Keiin International Institute 2022

UPP «Intro to specialty»

EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

Группа: «EHSP-2-22», текущая

датa: 19.12.2022

студент(ка): Nurlanova Adelina

ID: 1222004

MID-2 тест по предмету

« Introduction to the Speciality»

Block 1 - “What do you know about computers?”

(Pls, give the correct(s) answer to the questions below )

be as brief and objective as possible in your answers

1. What does a “computer-literate” person mean? 1

2.               What is the role of computers in our society?

3.               What is electronics?

4.               Where are electronic devices used?

5.               What invention contributed to the appearance of electronics?

6.               When and where was the transistor invented?

7.               What is microelectronics?

Microelectronics embraces the entire body of the electronic art which is connected with, or applied to,
the realization of electronic circuits, subsystems, or the entire systems from extremely small electronic
devices. The terms «microelectronics» and «integrated circuits» are sometimes used interchangeably, but
this is not correct. Microelectronics is a name for extremely small electronic components and circuit
assemblies, made by thin-film, thick-film or semiconductor techniques.

8.               What techniques does microelectronics use?

Active elements (transistors and diodes) and passive elements (resistors and capacitors) are formed in
the silicon slice by diffusing impurities into selected regions to modify electrical characteristics, and where
necessary to form p-n junctions.

1
answers given by you under each question, should also be enclosed in quotation marks and(!), while the numbering of questions should be
preserved.
 Keiin International Institute 2022
UPP «Intro to specialty»
EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

9.               What was the first calculating machine?

10.         How was the first calculating machine called?

11.         What was the first means of coding data?

12.         What Business Corporation was the first to produce computers?

13.         In what fields were the first computers used?

At first most computers used a dial-up telephone connection that worked through the standard
telephone line. Now a broadband connection, a high data transmission rate Internet connection, has
become more popular: either ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line), which allows you to use the
same telephone line for voice and fast access to the Internet, or cable, offered by most TV cable
providers.

14.         When was the first analog computer built?

15.         What was the name of the first digital computer?

16.         Who built the first digital computer?

17.         Who contributed the idea of storing data and instructions in binary code?

18.         What does binary code mean?

19.         What were computers of the first generation based on?

20.         What is a computer?

21.         What are the main functions of the computers?

22.         What is a program?

23.         What are data?

24.         What is data processing?

25.         What is capacity storage?

26.         What is hardware?

Hardware is the equipment involved in the function of a computer. Computer hardware consists of the
components that can be physically handled. A general purpose computer has four main components: the
arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively
termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by busses, often made of groups of wires.

27.         What is software?

System software controls the basic functions of a computer, e.g. operating systems, programming
software and utility programs. Software, computer programs – instructions that make the hardware (the
machines) do work. Software as a whole can be divided into a number of categories based on the types of
work done by programs. The two primary software categories are operating systems (system software),
which control the workings of the computer, and application software, which addresses the multitude of
tasks for which people use computers. System software thus handles such essential, but often invisible,
 Keiin International Institute 2022
UPP «Intro to specialty»
EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

chores as maintaining disk files and managing the screen, whereas application software performs word
processing, database management, and the like.

28.         Who designs computers?

29.         What is RAM/ROM?

30.         What storage devices do you know?

31.         What is the function of CPU?

32.         What is the heart (brain) of a microprocessor?

33.         What is the purpose of input devices?

34.         Name devices used for inputting information?

35.         What is a scanner used for?

36.         What types of printers do you know?

37.         When did the first personal computer appear?

38.         When did the first personal computer appear?

39.         What differs PC from large computer systems?

40.         What is a personal computer?

41.         What are the main spheres of PC applications?

42.         What professions are in great need of computers?

43.         What is modem and what is it used for?

44.         What is programming?

Computer programming (often shortened to programming, scripting, or coding) is the process of

designing, writing, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code of computer programs. This
source code is written in one or more programming languages (such as Java, С++, C#, Python, etc.). The
purpose of programming is to create a set of instructions that computers use to perform specific
operations or to exhibit desired behaviours. The process of writing source code often requires expertise in
many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and
formal logic.

45.         What is WWW?

The World Wide Web, Web or WWW is a network of documents that works in a hypertext environment,
i.e. using text that contains links, hyperlinks to other documents. The files, web pages, are stored in
computers, which act as servers. Your computer, the client, uses a web browser, a special program to
access and download them. The web pages are organized in websites, groups of pages located on the
Web, maintained by a webmaster, the manager of a website. The Web enables you to post and access all
sorts of interactive multimedia information and has become a real information highway.
 Keiin International Institute 2022
UPP «Intro to specialty»
EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

Block 2 - “ Word-formation - COMPUTER GRAMMAR

!!! Вставки ответов в заполнители должны отличатся по форматированию,
т.е. цветом размером и начертанием (например, см. заголовок раздела - Block 2).

Exercise 1.Translate  compound words:

Formally-defined; human-legible; hard-to-remember; easy-to-understand; toolbar; keyboard;
website; set-up; webmaster; broadband; space-saving (PCs);  hands-free (device); menu-driven
(program); dial-up (telephone-connection).

Exercise 2.Which compound in the box do these definitions refer to? There is an odd
definition which is irrelevant to these compounds
keyboard   broadband  hyperlink   hotspots    web page
1. ………….. is a method of sending many electronic messages as the same time, using a
wide range of frequencies.
2.   …………….  is a hypertext document connected to the World Wide Web and organized
as the part of website.
3.   ………………… is a link from a hypertext file or document to another document or file,
typically activated by clicking on a highlighted word, phrase or image on a web page.
4.   …………………. is a panel of keys that you press in order to operate  a computer.
5.   ……………… is a place where wireless broadband services are provided to users
through  a wireless local area network, such as in an airport, Wi-Fi, cafe, park, or library.
6.   …………………… is a program that acts on demand of a web browser to find and transfer
URL of a website to it.

Exercise 3. Fill in the sentences with compounds from the box.

search engine     software engineer    web browser     broadband     hyperlink
 
1.               They are seeking _________________  to help write and test a new
operating system.
2.               ______________ a type of data transmission that provides fast Internet access.
3.               Because the Web has no certain organization, every Web surfer needs a
________________.
4.               If you want to get more information on the subject, click on the
_______________, the words with the line under them, that you see on this web page.
5.               You can access and download web pages using a special program called a
____________________.

Exercise 4.Translate paying attention to suffixes and prefixes

Usefulness: frequently; flexibility; disadvantages; unauthorized; undertake; enhancement;

Exercise 5.Read the following sentences and circle the prefixes:

1.      Floppy disks are inexpensive and reusable.
2.   If a printer malfunctions, you should check the interface cable.
3.   You can maximize your chances of finding a job if you are bilingual or even trilingual.
 Keiin International Institute 2022
UPP «Intro to specialty»
EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

4.   Peripherals devices can be either input devices (such as keyboards) or output devices
(such as printers).
5.   Ads the results are irregular, the program will have to be rewritten.
6.   After you transfer text using the “cut and paste” feature you may have to reformat
the text you have inserted.

Exercise 6. Fill in the gaps with the correct prefix from the following list.
 
auto             de           dec        inter
maxi            mega      micro     mini
mono           multi       semi      sub
 
1.      Most people prefer a colour screen to a _________chrome screen.
2.   ___________script is a character or symbol written and to the right of a number or
letter, often used in science.
3.   A ________byte equals approximately one million bytes.
4.   Once you finish your program, you will have to test it and _____bug it to remove all
the mistakes.
5.   The introduction of ________conductor technology revolutionized the computer
industry.
6.   If a computer system has two or more central processors which are under common
control, it is called a _____ processor system.
7.   The _____ imal system is a number system with a base of 10.
8.   When the user and the computer are in active communication on a graphics system,
we refer to this as  _____active graphics.

Exercise 7. Noun + noun compounds. Match each word from Column A with its partner from
column B to make a computing term.
Column A Column B
 
barcode tray
mainframe program
laser bus
expansion pane
search computer
control reader
supervisor bar
task card
system engine
explorer printer

 
 Keiin International Institute 2022
UPP «Intro to specialty»
EHSP-1-2 2 semester.

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