In order words, a 

corrective job refers to work done on a Equipment that is

fully or partially working while a breakdown refers to situations where the
Equipment is no longer able to function.
Breakdown Maintenance -

When machine breakdown or equipment outages and needs an immediate response and action
from the maintenance team. So for this type of scenario we can say breakdown maintenance.

Corrective maintenance -

Maintenance tasks are performed to identify, and rectify a fault, so that the failed equipment,
machine, or system can be restored to the operational condition

In Corrective Maintenance, you correct a malfunction or a machine failure by raising a notification

in the system. The work order is received by the technician who enters the information. An
authorized person in the PM system approves and completes the work as per the work order.

SAP Preventive maintenance -

SAP preventative maintenance is the process of sustaining production equipment, or technical

objects, on an ongoing basis. Maintenance department can ensure high availability of production
equipment for the long term. The process reduces equipment breakdowns,