( time ) Benny, if Asdie now is 58 years old and benny is 10 years old ?
WORDED PROBLEMS a) 2 b) 4
c) 6 d) 8
NUMBER PROBLEM OBJECT MOVING WITH THE CURRENT
( DOWNSTREAM / TAILWIND ) MIXTURE PROBLEM
CONSECUTIVE NUMBERS
x = first integer “ SUM OF ALL VOLUMES OF AN INGREDIENT IN THE
DISTANCE = ( x + y ) ( time )
x + 1 = second integer INDIVIDUAL SMALL MIXTURES IS EQUAL TO THE TOTAL
x + 2 = third integer and so on . . . VOLUME OF THE INGREDIENT IN THE FINAL MIXTURE “
Where : x = rate of the object in still water or air
y = rate of the current
CONSECUTIVE ODD OR EVEN NUMBERS % % %
x = first odd / even integer
x + 2 = second odd / even integer + =
Sample Problems
x + 4 = third odd / even integer and so on . . . x y x+y
1. Two cars starting from the same point and at the same time are
sum of individual mixtures = total volume final mixture
moving towards the city. Five hours later the slower car, averaging
DIGIT PROBLEM 10 mi / hr. was 5 miles behind. What is the rate of the faster car ?
Sample Problems
a) 9 mi / hr b) 10 mi / hr
THE NUMBER = 100 h + 10 t + u c) 11 mi / hr d) 12 mi / hr
1. How many gallons of a 25% solution of HCI should be added
WITH THE NUMBER REVERSED = 100 u + 10 t + h to 5 gallons of 10% solution of the same acid to make a 15%
2. Two streams, has a rate of 6 mi / hr and 4 mi / hr, respectively. It
solution ? answer : 2.5 gal.
takes a man on a motorboat as long to travel 30 miles downstream
Where: h = hundred’s digit on the first stream as to travel 15 miles upstream on the second
t = ten’s digit stream. Find the speed of the boat in still water.
2. How many grams of nickel must be removed from 1,500 grams
u = unit’s digit a) 12 mph b) 14 mph
of alloy having 5 % nickel to make an alloy having 2 % nickel ?
a) 42 grams b) 43 grams
c) 16 mph d) 18 mph
Sample Problems c) 44 grams d) 45 grams
3. ( Board problem )
3. ( Board Problem in EE )
1. The square of a number increased by 16 is the same as 10 times A speedboat goes 900 km against a current of 25 km / hr. It
An alcohol solution contains 80% alcohol in a liter container.
the number. Find the number. took 10 minutes longer for his trip than it would have taken it
If a student uses half of it and fills up the container with water,
a) 2 b) 4 to travel with the current. What is the speedboat’s speed in
what will be the resulting concentration ?
c) 8 d) a and c still water ? answer : 520 km/hr
a) 10 % b) 20 %
c) 30 % d) 40 %
2. Of the 4 consecutive odd numbers the product of the second and
the fourth exceeds the product of the first and the third by 136. AGE PROBLEM
Find the second number. WORK PROBLEM
a) 32 b) 33 “ THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AGES OF TWO PERSONS
c) 34 d) 35 REMAINS THE SAME “ “ THE RECIPROCAL OF TOTAL’S TIME IS EQUAL TO THE SUM
OF THE RECIPROCAL OF INDIVIDUAL’S TIME “
3. In a two digit number, the units digit is twice the ten’s digit. If PAST PRESENT FUTURE
36 is added to the number the order of the digits will be ● ∙ ∙ 1 1 1
reversed. Find the number. answer : 48 ago now from now = +
T x y
was is will be

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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022

“ A FRACTION OF WORK DONE BY X PLUS A FRACTION OF LEVER PROBLEM Sample Problems

WORK DONE BY Y IS EQUAL TO ONE COMPLETE WORK DONE
BY X AND Y “ - A lever is a rigid bar having a single point of support called the 1. A delivery boy collected P5.35, in nickel and dime coins. In the
fulcrum. Seesaw is an example of a lever. number of nickels were 7 more than one-half the number of dimes,
1 1
how many dimes were there?
1= (T) + (T ) “ IF TWO OR MORE WEIIGHTS ARE ATTACHED TO A LEVER a) 10 b) 20 c) 30 d) 40
x y
AND THE LEVER IS IN EQUILIBRIUM, THE SUM OF MOMENTS 2. A collection of coins has a value of 64 cents. There are two more
OF ONE SIDE IS EQUAL TO THE SUM OF MOMENTS OF THE nickels than the dimes and three times as many pennies as dimes.
Sample Problems OTHER SIDE ABOUT THE FULCRUM “ How many pennies are there?
1. John can do a piece of work in 2 days. Peter can do the same a) 9 b) 11 c) 15 d) 7
piece of work in 4 days. How many days will it take to finish
PROGRESSION
the same job if the two work together ? Hence : W1 X1 = W2 X2 - Set of things arranged in some definite order.
2. A and B working together can finish a painting job in six days.
When A works alone, can finish it in five days less than B. How ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION ( A, P. )
Sample Problems
long will it take each of them to finish the job ?
a) A = 10 & B = 5 b) A = 5 & B = 10 - A sequence of things or element or numbers called terms each of
1. Where should a 100 kg weight be place in a teeterboard in order which after the first is formed from the preceeding one by adding a
c) A = 10 & B = 15 d) A = 15 & B = 10 to balance with 70 kg weight located 5 feet away from the fulcrum fixed number called Common Difference.”
a) 3.5 feet b) 4.5 feet
3. John and Carlo working together can finish a painting job in 10 c) 5.5 feet d) none of these
days. After working for 4 days, John quits and Carlo finish the job L = a + (n − 1) d = last term of the sequence
in 12 more days. Find the number of days that Carlo could finish 2. Two children weighing 40 and 50 pounds respectively, are on
the painting work alone? n
opposite ends of a seesaw. If the seesaw balances when the S = (a + L) = sum of all terms in the sequence
a) 10 days b) 20 days fulcrum is 6 inches from the middle, find the length of the seesaw. 2
c) 30 days d) 15 days a) 13.5 feet b) 55 inches
n
c) 106 inches d) 9 feet S =  2a + (n − 1) d  = sum of all terms
4. A tank can be filled by one pipe in 6 hours, by a second pipe in 4 2 
hours, and emptied by a third in 8 hours. How long will it take to fill
the tank if all three pipes are open? WEIGHT LOSS PROBLEM a1 + a2 + ... + L
a) 3.43 hours b) 2.43 hours a.m. = = arithmetic mean
n
c) 5.43 hours d) 6.43 hours TOTAL WEIGHT LOSS = ( % LOSS1 x WEIGHT1 ) + ( % LOSS2 x
WEIGHT2 )
CLOCK PROBLEM HARMONIC PROGRESSION ( H.P.)
Sample Problem
“ THE MINUTE HAND MOVES 12 TIMES FASTER THAN THE HOUR - A sequence of things or element whose reciprocal of each term
1. An alloy of silver and gold weighs 15 oz. In air and 14 oz in water. forms an arithmetic progression.
HAND “ If silver losses 1 / 10 of its weight and gold losses 1 / 19. How
much of each metal is in the alloy ? answer: 4.44 & 10.56 1 1
Let : x = be the distance traveled by the minute hand starting = = sum of reciprocal terms
n
from 12. s
2
 2a + ( n − 1)d 
COIN PROBLEM
x
Then, = is the distance traveled by the hour hand Sample Problems
12 Name of Coin Values in Cents
Penny 1 cents 1. A pile of creosoted poles used in electrification of mountain
Sample Problems Nickel 5 cents barangays contains 1275 poles in layers so that the top layer
Dime 10 cents contain only one pole and each lower layer has one more pole
1. what time after 4 o’clock will the hands of the clock are Quarter 25 cents than the layer above. How many layers are there in the pile?
a) perpendicular for the second time Half-dollar 50 cents a) 10 layers b) 30 layers
b) opposite to each other Dollar 100 cents c) 50 layers d) 70 layers
c) overlapping each other
d) forming 30o for the first time
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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022
amperes transmit over 100 k m?
2. In a pile of logs, there are 18 layers. Each layer contains one RATIO, PROPORTION AND VARIATION WITH VENN DIAGRAM a) 675 b) 485
more log than the layer immediately above. The top layer has c) 595 d) 785
only one log. How many logs does the pile contain? RATIO – Is an indicated division or simply a fraction. The principles
a) 169 logs b) 170 logs that may apply to fractions apply likewise to ratios. The ratio of two
2. ( ME board exam 2000 )
c) 171 logs d) 172 logs concrete quantities must be expressed in terms of the same unit of
The force exerted by a lever varies directly as the length of
measure. Thus, the ratio of 2 feet to 10 inches is not 2 / 10 but rather
3. An electrician can choose between working for P 10 per day the arm. If a lever 3 ft in length is capable of lifting a weight of
24 / 10 or 24 : 10.
and working for P 6 for the first day and an increase of P 0.50 56 pounds, what weight could a lever 4 and ½ feet long can lift?
per day each day thereafter. At the end of 30 days, how much a) 37.3 lbs. b) 84 lbs.
PROPORTION – Is a statement expression that two ratios are equal.
is the difference between the two pay-offs? c) 94.4 lbs. d) none of these
Thus; the two fractions a / b and c / d are equal and said to be
a) P 300.0 b) P 497.50 proportional and can be written either of the two ways a / b = c / d or
c) P 97.50 d) P 397.50 VENN DIAGRAM
a : b :: c : d where a and d are called extremes while b and c are
called means.
GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION ( G.P.) - An illustration or diagram usually made of circles that denotes
the pictorial relation of two or more sets of things or elements.
Sample Problems
- A sequence of things or elements or numbers called terms each of
which after the first is formed from the preceding term by multiplying a Sample Problems
1. A volleyball team won 16 games and lost 4. What is the ratio
fixed number called Common Ratio.
of the number of games lost to the number of games won ?
1. In a survey of 100 persons revealed that 72 of them had eaten
ans. 1:4
L = ar n−1
= last term of the sequence at a restaurant and that 52 of them had eaten at a sea foods
2. Find the mean proportion of 4 m and 9 m bar. How many of them had eaten at both food house ?
a − a rn a) 36 m b) 4 m
S = = sum of all terms in the sequence 2. In a club of 40 executives, 33 like to smoke Marlboro,
1 − r c) 9 m d) 6 m
and 20 like to smoke Philip Morris if there are two who
a − rL 3. What is the fourth proportional of 4, 20, & 60 ? doesn’t smoke, how many executives smoke both
S = = sum of all terms a) 80 b) 24
1 − r brands of cigarette?
c) 640 d) 300 a) 15 b) 13
c) 11 d) 8
Geometric Mean = n
product of the terms 4. Express 6 feet to 6 yards as a ratio
a) 1 : 1 b) 3 : 18
Infinite Geometric Series c) 6 / 3 d) 1 / 3 MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEM
a
S = = sum of infinite terms
1 − r 5. A linotype operator can set up a book of 400 pages in 10 days. “ ANALYZE, UNDERSTAND AND WRITE WHAT ARE THE
How many days will it take him to set-up two books, one of 300 GIVEN AND THE REQUIRED IN THE GIVEN PROBLEMS “
Sample Problems pages and the other of 500 pages?
a) 10 days b) 15 days Sample Problems
1. What is the sum of all numbers in series that starts from 1 and c) 20 days d) 25 days
decreases by ½ and so on . . . . . ? 1. A farmhouse has a total of 36 cows and chicken. The
animals have a total of 96 feet. How many cows are there ?
2. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 15 meters. On each LANGUAGE OF VARIATION
a) 24 b) 12
rebound, it rises 2 / 3 of the height from which it last fell. Find the c) 36 d) 16
distance traveled by the ball before it comes to rest. 1. Direct Variation x  z or x = k y
a) 75 meters b) 96 meters x 
1 1 2. A vendor sells balot on the condition that when you buy half
2. Inverse Variation or x = k
c) 100 meters d) 85 meters y y of the total number of balot inside his basket you’ll get 1 free.
1  z  If this agreement were made on three of his customers until all
3. Joint Variation x  ; x  z or x = k   his balot were sold out, how many balot did the vendor originally
3. What is the sum of the first 7 terms of the progression 2, -4, 8 . . y  y 
. and so on? have ?
Sample Problems
a) 254 b) 86
c) 200 d) –90 DIAPHANTUS PROBLEM
1. ( EE Bd.March ’98 )
4. Laulix bets $1 on the first poker hand, $2 on the second, $4 on the The electric power which a transmission line can transmit is “ A PROBLEM IN WHICH THE NUMBER OF UNKNOWNS IS
third and so on. If laulix loses nine hands in a row, and wins on the proportional to the product of its design voltage and current GREATER THAN THE EQUATION FORMED, PROVIDED THE
tenth hand. What is his net profit or net lose? capacity and inversely to transmission distance. A 115 kilovolt line PROBLEM INVOLVED DEALS WITH WHOLE NUMBER OR
a) $ 511 b) $ 3 rated at 1000 amperes can transmit 150 Megawatt over 150 km. UNIT IN WHICH CASE CAN BE SOLVE ONLY BY TRIAL AND
c) $ 514 d) $ 1 How much power in Megawatt can a 230 kV line rated at 1,500 ERROR “
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 FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022
a) 263 b) 144 18. An 8 – gallon radiator is filled with a 20% alcohol solution.
Sample Problems c) 362 d) 401 How much of the solution must be drained off and replaced
1. A merchant has three items on sale, namely a radio for Php 50, a by pure alcohol to obtain 35% alcohol solution?
9. The sum of the digits of a 3 digit number is 18. If the number is a) 1.2 gallons b) 1.5 gallons
clock for Php 30 and a flashlight for Php 1. At the end of the day,
divided by the sum of the units and tens digits, the quotient is 69 c) 1.7 gallons d) 1.9 gallons
the merchant has sold a total of 100 items and has taken exactly
with remainder 6. If 198 is subtracted from the number, the digits
Php 1000 on the total sales. How many radios did he sale ? 16
will be reversed. Find the number. 19. A tank contains 36 gallons of pure alcohol. Some gallons of
2. The sum of the digit of a 3 digit number is 17. The hundred’s digit a) 675 b) 467 it are drawn off and replaced by the same number of gallons
is twice the unit’s digit. Find the number. ans. 683 and 854 c) 647 d) 765 of pure water. Then the same number of gallons of the mixture
is drawn off leaving only 25 gallons of pure alcohol in the tank.
10. John is twice as old as his sister. 4 years ago he was 3 times as How many gallons are drawn each time?
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
old as his sister. How old is John at the present time? a) 6 gallons b) 5 gallons
1. Two cars approaches each other in a 1000 meters straight road. a) 15 years old b) 16 years old c) 11 gallons d) none of these
One has a constant rate of 36 kph and the other at 54 kph. How c) 17 years old d) 18 years old
long they will meet? 20. At what time after 12 noon will the hour and minute hands of
11. The sum of our ages is 40 years. In 5 years I will be 4 times as a clock first form an angle of 300 ?
a) 20 seconds b) 30 seconds
old as you. What is your age? a) 12:05.45 p.m b) 1:05.45 p.m
c) 40 seconds d) 50 seconds
a) 35 years old b) 20 years old c) 12:10.91 p.m d) 12:21.82 p.m
2. A speedboat goes 900 km. against a current of 25 km/hr. It took c) 5 years old d) 8 years old
10 minutes longer for his trip than it would have taken it to travel 21. How many seconds after 5 o’clock will the hands of the clock
12. In how many years will Mr. Go’s age be 7 times that of his be perpendicular to each other for the first time?
with the current. What is the speedboat’s speed in still water?
grandson’s if he is now 69 years old and his grandson is 3? a) 10.91 b) 100.82
a) 62.3 km per hr. b) 25.4 km per hr.
a) 8 years b) 6 years c) 565.4 d) 654.5
c) 519 km per hr. d) 425 km per hr.
c) 4 years d) 4 years
3. It takes approximately 4.95 hrs to travel from Bacolod to 22. How many times in one complete day will the hands of the
13. Harry is 3 years younger than his brother Cris, and Cris is twice clock (minute & hour) coincides with each other?
Dumaguete. If travelling 11 kph faster the trip is reduced by an hour.
as old as his little sister Gina. The sum of their ages equal to that a) 24 times b) 23 times
What is the approximate distance between the two cities?
of their father, who is 42 years of age. How is old is Gina next c) 22 times d) none of these
a) 220 km b) 215 km
year?
c) 225 km d) 210 km
a) 10 years old b) 12 years old 23. Abner and Bosing together can do a piece of work in 4 hours.
4. John can ran around a circular track in 20 seconds and Eddie in c) 9 years old d) 8 years old Bosing alone takes 9 hours to do it. How long does Abner
30 seconds. Two seconds after Eddie starts, John starts from the take alone?
14. How old is the man if his present age is 5 / 8 of what it will be 18 a) 34 / 5 days b) 36 / 5 days
same place in opposite direction. When will they meet?
years hence? c) 2 / 3 days d) none of these
a) 18.50 seconds after b) 11.20 seconds after
a) 25 years old b) 30 years old
c) 20.82 seconds after d) 15.67 seconds after
c) 35 years old d) none of these 24. A tank can be filled by one pipe in 6 hours, by a second pipe
5. The sum of two numbers is 30. What is the larger number if 3 in 4 hours, and emptied by a third in 8 hours. How long will it
15. How old is a man last year, if 3 / 4 of his age 6 years ago equals take to fill the tank if all three pipes are open?
times the smaller equals twice the larger?
3 / 8 of his age 18 years from now? a) 3.43 hours d) 2.43 hours
a) 12 b) 14
a) 29 years old b) 25 years old c) 5.43 hours d) 6.43 hours
c) 16 d) 18
c) 30 years old d) 26 years old
6. What is the first of three consecutive numbers if 6 times the first 25. Suzy and Carla can decorate a certain room in 4 and
16. A grocer has in stock one brand of tea selling 50 cents a pound 6 hours respectively. Suzy started decorating at 7:30 a.m.
minus twice the second is equal to twice the third?
and another brand selling for 45 cents a pound. How many and was joined by Carla at 9:00 a.m. What time did
a) 3 b) 5
pounds of 50 cents a pound tea must he take to make a mixture the two girls finish decorating the room?
c) 7 d) 9
of 75 pounds worth 48 cents a pound? a) 10:00 a.m b) 11:30 a.m
7. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 14. If 8 be added to a) 30 pounds b) 35 pounds c) 10:30 a.m d) 12:00 a.m
the number, the order of the digits will be reversed. Find the original c) 40 pounds d) 45 pounds
number. 26. Jay can do piece of work in 4 days, Belen can do the same job in
17. How many liters of water must be added to 45 liters of 6 days and Cris can do it in 8 days. How long will it take to do the
a) 68 b) 77
solution which is 90% alcohol in order to make the resulting job if Jay and Belen work for one day and Belen and Cris finish
b) 59 d) none of these
solution 80% alcohol? the job?
8. The sum of the first and third digit of a three digit number is 5, a) 2.63 liters b) 3.63 liters a) 1 day b) 3 days
and the middle digit is twice the first digit. Adding 99 to the c) 4.63 liters d) 5.63 liters c) 2 days d) 4 days
number reverses the order of the digits. What is the number?
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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022
27. The prizes in a raffle are $ 50, $ 100, $ 150, and so on, and the of 16 psi and having a volume of 500 ft3 is compressed to a
highest prize is $ 500. what is the total value of the prizes? 6. At what time after 12:00 noon will the hour hand and the minute volume of 25 ft3. What is the final pressure if the temperature
a) $ 1,500 b) $ 3,750 hand of the clock first form an angle of 120 o ? remains constant?
c) $ 2,500 d) $ 2,750 a) 12:21.818 * b) 12:31:132 a) 310 psi b) 315 psi
c) 12.18.818 d) 12:22.828 c) 320 psi * d) 325 psi
28. Ten potatoes are placed at distances of 5, 10, 15, . .feet from a
basket for a potato race. Each runner is required to start from the 7. The gasoline tank of a car contains 50 liters of gasoline and 16. A vendor has 12 fruits in his basket consisting of mango,
basket and bring back each potato one at a time. How far does alcohol, the alcohol comprising 25%. How much mixture must be apple and papaya. If mango sells at 8 pesos each, and
the winner of this race travel? drawn off and replaced by alcohol so that the tank contain a apple sells at 10 pesos each and papaya at 12 pesos each,
a) 275 feet b) 550 feet mixture of which 50% is alcohol ? the total sales would be 118 pesos. How many mango is
c) 375 feet d) none of these a) 18.67 liters b) 12.57 liters inside the basket ? ans. 4
c) 16.67 liters * d) 14.57 liters
29. Laulix bets $1 on the first poker hand, $2 on the second, $4 on 17. Find the sum of infinite geometric progression 6, - 2, 2/3 ….
the third and so on.If laulix loses nine hands in a row, and wins 8. How many liters of water must be removed from a 50 liter and so on ?
on the tenth hand. What is his net profit or net lose? containing 3% salt solution so that the remaining solution will be a) 9/2 * b) 5/2
a) $ 511 b) $ 3 5% salt ? c) 7/2 d) 11/2
c) $ 514 d) $ 1 a) 10 liters b) 15 liters
c) 20 liters * d) 5 liters 18. What is least common factor of 10 and 32 ?
30. In a survey of 100 persons revealed that 72 of them had eaten at a) 320 b) 2
a restaurant and that 52 of them had eaten at a sea foods bar. 9. Mammoth, deposited 1 peso n d piggy bank on the first day, two c) 180 d) 90
How many of them had eaten at both food house ? pesos on the second day and 4 pesos on the third day until it
a) 20 b) 24 becomes full on the 9th day. In what day will the piggy bank is half 19. What is the 100th term of the sequence1.01, 1.00, 0.99 . . .
c) 30 d) 50 – full ? a) 0.02 b) 0.03
a) on the fifth day b) on the fourth day c) 0.05 d) 0.04
BRING HOME PROBLEMS c) on the eight day * d) on the last day
20. Ten less than four times a certain number is 14. Determine
1. Find the coefficient of the term involving x 7 y3 from the expansion 10. The sum of the ages of Paulo and Gringo is 35. When Paulo was the number.
of ( x + y ) 10. two thirds her present age and Gringo was 3 / 4 of his present a) 4 b) 6
a) 120 b) 240 age, the sum of their ages was 25. How old is Paulo now ? c) 7 d) 5
c) 60 d) 180 a) 20 b) 10
c) 25 d) 15 * 21. What is the equation of the quadratics whose roots are reciprocal
2. An airplane flying with the wind, took 2 hours to travel 1,000 km, of the roots of the equation 2x2 – 3x – 5 = 0 ?
and 2.5 hrs in flying back. What was the wind velocity in kph ? 11. Solve for x if x+1 + 2x + 3 = 1 a) 2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0 b) 5x2 + 3x – 2 = 0
a) 50 kph b) 150 kph a) 3 b) 1 c) 5x2 – 2x – 3 = 0 d) 3x2 – 5x – 2 = 0
c) 70 kph d) 80 kph c) -1 d) a and c
22. For a particular experiment you need 5 liters of a 10% solution.
3. The ten’s digit of a number is 3 less than the units digit. If the 12. A can do a piece of work in 9 days, B in 12 days and C in 18 You find 7% and 12% solution on the shelves. How much of the
number is divided by the sum of the digits, the quotient is 4 and the days. A and B work for 3 days after which C replaces B. How 7% solution should you mix with 12% solution to get 5 liters of a
remainder is 3. What is the original number ? long must A and C work together to finish the job? 10% solution?
a) 47 b) 36 a) 6.5 days b) 4.5 days a) 1.5 b) 2
c) 58 d) 69 * c) 2.5 days d) 8.5 days c) 3 d) 2.5

4. The time required by an elevator to lift a weight varies directly with 13. On a trip, Laulix noticed that his trip averaged 21 miles per 23. The denominator of a certain fraction is three more than twice
the weight and the distance through which it is to be lifted and gallon of gas except for the days he used the air the numerator. If 7 is added to the both terms of the fraction, the
inversely as the power of the moter. If it takes 30 seconds for a 10 conditioning, and then it averaged only 17 miles per gallon. If resulting fraction is 3/5. Find the original fraction.
Hp motor to lift 100 lbs through 50 ft, what size of motor is required laulix used 91 gallons of gas to drive 1,751 miles, on how a) 8/3 b) 5/3
to lift 800 lbs in 40 seconds through a distance of 40 feet ? many of those miles did he use the air-conditioning ? 680 miles c) 13/5 d) 5/13
a) 48 hp b) 50 hp
c) 56 hp d) 58 hp 14. Decos can paint a fence 20% faster than peter. Together 24. Find the common ratio of the infinite geometric progression
they can paint a given fence in 4 hours. How long will it where the sum is 2 and the first term is ½ .
5. From the time 6:15 P.M. to the time 7:45 P.M. of the same day, the take Decos to paint the same fence if he had to work a) 1/3 b) ½
minute hand of the standard clock describes an arc of how many alone ? 7 1/3 hrs. c) ¾ d) ¼
degrees ?
a) 180 o * b) 540 o 15. If the temperature of a gas remains constant, the 25. A club of 40 executives, 33 like to smoke Marlboro and 20 like to
c) 360 o d) 220 o Pressure varies inversely as the volume. A gas at a pressure smoke Philip Morris. How many like both ?
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FRANCISCAN ENGINEERING REVIEW PROGRAM MATHEMATICS – ALGEBRA SEPTEMBER 2022
a) 10 b) 11
c) 12 d) 13
26. A farmhouse has a total of 36 cows and chicken. The animals
have a total of 96 feet. How many cows are there ? D O N’ T QUIT
a) 24 b) 12
c) 36 d) 16 When things go wrong as they sometimes will,
When the road you’re trudging seems all uphill,
27. A carpenter bought 24 boxes of three different screws for P2, 200. When the funds are low and the debts are high;
Screw A costs P300 a box, screw B costs P150 per box and screw C When you want to smile, but you have to sigh,
costs P50 per box. How many boxes of screw B did he buy? When care is pressing you down a bit
A. 6 B. 9 C. 8 D. 5 rest if you must, but DON’T you QUIT
28. If 19 kilos of gold loses 1 kilo; and 10 kilos of silver loses 1 kilo Life is queer with its twists and turns,
when weighed in water, find the weight of gold and silver weighing 106 As everyone of us sometimes learns
kilos in air and 99 kilos in the water? And many a fellow turns about,
*A. 76 kilos C. 84 kilos
When he might have won had he stuck it out,
B. 55 kilos D. 68 kilos
Don’t give up though the pace seems slow;
You may succeed with another blow.
29. Eight men can excavate 15 m3 of drainage open canal in 7 hrs.
Three men can backfill 20 m3 in 4 hrs. How long will it take 10 men to Often the goal is nearer than
excavate and back fill 20 m3 in the project? It seems to a faint and faltering man;
*A. 9.87 hrs. C. 8.76 hrs. Often the struggler has given up,
B. 7.65 hr. D. 10.98 hrs. When he might have captured the victor’s cup;
And he learned too late when the night came down,
30. A geometric progression is 1+ z + z²+ z3 + . . . + zn where z<1 How close he was to the golden crown.
Determine the sum of the series as n approaches infinity.
A. 1/ (1- 2z) *C. 1/ (1- z) Success is failure turned inside out,
B. 1/ (2- z) D. 2/ (1- z) The silver tint of the clouds of doubt;
And you never can tell how close you are,
31.The sum of the numerical coefficient in the expansion of (x- 2y+ 3z)6 It may be near when it seems so far;
A. 32 C. 38 So, stick to the fight when you’re hardest hit,
B. 68 *D. 64 It’s when things seem worst that you

MUSTN’T QUIT.

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